The Levantine Synagogue (Italian: Scola Levantina) is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, that is located on Campiello delle Scuole, in the Venetian Ghetto of Venice, Italy. Designed by Baldassare Longhena and Andrea Brustolon in a mix of the Baroque and Mannerist styles, the synagogue was completed in 1541. The congregation worships in the Sephardic rite.[2]
| Levantine Synagogue | |
|---|---|
Italian: Scola Levantina | |
 The synagogue façade, in 2014 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Judaism |
| Rite | Nusach Sefard |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | Campiello delle Scuole, Venetian Ghetto, Venice, Veneto |
| Country | Italy |
  Location of the synagogue in Venice | |
| Geographic coordinates | 45°26′41″N 12°19′32″E / 45.44472°N 12.32556°E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | |
| Type | Synagogue architecture |
| Style | |
| Founder | Levantine Jews |
| Completed | 1541 |
| Materials | Stone |
| [1] | |
History
editThe synagogue was founded in 1541, and underwent total reconstruction about a century later.[3] It is believed that Baldassare Longhena worked on the exterior of the building, and Andrea Brustolon on the interior, specifically the pulpit.[4] The Levantine Synagogue is so named due to its founders being Eastern Sephardim from the Ottoman Empire as well as the Venetian colony of Corfu in what is now Greece. The ancestors of these Levantine Jews were originally from Portugal and Spain.[5]
The synagogue was extensively restored between 1976 and 1981.[6]
Description
editThe design of the synagogue is reminiscient of the Venetian Ghetto in the Cannaregio sestieri. The presence of the building is inconspicuous, as it is not well-accentuated on the outside.[clarification needed] Only the windows, which are larger than a typical building's, stand out as different than the average dwelling, although the inside is far more intricate than the outside.[3]
The synagogue is located in the Campiellio de le Scuole area of the Ghetto.[7] Many external details are typical of Longhena's work, with a prominence of entablatures and volutes in the keystone, mirrored walls, the ashlar plinth, ovulate windows in the attic, and the doors' intricately carved decorations.[8]
In contrast to the exterior, the interior is rich and refined. The floor contains the scola luzzatto, normally used as a study. Up the steps on the bimah, adorned with Solomonic columns with floral decorations, is the rabbi's lectern. The pulpit floor leads to three windows. Opposite to the bimah is the Aron haQodesh, engraved with the Ten Commandments, with the Hebrew date 5542, corresponding to the year 1782.[7] A mechitza is visible and separates the higher women's gallery from the men's. On both sides, a boiserie covers the walls, depicting biblical narratives.[9]
See also
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References
edit- ^ "Scuola Levantina in Venice". Historic Synagogues of Europe. Foundation for Jewish Heritage and the Center for Jewish Art at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. n.d. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
- ^ Touring Club Italiano (2005). Touring club italiano - Gruppo editoriale L'Espresso (ed.). Venezia (in Italian). Vol. 5. Milano - Rome: Biblioteca di Repubblica, Italia. OCLC 799224309.
- ^ a b "Le sinagoghe sono l'anima del ghetto". Museo Ebraico de Venezia. Archived from the original on June 28, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
- ^ "Scuola Levantina". www.italia-ebraica.it (in Italian). Retrieved July 6, 2023.
- ^ "Venice's frayed, shrinking 500-year-old Jewish Ghetto is planning a renaissance". The Times of Israel. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
- ^ "Scuola Levantina in the Jewish Ghetto of Venice". Save Venice Inc. n.d. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
- ^ a b "Scola Levantina". jvenice.org (in Italian). Archived from the original on June 26, 2019. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
- ^ Bassi, Elena (1962). Architettura del Sei e Settecento a Venezia (in Italian). Naples: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane. p. 118.
- ^ "Scola Canton". Visit Jewish Italy (in Italian). Retrieved July 6, 2023.
External links
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Media related to Scola levantina (Venice) at Wikimedia Commons