Hakusan (白山市, Hakusan-shi) is a city located in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2018[update], the city had an estimated population of 113,375 in 43246 households, and a population density of 290 persons per km2.[2] The total area of the city was 754.93 square kilometres (291.48 sq mi). It is the second-most populous city in Ishikawa Prefecture after Kanazawa.
Hakusan
白山市 | |
|---|---|
 Hakusan City Hall | |
 Flag  Emblem | |
 Location of Hakusan in Ishikawa Prefecture | |
  Hakusan | |
| Coordinates: 36°30′59.9″N 136°33′56.1″E / 36.516639°N 136.565583°E | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Chūbu (Hokuriku) |
| Prefecture | Ishikawa Prefecture |
| First official recorded | 91 BC |
| Matsutō city settled | October 10, 1970 |
| Changed to current name | February 1, 2005 |
| Government | |
| • - Mayor | Toshikazu Tamura |
| Area | |
• Total | 754.93 km2 (291.48 sq mi) |
| Population (December 31, 2019) | |
• Total | 113,715[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 076-276-1111 |
| Address | 2-1 Kuramitsu, Hakusan-shi, Ishikawa-ken 924-8688 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | Official website |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Japanese bush-warbler |
| Flower | Morning glory |
| Tree | Japanese beech |
Geography
editHakusan is located in southwestern Ishikawa Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan and is bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west and Fukui Prefecture to the south, and Gifu Prefecture and Toyama Prefectures to the east. The southeastern portion of the city is dominated by high mountains. Parts of the city are within the borders of Hakusan National Park.
Neighbouring municipalities
edit- Fukui Prefecture
- Gifu Prefecture
- Ishikawa Prefecture
- Toyama Prefecture
Climate
editHakusan has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Hakusan is 14.2 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2542 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.8 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.9 °C.[3]
| Climate data for Hakusan (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.9 (64.2) |
19.6 (67.3) |
23.9 (75.0) |
29.6 (85.3) |
32.2 (90.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
37.3 (99.1) |
37.4 (99.3) |
35.5 (95.9) |
31.7 (89.1) |
25.5 (77.9) |
23.9 (75.0) |
37.4 (99.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) |
5.9 (42.6) |
10.4 (50.7) |
17.0 (62.6) |
22.2 (72.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
30.5 (86.9) |
26.2 (79.2) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
8.2 (46.8) |
17.9 (64.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
1.8 (35.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
11.3 (52.3) |
16.6 (61.9) |
20.2 (68.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.2 (77.4) |
21.1 (70.0) |
15.3 (59.5) |
9.7 (49.5) |
4.3 (39.7) |
13.0 (55.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
0.8 (33.4) |
5.9 (42.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.2 (61.2) |
20.5 (68.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
17.2 (63.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
5.6 (42.1) |
1.2 (34.2) |
9.0 (48.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −10.0 (14.0) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
1.5 (34.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
13.6 (56.5) |
13.7 (56.7) |
7.8 (46.0) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 340.5 (13.41) |
210.2 (8.28) |
195.6 (7.70) |
167.7 (6.60) |
162.2 (6.39) |
208.7 (8.22) |
290.8 (11.45) |
224.4 (8.83) |
235.6 (9.28) |
215.8 (8.50) |
277.9 (10.94) |
372.1 (14.65) |
2,901.4 (114.23) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 217 (85) |
155 (61) |
56 (22) |
2 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
1 (0.4) |
89 (35) |
518 (204) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 23.5 | 19.2 | 16.8 | 13.2 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 14.7 | 11.2 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 17.2 | 22.5 | 190 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 3 cm) | 17.8 | 14.9 | 6.8 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 8.0 | 47.9 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 51.2 | 74.6 | 120.9 | 175.0 | 196.9 | 139.0 | 139.8 | 186.1 | 138.6 | 137.5 | 99.5 | 56.3 | 1,515.4 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[4][5][6] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
editPer Japanese census data,[7] the population of Hakusan has recently plateaued after decades of strong growth.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 65,725 | — |
| 1980 | 81,286 | +23.7% |
| 1990 | 98,499 | +21.2% |
| 2000 | 106,977 | +8.6% |
| 2010 | 110,459 | +3.3% |
| 2020 | 110,408 | −0.0% |
History
editThe area around Hakusan was part of ancient Kaga Province. The area became part Kaga Domain under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. Following the Meiji restoration, the area was organised into Ishikawa District, Ishikawa. The town of Mattō was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. It became a city on October 10, 1970. On February 1, 2005, Mattō merged with the towns of Mikawa and Tsurugi, and the villages of Kawachi, Oguchi, Shiramine, Torigoe and Yoshinodani (all from Ishikawa District) to form the city of Hakusan.
Government
editHakusan has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 21 members.
Economy
editEizo and its subsidiary, Irem, have their headquarters in Hakusan.[8][9]
Education
editHakusan has 19 public elementary schools and ten middle schools operated by the city government, and three public high schools operated by the Ishikawa Prefectural Board of Education and one by the city government. There is also one private high school. Kinjo College, a private junior college is also located in Hakusan.
Transportation
editRailway
editEffective 16 March 2024, JR West no longer operates in Hakusan as its operations on the Hokuriku Main Line have since been transferred to the IR Ishikawa Railway.[10]
- Komaiko - Mikawa - Kaga-Kasama - Nishi-Mattō - Mattō
Hokuriku Railroad - Ishikawa Line
Highway
edit
Sister cities
edit
Local attractions
edit- Ishikawa Forest Experiment Station
- Hakusan, the "White Mountain" from which the merged city took its name.
- Hakusan National Park
- Matto Stadium is home to the city's major football club, FC Hokuriku (formerly Fervorosa Ishikawa, Fervorosa Hakusan and FC Goals) which competes in the Hokushinetsu Regional League.
- Tedori River
- Torigoe Castle ruins, a National Historic Site[11]
References
edit- ^ "人口および世帯数" (PDF). Hakusan City (in Japanese). Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ "Official statistics page". Archived from the original on 2019-08-05. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
- ^ Hakusan climate data
- ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved March 5, 2022.
- ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved March 5, 2022.
- ^ https://twitter.com/sayakasofiamori/status/1759534345298252150 [bare URL]
- ^ Hakusan population statistics
- ^ "Corporate Information Archived 2009-11-07 at the Wayback Machine." Eizo. Retrieved on October 20, 2009.
- ^ "About Irem." Irem. Retrieved on October 20, 2009.
- ^ "JR北陸本線の県内区間は16日から第３セクターに" [JR Hokuriku Main Line sections within Ishikawa Prefecture will move to third-sector operations from the 16th of March.]. NHK NEWS WEB (in Japanese). 16 March 2024. Archived from the original on 16 March 2024. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ 鳥越城跡 附二曲城跡. Cultural Heritage Online (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
External links
edit
Media related to Hakusan, Ishikawa at Wikimedia Commons
- Hakusan City official website Archived 2007-02-19 at the Wayback Machine (in Japanese)
- Hakusan City Tourist Information Guide