The Holiday Inn Beirut is a ruined high rise hotel in Beirut, Lebanon on Omar Daouk Street in the central Minet el Hosn neighborhood of the north-western corner of the downtown district of Beirut overlooking the Corniche seafront area on the Mediterranean Sea. The Holiday Inn operated in full-fledged service for less than a year before the Lebanese Civil War broke out in 1975.[1]
History
editThe hotel was constructed between 1971 and 1974 by Lebanese developer Abdal Mohsin Kattan[2] and designed by French architect André Wogenscky, working with Lebanese architect Maurice Hindié.[3] The 26-storey hotel included a revolving restaurant on the top floor, a nightclub on the 25th floor, and 400 guest rooms.[4] It was part of a mixed-use complex known as St. Charles City Center, including a cinema, offices, shops, restaurants, a supermarket. It was constructed on the site of the Hospital St Charles, which had been founded by the German religious order of Saint Charles Borromeo in 1908, but had moved to Baabda, north of Beirut, in 1963.[5] The Holiday Inn opened in 1974, at the height of Beirut's economic boom, when the city was the glamorous tourist center of the Middle East.
The Holiday Inn operated standardly for only a year before the civil war broke out in 1975, and by then, the hotel was in the focal point of a war zone beginning on October 25, 1975[4] in a months-long conflict known as the Battle of the Hotels, as over 25,000 combatants from pro-Palestinian and Christian militias fought for control of a group of towering luxury hotels including the Holiday Inn and the adjacent Phoenicia Inter-Continental, resulting in over 1,000 deaths (many of those who died were thrown from the top of the Holiday Inn)[2] and 2,000 injuries.[6] The hotel was seen as a heavily symbolic goal by both sides in the conflict, and fighting for it was fierce, finally ending on March 21, 1976.[7]
After the battle, the ruined hotel was stripped to its concrete skeleton by scavengers.[6] It became a battleground again during the 1982 Lebanon War between Al-Mourabitoun and Amal fighters. Since then, the hotel has remained a gutted, bullet-riddled ruin, looming over the city. The ownership of the structure is split. The Lebanese company that owns half of it, Compagnie Immobiliere Libanaise, wants to renovate it and convert it to condos, while the Kuwaiti group that owns the other half wants to demolish it and construct a new tower on the site.[6]
As a result of the disagreement, it remains empty and untouched, decades after the war and its brief year of operation; due to its strategic location in Beirut's city centre, the ruined hotel and its immediate surrounding ground level areas were declared a military zone under the control of the Lebanese Army, which currently restricts access to civilians.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Stoughton, India. "The scars of war on Lebanon's Holiday Inn". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-06-16.
- ^ a b Fordham, Alice (27 May 2014). "Beirut's Holiday Inn: Once Chic, Then Battered, Still Contested". NPR. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ El Soueidi, Elias (20 September 2014). "Memory and Commemoration: Holiday Inn, Beirut-Lebanon". Y Arch S. Archived from the original on 20 February 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ a b Holiday Inns Inc. v. Aetna Insurance Co., 571 (United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 19 September 1983).
- ^ "Holiday Inn-Saint Charles City Center: Hospitality". HotelGeopolitics. Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ a b c Nayel, Moe-Ali (1 May 2015). "Beirut's bullet-riddled Holiday Inn - a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 28". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ "Holiday Inn-Saint Charles City Center: Hostility". HotelGeopolitics. Archived from the original on 18 November 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
External links
edit
Media related to Hotel Holiday Inn Beirut at Wikimedia Commons- War Hotels: How the Holiday Inn became a symbol of the Lebanese Civil War (Aljazeera English documentary)
