John Styles (17 March 1782 – 22 June 1849) was an English Congregational minister and animal welfare writer.
John Styles | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 17 March 1782 Thrandeston, England |
| Died | 22 June 1849 (aged 67) Kennington, England |
| Alma mater | Aberdeen University |
| Occupation(s) | Congregational minister, writer |
Biography
editStyles was educated at Hoxton College.[1] Before the age of 20 he entered the ministry at Newport, Isle of Wight. During his career he was a pastor of independent churches at Brighton, Brixton, Clapham and Foleshill.[1][2] He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1844 by Aberdeen University.
In 1837, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) sponsored an essay competition, with a prize of £100, for the best essay encouraging greater kindness to animals (illustrating "the obligations of humanity as due to the brute creation").[3][4][5] Styles won the competition with his essay The Animal Creation: Its Claims on Our Humanity Stated and Enforced, an early work on animal welfare.[4] Historian Rod Preece described Styles as an early church animal welfare proponent.[6]
Styles based his arguments on Christian principles from the Bible, arguing that animals feel pain and suffer as humans do and that because God has given humans dominion over animals, they should treat them with benevolence and mercy.[4][5] Historian Anna Feuerstein has noted that "Styles compares humans to a shepherd, positioning animal welfare as pastoral power".[5] The book was positively reviewed in The Herald of Peace and The Monthly Review.[7][8]
Styles opposed all forms of hunting and vivisection.[3][4] He was not a vegetarian, but did criticise the luxuries of meat-eating. Rod Preece has suggested that Styles plagiarised from An Essay on Humanity to Animals (1798), by Thomas Young (1772–1835) of Trinity College, Cambridge, and that the SPCA jury did not notice the borrowings.[4][9]
Styles died at Kennington on 22 June 1849.
Selected publications
edit- An Essay on the Character and Influence of the Stage on Morals and Happiness (1807)
- An Essay on the Character and Influence of the Stage (1807)
- Memoirs of the Life of the Right Hon. George Canning (1828)
- The Animal Creation: Its Claims on Our Humanity Stated and Enforced (1839)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b The Characteristics and Dying Testimony of Peter: A Discourse Occasioned by the Death of Rev. John Styles, D. D. By John Sibree. The Baptist Magazine. Volume 41, 1849. p. 561
- ^ "The Surman Index Styles, John". surman.english.qmul.ac.uk.
- ^ a b Preece, Rod. (2011). Animal Sensibility and Inclusive Justice in the Age of Bernard Shaw. UBC Press. p. 98. ISBN 978-0-7748-2109-4
- ^ a b c d e Preece, Rod (2017). "John Styles". Awe for the Tiger, Love for the Lamb: A Chronicle of Sensibility to Animals. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-94363-5.
- ^ a b c Feuerstein, Anna. (2019). The Political Lives of Victorian Animals: Liberal Creatures in Literature and Culture. Cambridge University Press. pp. 63-64. ISBN 978-1-108-49296-6
- ^ Preece, Rod (2000). "The Status of Animals in Biblical and Christian Thought: A Study in Colliding Values". Society & Animals. 8 (3): 245–263. doi:10.1163/156853000511113.
- ^ "The Animal Creation: Its Claims on our Humanity Stated and Enforced. By the Rev. John Styles D.D." The Herald of Peace. 1: 331–333. 1839.
- ^ "The Animal Creation: Its Claims on our Humanity Stated and Enforced. By the Rev. John Styles D.D." The Monthly Review. 149: 145–146. 1839.
- ^ "Young, Thomas (YN789T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.