The Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex (KNFC) is a nuclear fuel manufacturing and fabrication plant located in Kundian in Mianwali District, Punjab, Pakistan.[1]
The plant is owned by the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), which manufactures and, henceforth, supplies the nuclear fuel bundles and reactor cores to the nation's commercial nuclear power plant. It has an annual capacity of producing 24 megatonnes (2.4×1010 kg) of natural uranium oxide fuel as well as zirconium alloy cladding and reactor core components.: 115 [2]
History
editThe Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex was established by the scientists and engineers working at the Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology (Pinstech) in 1978.[3] Its establishment came after the Pakistani scientists discovered the heavy amounts of zirconium in the sandy beaches of Balochistan; the facility was established in Kundian in Mianwali District, Punjab, to separate other elements to procure the pure form of zirconium.: 115 [2] The nuclear reprocessing and experimental metallurgy of zirconium took place under Pinstech lab in its year early before the technology of nuclear fuel cycle was completely transferred to Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex.[2]
The Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex has an annual capacity of producing the 24 megatonnes (2.4×1010 kg) of natural uranium oxide fuel, which has allowed the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) to run the grid operations of the Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP) without the Canadian assistance at its full capacity.: 115 The Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex manufactures 1500 Beryllium, Zirconium, and other metal oxide nuclear fuel bundles for Karachi Nuclear Power Plant as well as manufacturing the zirconium alloy cladding and reactor core components.: 115
According to the Pakistani government statistics, the indigenous nuclear fuel had saved Pakistan US$ 40 million years, with one PAEC mineralogist noting that: "Pakistan produced the first ton of [purified] uranium oxide and metal before it produced the first ton of copper or any other mineral using the local ore and indigenously developed technologies.: 115
The Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex is located near the location of the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant.[3][4]
See also
edit
External links
edit- World Nuclear Organisation Archived 2012-02-20 at the Wayback Machine
References
edit- ^ NTI, Nuclear Threat Initiative. "Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex (KNFC)". www.nti.org. Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
- ^ a b c Khan, Feroz (7 November 2012). Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb. Stanford, CA, USA: Stanford University Press. p. 552. ISBN 978-0-8047-8480-1. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
- ^ a b "Kundian - Pakistan Special Weapons Facilities". nuke.fas.org. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
- ^ "New Extension to the Chashma Plutonium Separation Facility | Institute for Science and International Security". isis-online.org.