48°00′15″N 91°38′26″E / 48.00417°N 91.64056°E
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Khovd
Ховд ᠬᠣᠪᠳᠤ | |
|---|---|
District and City | |
| Jargalant District Жаргалант сум ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠩᠲᠤᠰᠤᠮᠤ | |
 The city of Khovd | |
 Khovd City in Khovd Province | |
  Khovd | |
| Coordinates: 48°00′15″N 91°38′26″E / 48.00417°N 91.64056°E | |
| Country | Mongolia |
| Province | Khovd Province |
| Founded | 1731 |
| Area | |
• Total | 70.0 km2 (27.0 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,395 m (4,577 ft) |
| Population (2017) | |
• Total | 29,800 |
| • Density | 430/km2 (1,100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 |
| Area code | +976 (0)143 |
| Climate | BWk |
| Website | http://khovd.gov.mn/ |
Khovd (Mongolian: Ховд [ˈχɔw̜t]), formerly known as Kobdo[1] or Khobdo, is the capital of the Khovd Province of Mongolia. It is the administrative seat of the Jargalant sum.
Geography and climate
edit
Khovd is situated at the foot of the Altay Mountains, and is bisected by the Buyant River. The Khar-Us Lake is located approximately 25 km (15.5 mi) east of Khovd and is the site of a Strictly Protected Area (Mongolian Government designation), called the Mankhan Nature Preserve.[citation needed]
In 1992, as the result of the Mongolian government passing a series of administrative and land reforms, Khovd was integrated as part of the Jargalant sum created in the area. The total city area is 80 km2 (30.8 mi2.)
According to the Köppen climate classification, Khovd has a cold desert climate, marked with long, dry, frigid winters and short warm summers. Precipitation is minimal and very heavily concentrated in summer.
| Climate data for Khovd (1991-2020, extremes 1936-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.9 (48.0) |
13.1 (55.6) |
19.4 (66.9) |
29.6 (85.3) |
31.1 (88.0) |
37.6 (99.7) |
37.0 (98.6) |
35.5 (95.9) |
32.4 (90.3) |
26.1 (79.0) |
18.0 (64.4) |
14.3 (57.7) |
37.6 (99.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −16.1 (3.0) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
13.3 (55.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
25.0 (77.0) |
26.4 (79.5) |
24.6 (76.3) |
18.6 (65.5) |
10.1 (50.2) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
8.4 (47.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −23 (−9) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
6.1 (43.0) |
12.7 (54.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
20.3 (68.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
2.9 (37.2) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
1.6 (34.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −27.7 (−17.9) |
−23.2 (−9.8) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−1 (30) |
5.7 (42.3) |
11.8 (53.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
11.5 (52.7) |
4.7 (40.5) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−13.5 (7.7) |
−23 (−9) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45.1 (−49.2) |
−45.1 (−49.2) |
−31.7 (−25.1) |
−20.6 (−5.1) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
0.0 (32.0) |
2.5 (36.5) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−25.5 (−13.9) |
−34.1 (−29.4) |
−41.4 (−42.5) |
−45.1 (−49.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1 (0.0) |
2 (0.1) |
3 (0.1) |
7 (0.3) |
14 (0.6) |
26 (1.0) |
35 (1.4) |
26 (1.0) |
10 (0.4) |
4 (0.2) |
2 (0.1) |
2 (0.1) |
132 (5.3) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 4.7 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 32.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 76.4 | 71.0 | 52.4 | 40.2 | 39.9 | 44.8 | 49.5 | 49.5 | 46.8 | 50.9 | 64.1 | 73.8 | 54.9 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 171.6 | 196.3 | 255.2 | 266.8 | 300.4 | 300.1 | 302.1 | 298.0 | 269.7 | 230.9 | 180.3 | 151.0 | 2,922.4 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 5.5 | 6.9 | 8.2 | 8.9 | 9.7 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 7.4 | 6.0 | 4.9 | 8.0 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[2] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun 1961-1990),[3][4] Deutscher Wetterdienst (daily sun 1961-1990)[5] | |||||||||||||
History
editThe city was established by Galdan Boshogtu Khan of Dzungaria in the 17th century on the bank of the river Khovd in what is now Erdenebüren sum. Horticulture was developed around city Khovd using the land cultivating experience from Taranchi and Central Asian captives. The city was 'moved' by the Qing administration after destruction of the Dzungar Khanate after 1757 on to the bank of the river Buyant. On 7 August 1912, the Mongol troops under leadership of Manlai Baatur Damdinsuren, Khatanbaatar Magsarjav and Ja Lama Dambiijantsan captured the city of Khovd, destroyed all the Manchu-Chinese garrisons and abolished the governance of the Qing-appointed amban.[6]
Population
editThe city had a population of 26,023 in 2000 (2000 census), 30,479 in 2003 (est.) and 28,601 in 2007.[7] The 2010 population was recorded at 29,046.
In 2005, Jargalant sum (the centre of Khovd Aimag) had 32,351 inhabitants (6,675 households), belonging to more than ten ethnic groups and nationalities such as Uuld, Khalkh, Zakhchin, Torguud, Uriankhai, Myangad, Dörbet, Bayads, Kazak, Chantuu and Üzemchin.[9]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 884.
- ^ КЛИМАТ ХОВДА (in Russian). Pogoda.ru.net. Archived from the original on 27 March 2024. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ "Khovd Climate Normals 1973-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
- ^ "Ulgii Climate Normals 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Choibalsan (Tschoibalsan) / Mongolei" (PDF). Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
- ^ Haines, R Spencer (2016). "The Physical Remains of the Zunghar Legacy in Central Eurasia: Some Notes from the Field". Paper presented at the Social and Environmental Changes on the Mongolian Plateau Workshop, Canberra, ACT, Australia. The Australian National University.
- ^ Khovd Aimag Statistical Office 2007 Annual Report
- ^ "Khovd General Information 2010 **population found on page 48".
- ^ Dr Jörg Janzen (2006). "Feasibility Assessment of Sustainable Use of Land and Water in the Buyant River Delta, Khovd Aimag" (PDF). National University of Mongolia. p. 138. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 August 2007.
