Ilan Ben-Zvi

Ilan Ben-Zvi is an accelerator physicist and academic. He was the associate chair for accelerator R&D at the Collider-Accelerator Department (C-AD), and is a distinguished scientist emeritus at the Collider-Accelerator Department (C-AD) at Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Ilan Ben-Zvi
Born	1941 Israel
Nationality	American
Academic background
Education	B.S., Mathematics and Physics M.S., Physics Ph.D., Nuclear Physics
Alma mater	Hebrew University of Jerusalem Weizmann Institute of Science
Academic work
Institutions	Weizmann Institute of Science, Stanford University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, University of Washington, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, DESY, CERN

Ben-Zvi is most known for his work on accelerator physics, experimental physics, and beam physics. He has authored or co-authored over 650 papers. Ben-Zvi was awarded the 2007 Free-electron laser Prize for his contributions to the field of Free-Electron Lasers. In 2023 He was given the Dieter Möhl Medal "Dieter Möhl Awards 2023". Cool Conference 2023 (CERN). for his outstanding contributions to the development of high-energy electron cooling. Ben-Zvi is a Life Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

Early life and education

Ben-Zvi completed his Bachelor's in Physics and Mathemetics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In 1970, he obtained a Ph.D. in Physics from the Weizmann Institute of Science under the supervision of Gvirol Goldring.

Scientific career

Ben-Zvi worked on a very broad front of accelerator and beam physics and in a large number of universities, national laboratories and particle accelerators. He worked on accelerator physics of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) at Stanford University, where he developed the superconducting reentrant cavity and beam dynamics of heavy ion linacs. At the Weizmann Institute of Science he developed accelerator elements such as a chopper-buncher system for an electrostatic accelerator. At the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro Ben-Zvi introduced the SRF QWR, enabling the APLI machine. At DESY he developed the current leads for the superconducting HERA (particle accelerator). At Stony Brook University as a Visiting Associate Professor (1980-1982) he was on a team building a superconducting heavy ion linac and developed the first superconducting Quarter Wave Resonator (QWR). At the University of Washington he worked on new types of Quarter Wave Resonators, superconducting resonator controllers and cryostats.Again at Stony Brook as a Visiting Professor (1988-1990) he developed the first SRF Radio Frequency Quadrupole, which was tested and formed the basis for the PIAVE injector of APLI. Ben-Zvi served as a BNL Professor at Stony Brook University from 2010 to 2020. At Brookhaven National Laboratory he led the construction of the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF), originally established by Robert Palmer and Claudio Pellegrini, served as its director for fifteen years and eventually elevated it to a United States Department of Energy National User Facility. At this facility he pioneered laser acceleration of particles, advanced beam instrumentation and laser-beam interactions. He also led various aspects of Free-electron laser, including the High-Gain Harmonic Generation FEL, high brightness electron sources, laser photocathodes and on developing electron cooling for the RHIC collider, as well as carry out research and development for the Electron-Ion Collider. At CERN he initiated the double quarter wave crab cavity, self-excited loop cavity control system and ferroelectric fast reactive tuners.

Community service

Ilan Ben-Zvi served the accelerator and beam physics community in various capacities. Some examples follow:

• At the Division of Physics of Beams of the American Physical Society he Served as the Secretary-Treasurer from 1999 to 2002, was on the inaugural Editorial Board of the journal Physical Review Accelerators and Beams and as Divisional Associate Editor for Physical Review Letters, from 2010 to 2016.
• At the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Nuclear and Physics Plasma Society (NPSS) Ben-Zvi Served as Chair, Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Committee, of the NPSS from 2005 to 2009. In this capacity he established the Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Doctoral Student Award and served as chair of its prize committee from 2008 for ten years. He also chaired the NPSS Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Award Committee starting on 2005 for thirteen years, Member, IEEE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Award Committee, 2014 – 2016 and Chair of same Committee, 2017-2019.
• Ilan Ben-Zvi served on various national advisory committees: Member, National Academy of Sciences Committee for the Scientific Assessment of High-power Free-electron laser Technology, 2007-2008, member, High Energy Physics Advisory Panel, United States Department of Energy, 2013-2015.
• Ben-Zvi served on various international committees: Member, Advisory Committee on TRIUMF, National Research Council Canada, 2013-2015, chair of the FLASHForward Scientific Advisory Board,DESY 2014-2017 and member, DESY (Hamburg) Machine Advisory Committee, 2019-2020, and at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro on the International Advisory Committee on the APLI Positive Ion Injector, in 1996 as Chair and in 1997 as member, at Daresbury Laboratory as member, Cockcroft Institute Science Advisory Committee from 2006 to 2009.
• In 1996/1997, Ben-Zvi initiated the archival of accelerator conference proceedings on the World Wide Web, later to become known as JACoW

Awards and honors

• 1994 – Fellow, American Physical Society
• 1999 – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Society Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Award
• 2001 – Brookhaven National Laboratory Science and Technology Award
• 2007 – Free-electron laser Prize, International Free Electron Laser Conference
• 2007 – Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science
• 2008 – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Society Merit Award
• 2008 – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Fellow
• 2022 – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Life Fellow
• 2023 - Dieter Möhl Medal "Dieter Möhl Awards 2023". Cool Conference 2023 (CERN).

PhD Graduate students

• Qiu, Xu Joe (Ph.D. 1997, Studies of High Brightness Electron Beams at the ATF)
• Doyuran, Adnan (Ph.D. 2000, The High-Gain Harmonic Generation FEL Experiment)
• Xiangyun Chang (Ph.D. 2005, High-Power, High-Current Electron Guns)
• Rama Calaga (Ph.D. 2006, Linear Beam Dynamics and Ampere Class SRF Cavities @RHIC)
• Gang Wang (Ph.D.2008, Coherent Electron Cooling / Two Stream Instabilities Due to Cooling)
• Tianmu Xin (Ph.D. 2016, Electron Source based on Superconducting RF)
• Omer Habib (Ph.D. 2016, Funneling electron beams from GaAs photocathodes)
• Jyoti Biswas (Ph.D. 2020, Progress towards long-lifetime, high-current polarized-electron source)

Master's Graduate students

Shi, Zudan; Wang, Haipeng; Babzien, Marcus; Kusche, Karl; Grimes, Jacob; Johnson, Elliott; Liang, Xue.

Bibliography

Articles, editorial work and book chapters

• Ben-Zvi authored or co-authored over 650 articles, including over 170 articles in peer-reviewed journals.
• Ben-Zvi, I. Editor, UV Free-Electron Laser Preliminary Design Report. BNL NSLS Informal Report (2/93). [BNL-48565]
• Ben-Zvi, I., and Winick, H., Eds. Towards Short Wavelength Free-Electron Lasers. Proceedings of Towards Short Wavelengths FELS Workshop, May 21–22, 1993, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY. (1993). [BNL-49651]
• Ben-Zvi, I., and Krinsky, S., Guest editors, Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Free Electron Laser Conference, New York, NY, USA, August 21–25, 1995, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1996, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A375.
• Ben-Zvi, I., Photoinjectors, in Accelerator Physics technology and Applications, A.W. Chao, H.O. Moserand Z. Zhao, Eds., World Scientific 2004, ISBN 981-238-794-3.
• Ben-Zvi, I., Photoinjectors, In Femtosecond Beam Science, M. Uesaka Ed., World Scientific 2005, ISBN 1-86094-343-8.

Selected articles

Original superconducting microwave cavities

• I. Ben-Zvi, P.H. Ceperley and H.A. Schwettman. The design of re-entrant cavities. Particle Accelerators 7, No.3 (1976).
• I. Ben-Zvi and J.M. Brennan. The quarter wave resonator as a superconducting linac element. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A212, 73 (1983).
• I. Ben-Zvi. A superconducting RFQ for an ECR injector. Particle Accelerators 23 No. 4, 265 (1988).
• Binping Xiao, Luís Alberty, Sergey Belomestnykh, Ilan Ben-Zvi, Rama Calaga, Chris Cullen, Ofelia Capatina, Lee Hammons, Zenghai Li, Carlos Marques, John Skaritka, Silvia Verdú-Andres, and Qiong Wu, Design, prototyping, and testing of a compact superconducting double quarter wave crab cavity, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 18, 041004 (2015)

Advanced beam instrumentation

• X. Qiu, K. Batchelor, I. Ben-Zvi and X.J. Wang, Demonstration of emittance compensation through the measurement of the slice emittance of a 10 picosecond electron bunch, Physical Review Letters 76 No. 20, 3723, (1996)
• M. Babzien, I. Ben-Zvi, R. Malone, X.-J. Wang, V. Yakimenko, Recent progress in emittance control of the photoelectron beam using transverse laser shape modulation and tomography technique, Proc. of the 1999 Particle Accelerator Conference, A. Luccio, W. MacKay, Editors, 2158, (1999)
• P. Catravas, W.P. Leemans, J.S. Wurtele, M.S. Zolotorev, M. Babzien, I. Ben-Zvi, Z. Segalov, X.J. Wang, V. Yakimenko, Measurement of Electron-Beam Bunch Length and Emittance Using Shot-Noise-Driven Fluctuations in Incoherent Radiation, Physical Review Letters 82 no. 26, 5261, (1999)

High brightness electron beams

• Wang, X. J., Qiu, X., & Ben-Zvi, I. (1996). Experimental observation of high-brightness microbunching in a photocathode rf electron gun. Physical Review E, 54(4), R3121.
• 12. I. Petrushina, V. N. Litvinenko, Y. Jing, J. Ma, I. Pinayev, K. Shih, G. Wang, Y. H. Wu, Z. Altinbas, J. C. Brutus, S. Belomestnykh, A. Di Lieto, P. Inacker, J. Jamilkowski, G. Mahler, M. Mapes, T. Miller, G. Narayan, M. Paniccia, T. Roser, F. Severino, J. Skaritka, L. Smart, K. Smith, V. Soria, Y. Than, J. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, B. Xiao, T. Xin, I. Ben-Zvi, C. Boulware, T. Grimm, K. Mihara, D. Kayran, and T. Rao, High-Brightness Continuous-Wave Electron Beams from Superconducting Radio-Frequency Photoemission Gun, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 244801, (2020)

Electron sources

• E. Wang, V. N. Litvinenko, I. Pinayev, M. Gaowei, J. Skaritka, S. Belomestnykh, I. Ben-Zvi, J. C. Brutus, Y. Jing, J. Biswas, J. Ma, G. Narayan, I. Petrushina, O. Rahman, T. Xin, T. Rao, F. Severino, K. Shih, K. Smith, G. Wang & Y. Wu, Long lifetime of bialkali photocathodes operating in high gradient Superconducting Radio Frequency gun, Nature, Scientific Reports 11, Article number: 4477 (2021)
• Erdong Wang, Ilan Ben-Zvi, Triveni Rao, D.A. Dimitrov, Xiangyun Chang, Qiong Wu, Tianmu Xin, Secondary-electron emission from hydrogen-terminated diamond: Experiments and model, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 14, 111301 (2011)
• Omer Rahman, Erdong Wang, Ilan Ben-Zvi, et al. Increasing charge lifetime in dc polarized electron guns by offsetting the anode, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 22, 083401 (2019)

Laser based acceleration and radiation

• Pogorelsky, I. V., Ben-Zvi, I., Hirose, T., Kashiwagi, S., Yakimenko, V., Kusche, K., ... & Cline, D. (2000). Demonstration of 8x10^{18} photons/second peaked at 1.8 Å in a relativistic Thomson scattering experiment. Physical Review Special Topics-Accelerators and Beams, 3(9), 090702.
• W. D. Kimura, A. van Steenbergen, M. Babzien, I. Ben-Zvi, L. P. Campbell, D. B. Cline, C. E. Dilley, J. C. Gallardo, S. C. Gottschalk, P. He, K. P. Kusche, Y. Liu, R. H. Pantell, I. V. Pogorelsky, D. C. Quimby, J. Skaritka, L. C. Steinhauer, and V. Yakimenko, First Staging of Two Laser Accelerators, Physical Review Letters 86 no. 18, 4041 (2001)

Free-Electron Lasers

• I. Ben-Zvi, K.M. Yang and L.H. Yu, The ‘Fresh-Bunch’ Technique in FELs, Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A318, 726 (1992). BNL 46688.
• Yu, L. H., Babzien, M., Ben-Zvi, I., DiMauro, L. F., Doyuran, A., Graves, W., ... & Vasserman, I. (2000). High-gain harmonic-generation free-electron laser. Science, 289(5481), 932–934.
• Nuhn, H. D. (2002). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) Conceptual Design Report (No. SLAC-R-593). SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States).

Accelerators and Colliders

• Ben-Zvi, I. Kewisch, J. Murphy and S. Peggs, Accelerator Physics Issues in eRHIC, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A463, 94 (2001), C-A/AP/14.
• Fernandez, J. A., Adolphsen, C., Akay, A. N., Aksakal, H., Albacete, J. L., Alekhin, S., ... & Sultansoy, S. (2012). A large hadron electron collider at CERN report on the physics and design concepts for machine and detector. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 39(7), 075001.

Electron cooling

• I. Ben-Zvi, High-Current ERL-Based Electron Cooling System for RHIC, Proceedings, International Cooling Workshop, Galena, IL, September 18-23, 2005. AIP Conference Proceedings, 821, pp. 75-84, 2006
• A.V. Fedotov et al, Experimental Demonstration of Hadron Beam Cooling Using Radio-Frequency Accelerated Electron Bunches. Physical Review Letters 124, 084801 (2020)

Multipacting

• I. Ben-Zvi, J.F. Crawford and J.P. Turneaure, Electron multiplication in cavities. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-20, 8, 54 (1973).
• Damayanti Naik and Ilan Ben-Zvi, Suppressing multipacting in a 56 MHz quarter wave resonator, Physical Review Special Topics-Accelerators and Beams 13, 052001 (2010)

Cryogenics

• I. Ben-Zvi, B.V. Elkonin, J.S. Sokolowski and D. Sellmann. Current leads for HERA. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A276, 53, (1989)
• I. Ben-Zvi, B.V. Elkonin, J.S. Sokolowski and N. Pundak. Large diameter horizontal helium cryostats. Cryogenics 21, 213 (1981).

Control of accelerator cavities

• Ilan Ben-Zvi, Graeme Burt, Alejandro Castilla, Alick Macpherson, and Nicholas Shipman, Conceptual design of a high reactive-power ferroelectric fast reactive tuner, Physical Review Accelerators and Beams 27, 052001 (2024)
• G. Bassato, R. Ponchia and I. Ben-Zvi, A microprocessor based controller for superconducting resonators. Proc. Fourth Workshop on rf Superconductivity, KEK Tsukuba, Japan p. 467 (1989).
• I. Ben-Zvi, J. Xie and R. Zhang, Feed Forward RF Control System of the Accelerator Test Facility, Proceedings 1991 Particle Accelerator Conference, IEEE 91CH3038-7 p. 1323.