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Iran at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Iran competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 September to 18 September 2016.

Iran at the
2016 Summer Paralympics
IPC codeIRI
NPCI.R. Iran National Paralympic Committee
Websitewww.paralympic.ir
in Rio de Janeiro
Competitors110 in 12 sports
Flag bearer Eshrat Kordestani
Medals
Ranked 15th
Gold
8
Silver
9
Bronze
7
Total
24
Summer Paralympics appearances (overview)

Competitors

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Sport Men Women Total
Archery 4 3 7
Athletics 23 3 26
Cycling 1 0 1
Football 5-a-side 10 0 10
Football 7-a-side 12 0 12
Judo 3 0 3
Paracanoeing 0 1 1
Powerlifting 6 0 6
Shooting 2 4 6
Swimming 1 0 1
Volleyball 12 12 24
Wheelchair basketball 12 0 12
Total 87 23 110

Medalists

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The death of Para-cyclist

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Iranian Para-cyclist Bahman Golbarnezhad died following an accident during men's C4/C5 road race at the Rio 2016 Paralympics. He was involved in a serious crash on Saturday (17 September) and sustained severe injuries to his neck. The 48-year-old rider received emergency treatment at the scene before being transported to hospital where he succumbed to his injuries. Following Golbarnezhad's passing, the Iranian flag has been lowered to half-mast in the Paralympic Village. The Paralympic flag will also be flown at half-mast in the Paralympic Village and at the Riocentro venue, where Iran played Bosnia and Herzegovina in the sitting volleyball gold medal match on Sunday (18 September).

Disability classifications

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Main article: Disability sport classification

Every participant at the Paralympics has their disability grouped into one of five disability categories; amputation, the condition may be congenital or sustained through injury or illness; cerebral palsy; wheelchair athletes, there is often overlap between this and other categories; visual impairment, including blindness; Les autres, any physical disability that does not fall strictly under one of the other categories, for example dwarfism or multiple sclerosis.[1][2] Each Paralympic sport then has its own classifications, dependent upon the specific physical demands of competition. Events are given a code, made of numbers and letters, describing the type of event and classification of the athletes competing. Some sports, such as athletics, divide athletes by both the category and severity of their disabilities, other sports, for example swimming, group competitors from different categories together, the only separation being based on the severity of the disability.[3]

Archery

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Main article: Archery at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Iran earned a spot in archery at both the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games at the 2015 Asian Archery Championships as a result of performance of Zahra Nemati at the event. She also carried the Iranian flag into the Olympic opening ceremony. Should she compete in both, she will be the first archer to do so since Italy's Paola Fantato did this at the 1996 Summer Paralympics.[4][5] She took up the sport in 2006, two years after a spinal-cord injury that occurred during an accident. Prior to that, she competed in taekwondo where she had a black belt. Six months after taking up the sport, she won the Iranian national championships. She competed at the 2011 Archery World Championships, and set four world records at the Italy hosted event.[4] She will go to Rio as a defending Paralympic gold medalist in the women's individual recurve W1/W2, and bronze medalist in the women's team recurve open. She also won gold at the 2013 World Championships in Bangkok, Thailand. She also won a bronze medal at the same event.[4]

Men

Athlete Event Ranking round Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Finals
Score Seed Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Rank
Gholamreza Rahimi Individual recurve open 624 5   Kim (KOR)
W 6–2 		  Yu (CHN)
W 6–0 		  Ueyama (JPN)
W 6–2 		  Ranjbar (IRI)
W 6–4 		  Netsiri (THA)
W 7–3 		 
Ebrahim Ranjbar 637 1   Jonasts (LAT)
W 6–2 		  Phillips (GBR)
W 6–4 		  Sawicki (POL)
W 7–3 		  Rahimi (IRI)
L 6–4 		  Rezende (BRA)
W 7–1 		 
Majid Kakoosh Individual compound W1 628 7 —   Hatem (FRA)
W 131–129 		  Drahoninsky (CZE)
L 144–124 		Did not advance
Hadi Nori Individual compound open 685 3   Yahaya (MAS)
W 136–126 		  Ai (CHN)
L 138–134 		Did not advance

Women

Athlete Event Ranking round Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Finals
Score Seed Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Opposition
score 		Rank
Mohadeseh Kohansal Individual recurve open 541 24   Eroglu (TUR)
W 6–2 		  Dzoba-Balyan (UKR)
L 0–6 		Did not advance
Zahra Nemati 627 2   Valiyeva (AZE)
W 6–0 		  Jo (KOR)
W 6–0 		  Mijno (ITA)
W 6–4 		  Lee (KOR)
W 6–0 		  Wu (CHN)
W 6–4 		 
Somayeh Abbaspour Individual compound open 657 2 Bye   Kupczyk (GER)
W 140–129 		  Grinham (GBR)
W 137–136 		  Lin (CHN)
L 137–129 		  Kim (KOR)
L 140–138 		4

Mixed

Athlete Event Ranking Round Round of 16 Quarterfinals Semifinals Finals
Score Seed Opposition
Score 		Opposition
Score 		Opposition
Score 		Opposition
Score 		Rank
Zahra Nemati
Ebrahim Ranjbar 		Team recurve open 1264 1   France (FRA)
W 6–0 		  Great Britain (GBR)
W 5–4 		  Italy (ITA)
W 6–0 		  China (CHN)
L 3–5 		 
Somayeh Abbaspour
Hadi Nori 		Team compound open 1342 1 Bye   South Korea (KOR)
L 148–153 		Did not advance

Athletics

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Main article: Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

The following 24 men and 3 woman will represent Iran at 2016 Summer Paralympics. A total of 27 athletes will compete for Iran at the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

Men

Track

Athlete

(Guide)

Events Heat Final
Time Rank Time Rank
Hamid Eslami

(Hossein Salehi Manesh)

1500m T11 DSQ Did not advance
Peyman Nasiri Bazanjani 1500m T20 — 3:56.24  
Ahmad Ojaghloo 100m T47 11.22 5 Q 11.27 8

Field

Athlete Events Result Rank
Saman Pakbaz Shot Put – F12 15.98  
Yunes Seifipour Shot Put – F32 8.40 5
Siamak Saleh-Farajzadeh Shot Put – F34 10.65 6
Mohsen Hosseinipanah Shot Put – F35 13.14 5
Mehran Nekouei Majd 14.54 4
Sajad Mohammadian Shot Put – F42 14.31  
Asadollah Azimi Shot Put – F53 8.14  
Alireza Mokhtari 7.87 SB 4
Jalil Bagheri Shot Put – F55 11.16 SB 6
Hamed Amiri 11.40 WR  
Javid Ehsani Shakib Shot Put – F57 14.13 PB  
Mohsen Kaedi Shot Put – F34 10.70 5
Javelin Throw – F34 33.42 SB  
Sajjad Nikparast Javelin Throw – F13 62.74 SB  
Javad Hardani Javelin Throw – F38 48.46 PB  
Mohammad Fathi Ganji Javelin Throw – F46 54.67 PB 4
Mohammad Khalvandi Javelin Throw – F57 46.12 WR  
Abdollah Heydari 43.77  
Ali Mohammadyari Discus Throw Throw – F56 NM -
Alireza Ghaleh Naseri 44.04  
Ali Olfatnia Long Jump – T37 5.52 SB 9

Women

Athlete Events Result Rank
Batul Jahangiri Shot Put – F33 4.57 6
Hashemieh Mottaghian Javelin Throw – F56 19.83 4
Maryam Soltani Javelin Throw – F34 15.00 7

Cycling

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Main article: Cycling at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

With one pathway for qualification being one highest ranked NPCs on the UCI Para-Cycling male and female Nations Ranking Lists on 31 December 2014, Iran qualified for the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, assuming they continued to meet all other eligibility requirements.[6][7]

Athlete Event Time Rank
Bahman Golbarnezhad Men's road race C4-5 DNF -
Men's time trial C4 46:03.62 14

5-a-side football

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Main article: 5-a-side football at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Iran qualified for the Paralympics after finishing first at the 2015 IBSA Blind Football Asian Championships. Iran opened round robin play 5–0 win against Malaysia. Next, they drew 0–0 with Japan. Their third game saw them crush India 10–0. They then drew 0–0 with China. Their last game of group play was a 4–0 win against South Korea. Their win put them second in round robin play. They met China in a single placement final, which they won in a 1–0 penalty shootout. Iran's Ahmadreza Shahhosseini was given the tournament's Golden Boot as the tournament's top scorer. The team was coached by Javad Felfeli with Mohammadreza Shaddelbasir the team's guide.[8][9]

The following is the Iran squad in the football 5-a-side tournament of the 2016 Summer Paralympics.[10]

No. Pos. Player Class Date of birth (age)
1 GK Meysam Shojaeiyan Sighted (1988-10-22)22 October 1988 (aged 27)
2 DF Amir Pourrazavi B1 (1985-03-26)26 March 1985 (aged 31)
4 DF Mohammadreza Mehninasab B1 (1995-04-21)21 April 1995 (aged 21)
7 FW Hossein Rajabpour B1 (1986-09-05)5 September 1986 (aged 30)
8 DF Mohammad Heidari B1 (1984-03-21)21 March 1984 (aged 32)
9 FW Sadegh Rahimighasr B1 (1995-05-27)27 May 1995 (aged 21)
10 FW Behzad Zadaliasghari B1 (1988-06-05)5 June 1988 (aged 28)
11 DF Ahmadreza Shahhosseini B1 (1990-03-06)6 March 1990 (aged 26)
12 FW Rasool Baseri B1 (1996-07-28)28 July 1996 (aged 20)
13 GK Akbar Shoushtari Sighted (1984-08-12)12 August 1984 (aged 32)
Pos Team
 Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1   Brazil (H) 3 2 1 0 5 1 +4 7 Semi finals
2   Iran 3 1 2 0 2 0 +2 5
3   Turkey 3 0 2 1 1 3 −2 2 5th–6th place match
4   Morocco 3 0 1 2 2 6 −4 1 7th–8th place match
Source: Paralympic.org
(H) Hosts
Turkey  0–0  Iran
Report
Attendance: 2,811
Referee: Lucio Morgado (Brazil)
Morocco  0–2  Iran
Report
Attendance: 2,374
Referee: Mariano Travaglino (Argentina)
Brazil  0–0  Iran
Report
Attendance: 2,355
Referee: Mariano Travaglino (Argentina)
Semi-final
Argentina  0–0  Iran
Report
Penalties
 1–2
Attendance: 2,907
Referee: Lucio Morgado (Brazil)
Gold medal match
Brazil  1–0  Iran
Ricardinho   12' Report
Attendance: 3,118
Referee: Mariano Travaglino (Argentina)

7-a-side football

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Main article: 7-a-side football at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Iran qualified for the 2016 Rio Games following the suspension of Russia. The IPC ruled that there could not be a redraw for the groups. This resulted in Iran being put into Group A with the Netherlands, Argentina and the United States.[11]

Iran goes to Rio as reigning 2008 and 2012 Paralympic bronze medalists. They had missed out on qualification for Rio initially because they had visa issues that did not allow them to participate in the IFCPF World Championships, and there were not enough teams to allow for a viable Asian qualifying competition. The IFCPF said in their rationale for picking Iran that it would increase continental inclusion from 2 to 3, and they would be replacing one potential medalist with another potential medalist.[11] Iran goes into the tournament ranked 12th in the world.[12]

Pos Team
 Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1   Iran 3 3 0 0 7 1 +6 9 Semi finals
2   Netherlands 3 1 1 1 4 4 0 4
3   Argentina 3 1 0 2 4 7 −3 3 5th–6th place match
4   United States 3 0 1 2 4 7 −3 1 7th–8th place match
Source: Paralympic.org

Judo

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Main article: Judo at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Athlete Event Preliminaries Quarterfinals Semifinals Repechage
Final 		Final / BM
Opposition
Result 		Opposition
Result 		Opposition
Result 		Opposition
Result 		Opposition
Result 		Rank
Seyed Omid Nouri Jafari Men's 81 kg   Junk (GER)
W 1113–0001 		  Lee (KOR)
L 0003–0002 		Did not advance   Khalilov (UZB)
W 0111–0021 		  Kosinov (UKR)
L 000–100 		5
Hamed Alizadeh Men's 100 kg   Porter (USA)
W 0s1–110 		  Fernandez Sastre (CUB)
L 11s3–0s2 		Did not advance   Abdullakhanli (AZE)
L 0s1–0s2 		Did not advance
Hamzeh Nadri Men's +100 kg   Montero (VEN)
W 0–101 		  Jimenez (CUB)
L 0–0s1 		Did not advance   Albdoor (IRQ)
W 0s4–100 		  Masaki (JPN)
L 0s2–100 		5

Paracanoeing

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Main article: Paracanoeing at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Iran earned a qualifying spot at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in this sport following their performance at the 2015 ICF Canoe Sprint & Paracanoe World Championships in Milan, Italy where the top six finishers in each Paralympic event earned a qualifying spot for their nation. Shahla Behrouzirad earned the spot for Iran after finishing sixth in the women's KL3 event.[13][14]

Women

Athlete Event Heats Semi-Finals Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Shahla Behrouzirad Women's KL3 58.900 5 56.580 5 Did not advance

Powerlifting

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Main article: Powerlifting at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Siamand Rahman worked on qualifying for the 2016 Games at the 2015 IPC Powerlifting Asian Open Championships. Competing in the men's over 107 kg event, he set a new world record of 295 kg on his way to winning gold.[15]

Athlete Event Total lifted Rank
Hamzeh Mohammadi Men's –65 kg 187 kg 4
Majid Farzin Men's –80 kg 240 kg WR  
Seyedhamed Solhipouravanji Men's –88 kg NM -
Saman Razi Men's –97 kg 221 kg 4
Ali Sadeghzadeh Men's –107 kg 226 kg  
Siamand Rahman Men's +107 kg 310 kg WR PR  

Shooting

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Main article: Shooting at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

The first opportunity to qualify for shooting at the Rio Games took place at the 2014 IPC Shooting World Championships in Suhl. Shooters earned spots for their NPC. Iran earned a qualifying spot at this event in the P2 – 10m Air Pistol Women SH1 event as a result of Sareh Javanmardi winning a gold medal.[16][17][18]

The country sent shooters to 2015 IPC IPC Shooting World Cup in Osijek, Croatia, where Rio direct qualification was also available. They earned a qualifying spot at this event based on the performance of Samira Eram in the P2 – 10m Air Pistol Women SH1 event. Because no woman qualified based on the criteria in P3 – 25m Pistol Mixed SH1 event at this competition, an extra spot on the women's side was given in the P4 – 50m Pistol Mixed SH1. Iran's Alieh Mahmoudi acquired this spot for her country.[17][19]

The third opportunity for direct qualification for shooters to the Rio Paralympics took place at the 2015 IPC IPC Shooting World Cup in Sydney, Australia. At this competition, Mahdi Zamani earned a qualifying spot for their country in the P1- Men's 10m Air Pistol SH1 event. Masoumeh Khodabakhshi earned another qualifying spot for Iran in the R4- Mixed 10m Air Rifle Standing SH2 event.[17][20]

Athlete Event Qualification Final
Score Rank Score Rank
Mahdi Zamanishurabi Men's 10m air pistol SH1 551-7x 24 Did not advance
Sareh Javanmardi Women's 10m air pistol SH1 376-8x 2 Q 193.4 FPR  
Mixed 50m pistol SH1 534-3x 3 Q 189.5  
Samira Eram Women's 10m air pistol SH1 358-4x 16 Did not advance
Alieh Mahmoudikordkheili Women's 10m air pistol SH1 376-9x 1 Q 72.7 8
Mixed 50m pistol SH1 522-7x 12 Did not advance
Masoumeh Khodabakhshi Mixed 10m Air Rifle Standing SH2 627.0 14 Did not advance

Swimming

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Main article: Swimming at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Athlete Events Heats Final
Time Rank Time Rank
Shahin Izadyar 50 m freestyle S10 25.32 4 Did not advance
100 m breaststroke SB9 1:09.63 5 Q 1:10.82 8

Sitting volleyball

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Main article: Sitting volleyball at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Men

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Iran men's national sitting volleyball team qualified for the 2016 Games at the World Championships.[21] Iran men's national sitting volleyball team were also in the qualification run for the 2016 Summer Paralympics at the 2014 Asian Para-Games, losing the gold medal match in sets of 25–12, 25–20, 29–27 against China men's national sitting volleyball team.[22]

Pos Team
 Pld W L Pts SW SL SR SPW SPL SPR Qualification
1   Iran 3 3 0 6 9 0 MAX 228 173 1.318 Semi-finals
2   Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 2 1 5 6 3 2.000 206 184 1.120
3   Ukraine 3 1 2 4 3 8 0.375 237 265 0.894 Classification 5th / 6th
4   China 3 0 3 3 2 9 0.222 216 265 0.815 Classification 7th / 8th
Source: Paralympic.org
10 September 2016
10:00 		Iran   3–0   China Riocentro - Pavilion 6, Rio de Janeiro
(25–22, 25–13, 25–14)
Report
12 September 2016
20:30 		Iran   3–0   Bosnia and Herzegovina Riocentro - Pavilion 6, Rio de Janeiro
(25–17, 25–22, 25–17)
Report
14 September 2016
20:30 		Ukraine   0–3   Iran Riocentro - Pavilion 6, Rio de Janeiro
(22–25, 26–28, 20–25)
Report

Women

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Iran women's national sitting volleyball team qualified for the 2016 Summer Paralympics after reaching the finals of the 2014 Asian Para Games, the first time the women's team had qualified for the Paralympics.[21][23] They won the event, after beating China who had previously qualified for the 2016 Games at the world championships earlier in the year in sets of 25–15, 25–12, and 25–15. Maleki Zeinab Dizicheh was one of the team's key players in the tournament.[21][22] In the year before the Games, the team trained in Isfahan, where there were 20 members at camp along with players from the junior national team.[23] Warm up events for the team include the March 2015 Intercontinental Cup.[23]

Pos Team
 Pld W L Pts SW SL SR SPW SPL SPR Qualification
1   China 3 3 0 6 9 2 4.500 246 169 1.456 Semi-finals
2   United States 3 2 1 5 8 3 2.667 256 156 1.641
3   Iran 3 1 2 4 3 6 0.500 160 197 0.812 Classification 5th / 6th
4   Rwanda 3 0 3 3 0 9 0.000 85 225 0.378 Classification 7th / 8th
Source: Paralympic.org
10 September 2016
14:00 		United States   3-0   Iran Riocentro - Pavilion 6, Rio de Janeiro
(25–17, 25–13, 25–9)
Report
12 September 2016
10:00 		Rwanda   0–3   Iran Riocentro - Pavilion 6, Rio de Janeiro
(10–25, 19–25, 18–25)
Report
14 September 2016
14:00 		Iran   0–3   China Riocentro - Pavilion 6, Rio de Janeiro
(16–25, 19–25, 11–25)
Report

Wheelchair basketball

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Main article: Wheelchair basketball at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

The Iran men's national wheelchair basketball team has qualified for the 2016 Rio Paralympics.[24] During the draw, Brazil had the choice of which group they wanted to be in. They were partnered with Spain, who would be in the group Brazil did not select. Brazil chose Group B, which included Iran, the United States, Great Britain, Germany and Algeria. That left Spain in Group A with Australia, Canada, Turkey, the Netherlands and Japan.[25]

Pos Team
 Pld W L PF PA PD Pts Qualification
1   United States 5 5 0 402 206 +196 10 Quarter-finals
2   Great Britain 5 4 1 364 263 +101 9
3   Brazil (H) 5 2 3 309 314 −5 7[a]
4   Germany 5 2 3 337 314 +23 7[a]
5   Iran 5 2 3 295 361 −66 7[a] 9th/10th place playoff
6   Algeria 5 0 5 187 436 −249 5 11th/12th place playoff
Source: Paralympic.org
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head results; 3) Points difference; 4) Points scored.
(H) Hosts
Notes:
  1. ^ a b c Head-to-head record: Brazil 3 pts, +11 PD; Germany 3 pts, +6 PD; Iran 3 pts, −17 PD

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Paralympics categories explained". ABC. 3 September 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  2. ^ "Making sense of the categories". BBC Sport. 6 October 2000. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  3. ^ "A-Z of Paralympic classification". BBC Sport. 28 August 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  4. ^ a b c "Zahra Nemati". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  5. ^ "Donaueschingen Awards 82 Rio 2016 Paralympic Quota Places". World Archery Federation. 26 August 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  6. ^ "Cycling Qualification" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  7. ^ "Ranking — PARA — Cycling 2014". UCI. 31 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  8. ^ "Blind Football Qualifying" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  9. ^ "IBSA Blind Football Asian Championships 2015, Tokyo, Japan" (PDF). International Blind Sports Association. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  10. ^ "Men's Football 5-a-side – Team Rosters – Iran". Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  11. ^ a b "Rio2016 Football 7-a-side vacant slots". CP Football. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  12. ^ "Ranking". CP Football. Archived from the original on 2015-07-26. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  13. ^ "CANOE Qualification" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  14. ^ "2015 ICF Canoe Sprint & Paracanoe World Championships — Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Qualifier" (PDF). International Canoe Federation. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  15. ^ "The Paralympian" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2015. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  16. ^ "Shooters from 28 countries claim 63 spots at Rio 2016 Paralympic Games". Rio 2016. Archived from the original on 11 September 2014. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  17. ^ a b c "Shooting Qualification" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  18. ^ "Official Results Book" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 31 December 2014. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
  19. ^ "2015 IPC IPC Shooting World Cup in Osijek, Croatia Official Results Book" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 15 July 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
  20. ^ "2015 IPC IPC Shooting World Cup in Sydney, Australia Official Results Book" (PDF). International Paralympic Committee. 20 September 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
  21. ^ a b c "Who is Rio bound for Sitting Volleyball?". World Para Volleyball. 17 August 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
  22. ^ a b "Iran and China dominate at Incheon". World Para Volleyball. 6 November 2014. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  23. ^ a b c "Female sitting volleyballers qualify for Rio 2016". Rio 2016 Official Website. 8 November 2015. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  24. ^ "Rio 2016 Paralympic Games". Wheelchair Basketball Canada. 2015. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  25. ^ "Groups drawn for wheelchair basketball at Rio 2016 Paralympic Games". Rio 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
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