Hy is a dialect of the Lisp programming language designed to interact with Python by translating s-expressions into Python's abstract syntax tree (AST).[2][3] Hy was introduced at Python Conference (PyCon) 2013 by Paul Tagliamonte.[4] Lisp allows operating on code as data (metaprogramming), thus Hy can be used to write domain-specific languages.[5]
 Hy logo – Cuddles the cuttlefish | |
| Paradigm | Multi-paradigm: procedural, functional, object-oriented, meta, reflective, generic |
|---|---|
| Family | Lisp |
| Designed by | Paul Tagliamonte |
| Developers | Core team |
| First appeared | 2013 |
| Stable release | 1.0.0[1] 
/ 22 September 2024 |
| Scope | lexical, optionally dynamic[citation needed] |
| Platform | IA-32, x86-64 |
| OS | Cross-platform |
| License | MIT-style |
| Filename extensions | .hy |
| Website | hylang |
| Influenced by | |
| Kawa, Clojure, Common Lisp | |
Similar to Kawa's and Clojure's mappings onto the Java virtual machine (JVM),[6][7] Hy is meant to operate as a transparent Lisp front-end for Python.[8] It allows Python libraries, including the standard library, to be imported and accessed alongside Hy code with a compiling[note 1] step where both languages are converted into Python's AST.[note 2][9][10][11]
Example code
editFrom the language documentation:[12]
=> (print "Hy!")
Hy!
=> (defn salutationsnm [name] (print (+ "Hy " name "!")))
=> (salutationsnm "YourName")
Hy YourName!
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ "Hy 1.0.0, the Lisp dialect for Python, has been released · hylang hy · Discussion #2608". Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- ^ Jaworski, Michał; Ziadé, Tarek (2019). Expert Python programming (Third ed.). Birmingham, U.K.: Packt Publishing. p. 173. ISBN 978-1-78980-677-9. OCLC 1125343555.
- ^ Danjou, Julien (2018). Serious Python: black-belt advice on deployment, scalability, testing, and more. San Francisco, CA: No Starch Press. pp. 145–149. ISBN 9781593278793. OCLC 1057729260.
- ^ Tagliamonte, Paul (2 April 2013). PyCon lightning talk (Speech). Python Conference (PyCon). Santa Clara. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- ^ Tagliamonte, Paul (11 April 2014). Getting Hy on Python: How to implement a Lisp front-end to Python (Speech). PyCon. Montreal. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- ^ Turto, Tuukka (14 February 2014). "Programming Can Be Fun with Hy". Open Source For You. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- ^ Watson, Mark (2020). A Lisp Programmer Living in Python-Land: The Hy Programming Language (PDF). LeanBooks.
- ^ Edge, Jake (30 April 2014). "Getting Hy on Python". LWN.net. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- ^ "Hy Documentation". hylang.org. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^ Danjou, Julien (26 March 2014). "The AST". The Hacker's Guide to Python. pp. 165–172.
- ^ Kitchin, John (31 March 2016). "More on Hy and why I think it is a big deal". The Kitchin Research Group. Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
- ^ "Quickstart". Hylang.org. 15 May 2018. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
External links
edit| 1958 | 1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LISP 1, 1.5, LISP 2(abandoned) | |||||||||||||||
| Maclisp | |||||||||||||||
| Interlisp | |||||||||||||||
| MDL | |||||||||||||||
| Lisp Machine Lisp | |||||||||||||||
| Scheme | R5RS | R6RS | R7RS small | ||||||||||||
| NIL | |||||||||||||||
| ZIL (Zork Implementation Language) | |||||||||||||||
| Franz Lisp | |||||||||||||||
| Common Lisp | ANSI standard | ||||||||||||||
| Le Lisp | |||||||||||||||
| MIT Scheme | |||||||||||||||
| XLISP | |||||||||||||||
| T | |||||||||||||||
| Chez Scheme | |||||||||||||||
| Emacs Lisp | |||||||||||||||
| AutoLISP | |||||||||||||||
| PicoLisp | |||||||||||||||
| Gambit | |||||||||||||||
| EuLisp | |||||||||||||||
| ISLISP | |||||||||||||||
| OpenLisp | |||||||||||||||
| PLT Scheme | Racket | ||||||||||||||
| newLISP | |||||||||||||||
| GNU Guile | |||||||||||||||
| Visual LISP | |||||||||||||||
| Clojure | |||||||||||||||
| Arc | |||||||||||||||
| LFE | |||||||||||||||
| Hy | |||||||||||||||