Hemionitis is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Cheilanthoideae of the family Pteridaceae.[1] Its circumscription varies greatly in different systems of fern classification. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it was one of more than 20 genera in the subfamily Cheilanthoideae, and was said to have five species.[1] Other sources treat it as the only genus in the subfamily, and so accept about 450 species.[2] With the restricted circumscription, species are native to tropical America.[1]
| Hemionitis | |
|---|---|
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| Hemionitis palmata in the Botanical Garden Munich-Nymphenburg | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Family: | Pteridaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cheilanthoideae |
| Genus: | Hemionitis L.[1] |
| Species | |
Taxonomy
editThe genus Hemionitis was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.[3] The genus name is pre-Linnaean, being used for example in the Hortus Cliffortianus,[4] and derives from the Greek word ἡμίονος (hemionos), meaning 'mule', referring to the belief that the plants were sterile.[5] (Linnaeus used the same word in the name "Asplenium hemionitis".)
The division of the subfamily Cheilanthoideae into genera varies greatly between sources as of January 2020[update]. Christenhusz et al. (2011), the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), and the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World divide the subfamily into 20 or more genera, of which one is Hemionitis sensu stricto.[6][1][7] On the other hand, Christenhusz et al. (2018) and Plants of the World Online use Hemionitis sensu lato as a catch-all genus for the subfamily, resulting in about 450 species.[8][2]
Species
editUsing the PPG I approach, as of January 2020[update], the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World accepted the following species (and one hybrid) in Hemionitis sensu stricto. All are native to tropical America.[7]
- Hemionitis levyi E.Fourn.
- Hemionitis palmata L.
- Hemionitis pinnatifida Baker
- Hemionitis rufa (L.) Sw.
- Hemionitis tomentosa (Lam.) Raddi
- Hemionitis umbrosa R.Y.Hirai & J.Prado
- Hemionitis × smithii (Trevis.) C.Chr. = H. palmata × H. rufa
References
edit- ^ a b c d e PPG I (2016), "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns", Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 54 (6): 563–603, doi:10.1111/jse.12229, S2CID 39980610
- ^ a b "Hemionitis L.", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2020-01-06
- ^ "Hemionitis L.", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2020-01-06
- ^ Linnaeus, Carl (1753), "Hemionitis", Species Plantarum 2, p. 1077, retrieved 2020-01-06
- ^ Hyam, R. & Pankhurst, R.J. (1995), Plants and their names: a concise dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 235, ISBN 978-0-19-866189-4
- ^ Christenhusz, Maarten; Zhang, Xian-Chun & Schneider, Harald (2011), "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns", Phytotaxa, 19: 7–54, doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2, retrieved 2013-08-11
- ^ a b Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (January 2020). "Hemionitis". Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. 8.20. Archived from the original on 2017-09-02. Retrieved 2020-01-02.
- ^ Christenhusz, M.J.M.; Fay, M.F. & Byng, J.W., eds. (2018), "GLOVAP nomenclature. Part 1", The Global Flora: A Practical Flora to Vascular Plant Species of the World, 4: 1–155