Jabal Zambar (Arabic: جبل زمبر) is a large hill in the Tel Afar District of Nineveh Province of northern Iraq. The name may also be rendered as Jabal or Jebel Sinbar, Zinbar or Zinbār, or Zambar Mountain.
| Jabal Zambar | |
|---|---|
  Jabal Zambar | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 543 metres (1,781 ft) |
| Coordinates | 36°21′36″N 42°32′17″E / 36.36°N 42.538056°E[1] |
| Naming | |
| Native name | جبل زمبر (Arabic) |
| Geography | |
| Location | Tel Afar District of Nineveh Province of northern Iraq |
Geography
edit
Jebel Zambar is in a transitional folded zone between the alpinotype area to the northeast and the Arabian Shield to the southwest.[2] This area holds the major anticlinal structures between the Tigris and the Al-Tharthar basin.[3] The zone includes Jebel Sinjar, Jebel Sinu, Jebel Sasan, Jebel Zambar, Jebel Sheik Ibrahim and Jebel Adaiya.[4] The Jebels Zambar and Ibrahim are sometimes treated as one structure.[5]
The Sanjar-Zambar mountain range includes the Teymurlenk (Tamerlane) hills, which contain the Turkmen city of Tal Afar.[6] Jabal Zambar is the highest point in the hilly area to the east of Tal Afar.[3] It is about 543 metres (1,781 ft) above sea level.[7] A shallow saddle to the northwest of Jebel Zambar divides it from the similar Jebel Sasan structure, which is about 10 by 7 kilometres (6.2 by 4.3 mi) in extent.[2]
History
editIn the late 1930s Germans drilled wells on the Zambar and Qusair structures west of Mosul towards Sinjar.[8] A feasibility study of the Mosul Dam project was to include a study of irrigating the northern catchment area of the Tharthar depression. This would include construction of a water supply tunnel under Jabal Zambar.[9] On 7 January 2006 twelve U.S, military personnel died when their UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter crashed on Zambar Mountain.[10][11]
References
editCitations
- ^ Jabal Zambar: Iraq, NGIA.
- ^ a b Journal of the Geological Society of Iraq 1976, p. 102.
- ^ a b Al-Sawaf 1977, p. 23.
- ^ Acta Universitatis Carolinae: Geologica 1978, p. 130.
- ^ Journal of the Geological Society of Iraq 1976, p. 101.
- ^ Orhan Ketene 2007.
- ^ Sitzungsberichte 1953, p. 392.
- ^ Longrigg 1967, p. 81.
- ^ Al-Sawaf 1977, p. 50.
- ^ Plaque XIII – U.S. Army Women’s Foundation 2007, p. 10.
- ^ Michael Ignatius Edwards.
Sources
- Acta Universitatis Carolinae: Geologica. Universita Karlova. 1978. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- Al-Sawaf, Fakhri D.S. (July 1977). "HYDROGEOLOGY OF SOUTH SINJAR PLAIN NORTHWEST IRAQ" (PDF). University College London. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- "Jabal Zambar: Iraq". National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- Journal of the Geological Society of Iraq. The Society. 1976. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- Longrigg, Stephen Hemsley (1967). Oil in the Middle East: its discovery and development. issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs [by] Oxford U.P. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- "Michael Ignatius Edwards". Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- Orhan Ketene (2007). "Turkmen and Turkmeneli" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- "Plaque XIII – U.S. Army Women's Foundation" (PDF). May 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-10. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
- Sitzungsberichte. Abt. 1, Biologie, Mineralogie, Erdkunde und verwandte Wissenschaften. 1953.