Joseph Willard (December 29, 1738 – September 25, 1804) was an American Congregational clergyman and academic. He was president of Harvard from 1781 until 1804.
Joseph Willard | |
|---|---|
| 11th President of Harvard University | |
| Preceded by | Samuel Langdon |
| Succeeded by | Eliphalet Pearson |
| Personal details | |
| Born | December 29, 1738 Biddeford, Province of Maine, British America |
| Died | September 25, 1804 (aged 65) New Bedford, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Dummer Academy |
| Signature |  |
Biography
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Willard was born December 29, 1738, in Biddeford, York County (at that time part of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, but subsequently the state of Maine) into one of the most illustrious families in Colonial Massachusetts. His parents were Reverend Samuel Willard (1705-1741) and Abigail Willard (née Sherman). One of his great-grandfathers was another Reverend Samuel Willard, and his great-great-grandfather was Major Simon Willard.
Joseph's father died when he was two years old and one year later his mother remarried to a Rev. Richard Elvins. Joseph was educated at the Dummer Academy (now known as The Governor's Academy). Through the generosity of friends he entered Harvard College, where he received a B.A. in 1765, and an M.A. in 1768. He was a tutor at Harvard until 1772, when he began serving as pastor at the First Congregational Church in Beverly, Massachusetts. In 1780 he was a charter member[1] and first corresponding secretary of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1785, he was awarded a Doctor of Divinity degree from Harvard and in 1791, a Doctor of Laws degree from Yale University.
In 1781, he became president of Harvard, in which he served until his death. His tenure was marked by his institution of a dress code (due to his disapproval of the brightly colored silk garments often worn by pupils) consisting of blue-gray coats, and breeches and waistcoats in four approved colors. In 1789, he was recorded as owning an enslaved man named Cesar.[2] When delivering the 1799 commencement address, Willard broke with tradition and delivered it in English, rather than the customary Latin. In 1804, Willard was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia.[3]
Joseph Willard died in New Bedford, Massachusetts on September 25, 1804.[4]
His great-grandfather Samuel Willard had served as Acting President of Harvard from 1701 until his own death in 1707.
Willard was the father of Cambridge Mayor Sidney Willard.[5][6]
Works
editHe published a few sermons, a Latin address on the death of George Washington, prefixed to David Tappan's Discourse (Cambridge, 1800), and mathematical and astronomical papers in the Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. He was a sound Greek scholar, and left a Greek grammar in manuscript.
See also
edit- Descendants of Simon Willard (1605–1676)
Notes
edit- ^ "Charter of Incorporation of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences". American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on June 17, 2018. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
- ^ "List of Human Beings Enslaved by Prominent Harvard Affiliates" (PDF). radcliffe-harvard-edu-prod.s3.amazonaws.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2022. Retrieved August 25, 2022.
- ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
- ^ The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. Vol. VI. James T. White & Company. 1896. pp. 416–417. Retrieved November 30, 2020 – via Google Books.
- ^ Palmer, Joseph (1864), Necrology of Alumni of Harvard College, 1851-52 to 1862-63, Boston, MA: Joseph Palmer; Printed by JOHN WILSON AND SON, p. 113
- ^ Willard Genealogy, Sequel to Willard Memoir, by Joseph Willard and Charles Wilkes Walker, Edited and completed by Charles Henry Pope; Printed for the Willard Family Assn., Boston, MA, 1915, Murray and Emery, Kendall Sq., Cambridge, MA, Digital Edition 2001 by Richard Bingham, Oceanport, NJ
References
edit- Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1889). . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton. This source gives his birth date as January 9, 1738.