Kosmos 133 (Russian: Космос 133, meaning "Kosmos 133"), Soyuz 7K-OK No.2, was the first uncrewed test flight of the Soyuz spacecraft, and first mission of the Soyuz programme, as part of the Soviet space programme.
_drawing.png) Soyuz 7K-OK spacecraft with an active docking unit. | |
| Mission type | Test Flight |
|---|---|
| Operator | Experimental Design Bureau (OKB-1) |
| COSPAR ID | 1966-107A |
| SATCAT no. | 02601 |
| Mission duration | 1 day, 23 hours and 19 minutes |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz 7K-OK No.2 |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz 7K-OK |
| Manufacturer | Experimental Design Bureau (OKB-1) |
| Launch mass | 6450 kg[1] |
| Landing mass | 2500 kg |
| Dimensions | 7.13 m long 2.72 m wide |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 28 November 1966 11:02:00 GMT[2] |
| Rocket | Soyuz 11A511 s/n U15000-02 |
| Launch site | Baikonour, Site 31/6 |
| Contractor | Experimental Design Bureau (OKB-1) |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Exploded: on the self-destruct command of ground |
| Landing date | 30 November 1966, 10:21 GMT (exploded) |
| Landing site | Kazakh Steppe of Kazakhstan (planned) |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit[2] |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Perigee altitude | 171.0 km |
| Apogee altitude | 223.0 km |
| Inclination | 51.9° |
| Period | 88.4 minutes |
Launch
editLaunched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome aboard the maiden flight of the Soyuz 11A511 s/n U15000-02 launch vehicle.[3] Kosmos 133 was planned "all up" test, to include an automated docking with a second Soyuz spacecraft (Soyuz 7K-OK No.1), which was scheduled for launch the day after Kosmos 133.
Mission
editKosmos 133 was operated in a low Earth orbit, on 28 November 1966, it had a perigee of 171.0 km (106.3 mi), an apogee of 223.0 km (138.6 mi), an inclination of 51.9°, and an orbital period of 88.4 minutes.[2]
Return
editProblems found during ground testing of the second spacecraft resulted in its launch being delayed, and it was destroyed when its launch vehicle exploded on its launch pad following a scrubbed launch attempt in December 1966. Before this, the attitude control system (ACS) of Kosmos 133 malfunctioned, resulting in rapid consumption of orientation fuel, leaving it spinning at 2 rpm. After large efforts by ground control and 5 attempts at retrofire over two days, the craft was finally coming down for a landing. Due to the inaccuracy of the reentry burn, it was determined that the capsule would land in China. The self-destruct command was given and the satellite exploded 30 November 1966 at 10:21 GMT.[1]
The fireball passed over west Japan and was recorded by photos and a sketch. Kōichirō Tomita identified that it was the Kosmos 133 spacecraft (30 November 1966).[4]
References
edit
- ^ a b "Display: Kosmos 133 1966-107A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b c "Trajectory: Kosmos 133 1966-107A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 15 October 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ^ 加茂昭, Kamo, Akira (2012). 空とぶマネキン人形 [Flying Mannequin Doll / Mannequin Cosmonaut]. Japan: Seikosha 星湖舎. ISBN 9784863720275.
