Luís Gonzaga Duque Estrada, known as Gonzaga Duque (21 June 1863, Rio de Janeiro - 29 September 1911, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian writer and critic. He was of Swedish descent on his father's side.
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Life and work
editAfter completing his primary education, he enrolled at the prestigious Colégio Abílio , then studied at the Colégio Meneses Vieira. He completed his studies at the Colégio Paixão in Petrópolis. It would appear that he never attended a university.
His best known work, the novel Mocidade Morta (1900, Dead Youth), deals with young artists during the Segundo Reinado , a period from 1840 to 1889, when the Republic of Brazil was established, and their opposition to the prevailing conservativism. The initial reviews were not kind; calling it boring, morbid and full of pseudo-intellectual chatter.[1] Later, it received some praise for its documentary value.[2] Recent criticism calls it a significant contribution to understanding the artistic community of late 19th century Brazil and its relationship to the outdated approaches taught at the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts.[3]
Eliseu Visconti (1911)
As a critic, he produced the first systematic examination of Brazilian art in his book A Arte Brasileira. This came during a period when the artists there were beginning to make a living entirely from the proceeds of their painting. In 1907, he was a co-founder of the cultural journal, Fon-Fon . Known to be an unsparing critic in the cause of modernism, his caustic comments about the works of João Zeferino da Costa, who worked in a conservative, classical style, discouraged Da Costa from ever exhibiting again.
A familiar face among Rio's artistic milieu, his portrait was painted by Eliseu Visconti, Belmiro de Almeida, Rodolfo Amoedo and Presciliano Silva , among others. The Brazilian art scholar, Vera Lins, has done a thorough study of his work, which is available online.
Bibliography
edit- A Arte Brasileira. São Paulo: Mercado de Letras, 1994.
- Mocidade Morta. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa, 1995
- Horto de Mágoas - contos, Vera Lins and Júlio Castañon Guimaraes, Eds. Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, 1996.
- Impressões de um Amador: textos esparsos de crítica, 1882-1909, Vera Lins and Júlio Castañon Guimaraes, Eds. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG, 2001.
- Revoluções brasileiras: resumos históricos. Francisco Foot Hardman and Vera Lins, Eds. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG, co-edição Giordano, 1998.
References
edit- ^ Merquior, José Guilherme. De Anchieta a Euclides - Breve História da Literatura Brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Livraria José Olympio Editora, 1977. P. 149.
- ^ Bosi, Alfredo; História Concisa da Literatura Brasileira. 33ª edição. São Paulo: Editora Cultrix, 1994. P. 294.
- ^ Duarte, Paulo Sergio. Gonzaga Duque: A contracorrente no fim do século XIX. Rio de Janeiro: 1995
Further reading
edit- Guimararães, Júlio Castañon. "Gonzaga Duque: ficção e crítica de artes plásticas". In: Carvalho, José Murilo de, et al. Sobre o pré-modernismo. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa, 1988.
- Lins, Vera. Gonzaga Duque: A Estratégia do Franco-Atirador. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Tempo Brasileiro, 1991. ISBN 978-85-282-0028-7
- Lins, Vera. Gonzaga Duque: crítica e utopia na virada do século. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa, 1996. ISBN 85-7004-182-9
- Vermeersch, Paula. Lista de artigos de Gonzaga Duque na Revista Kosmos. Rotunda. Campinas: Centro de Estudos de Pesquisa das Artes no Brasil (CEPAB), Instituto de Artes, Unicamp, 2003.
- Vermeersch, Paula. Por uma arte brasileira: a pintura acadêmica no final do Segundo Reinado e a crítica de Gonzaga Duque. Rotunda. Campinas: Centro de Estudos de Pesquisa das Artes no Brasil (CEPAB), Instituto de Artes, Unicamp, 2003.
External links
edit- Casa de Rui Barbosa: Vera Lins: Linhas cruzadas - decifrando o arquivo de Gonzaga Duque, Online.