Henry Normand MacLaurin

For his father (born with the same name), see Normand MacLaurin.

Brigadier-General Henry Normand MacLaurin (31 October 1878 – 27 April 1915) was an Australian barrister and an Australian Army colonel who served in the First World War. He was shot dead by a Turkish sniper at Gallipoli, and was posthumously promoted to brigadier general when all brigade commanders in the Australian Imperial Force were thus promoted.

Henry Normand MacLaurin
Portrait of MacLaurin by Florence Rodway
Born	(1878-10-31)31 October 1878 Sydney, Australia
Died	27 April 1915(1915-04-27) (aged 36) Anzac Cove, Ottoman Empire
Allegiance	Australia
Service / branch	Australian Army
Years of service	1899–1915
Rank	Brigadier General
Commands	1st Infantry Brigade (1914–15) 26th Infantry Regiment (1913–14)
Battles / wars	First World War Gallipoli Campaign Landing at Anzac Cove †
Awards	Mentioned in Despatches
Relations	Sir Henry Normand MacLaurin (father)

Early life

MacLaurin was born on 31 October 1878 in Sydney, Australia. He was the son of Sir Henry Normand MacLaurin, the chancellor of the University of Sydney. He was educated at Blair Lodge School, Polmont, Scotland; Sydney Grammar School; and the University of Sydney, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts. MacLaurin was later admitted to the bar in New South Wales and became a barrister.

Military career

MacLaurin enlisted in the New South Wales Scottish Rifles while still at university and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1899. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1900, captain in 1903 and major in 1908. On 1 July 1913, he took command of the 26th Infantry Regiment.

First World War

On 15 August 1914, MacLaurin joined the Australian Imperial Force as a full colonel and given command of the 1st Infantry Brigade.

MacLaurin was the youngest of the three original brigade commanders of the 1st Division, and more than ten years younger than any of his four battalion commanders. For a brigade major, he was given a British regular officer, Major Irvine of the Royal Engineers.

MacLaurin's brigade was the last to come ashore at Anzac Cove. By this time a crisis was developing and Major General William Bridges was ordering units to fill gaps almost as soon as they arrived ashore.

During the afternoon of 27 April 1915, when a Turkish counterattack threatened, Major Irvine collected 200 stray men in Monash Valley and was about to send them forward when the news arrived that the need for them had passed. Irvine went up to Steele's Post, where he observed the positions. He was warned about Turkish snipers, but brushed off the warnings and was quoted as saying "It's my business to be shot at". Soon after he was fatally wounded by a sniper.

Less than ten minutes later, MacLaurin was standing on the slopes of the ridge that now bears his name. Unaware of Irvine's fate, MacLaurin was in the act of warning soldiers to keep under cover when he too was shot dead, from the same point, possibly by the same Turkish sniper.

MacLaurin was buried by his men near where he fell in a grave marked with a simple wooden cross. In 1919, his remains were moved to the 4th Battalion Parade Ground Cemetery, on the slopes of Braund's Hill. For his services at Gallipoli he was Mentioned in Despatches. He was also posthumously awarded the 1914–15 Star, British War Medal and Victory Medal. Some weeks after his death, brigade commanders were upgraded from colonels to brigadier generals and MacLaurin was posthumously promoted to brigadier general.

Family

His father was Normand MacLaurin. His eldest brother – listed as his next of kin and one of the executors of his will – was Dr. Charles MacLaurin (1872–1925), a lecturer in medicine at the University of Sydney and the author of Postmortem and other books. His two younger brothers were H.C.H. MacLaurin and J.B. MacLaurin

See also

• List of Australian generals

External links

• Ross Mallett, Henry Norman MacLaurin Biography in General Officers of the First AIF, www.unsw.adfa.edu.au
• Colonel Henry Normand MacLaurin, Anzac Officers who died at Gallipoli, www.anzacs.org