The Feast of the Holy Translators (Armenian: Սուրբ Թարգմանչաց տօն, Surb T'argmanchats ton) is dedicated to a group of literary figures, and saints of the Armenian Apostolic Church, who founded the Armenian alphabet, translated the Bible, and started a movement of writing and translating important works into Armenian language.[1] The earliest Bible in Armenian is dated 981 (Matenadaran № 2679).[2]
The Holy Translators are:
- Mesrop Mashtots
- Koriun, author of Life of Mashtots
- Eznik of Kolb, author of On God (1280)[3]
- Ghazar Parpetsi, author of History of the Armenians (1200)[4]
- Isaac of Armenia
- Gregory of Narek, author of Commentary on the Song of Songs (977) and Book of Lamentations (1002)[5]
- Movses Khorenatsi, author of History of the Armenians (12th century)[6]
- Yeghishe, author of History of Vardan and the Armenian War (1172)[7]
- David the Invincible
- Nerses IV the Gracious
- Gregory the Illuminator
The translation of the Bible was finished by the Holy Translators in 425. The first words written in Armenian were the opening line of the Book of Proverbs:
Ճանաչել զիմաստութիւն եւ զխրատ, իմանալ զբանս հանճարոյ:
Čanačʿel zimastutʿiwn ew zxrat, imanal zbans hančaroy.
«To know wisdom and instruction; to perceive the words of understanding.»— Proverbs 1:2.
The first Armenian translation of the Bible, among the world's oldest, has survived and is still used in the liturgy of the Armenian Church.[8]
The Armenian Church remembers Holy Translators on the Feast of the Holy Translators in October. Churches of Holy Translators are established in Armenia and different diaspora communities (USA,[9] Iran[10] etc.).
According to Dennis Papazian, "the Holy Translators are highly revered in the Armenian church. Many of the works translated have since been lost in their Greek or Syriac original, but have been preserved in the Armenian."[11]
References
edit- ^ The Armenian Church. Holy Translators Archived 2009-04-06 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ R. Marsden, E. A. Matter (2012). The New Cambridge History of the Bible: From 600 to 1450. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 1316175863. pp. 314-315
- ^ Bagrewand), Eznik (Koghbatsʻi, Bishop of (1998). A Treatise on God Written in Armenian by Eznik of Kołb (floruit C.430-c.450). Peeters Publishers. pp. 17–18. ISBN 978-90-429-0013-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Ghazar (Pʻarpetsʻi) (1991). The History of Łazar Pʻarpecʻi. Scholars Press. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-1-55540-579-3.
- ^ Thomson, Robert W. (1994). Studies in Armenian Literature and Christianity. Variorum. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-86078-411-1.
- ^ The Armenian Review. Hairenik Association. 1979. p. 153.
- ^ Ghazar (Pʻarpetsʻi) (1991). The History of Łazar Pʻarpecʻi. Scholars Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-55540-579-3.
- ^ The heritage of Armenian literature, by Agop Jack Hacikyan, Gabriel Basmajian, Edward S. Franchuk and Nourhan Ouzounian, Wayne State University Press, 2005, p. 96
- ^ "The Armenian Church of Holy Translators". Archived from the original on 2016-10-13. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
- ^ Armenian Churches in Asia
- ^ Armenians Archived 2001-11-11 at the Library of Congress Web Archives, by Prof. Dennis R. Papazian