George Ellsworth Boomer (1862–1915) was an American socialist journalist, newspaper editor, and political activist. Boomer is best remembered as a key participant in the formation of the Socialist Party of Washington and as its candidate for the Governor of Washington in 1908.
Biography
editEarly years
editGeorge Ellsworth Boomer was born November 29, 1862, in Lewiston, Maine, the son of workers in a cotton mill.[1] Due to the family's poverty, Boomer himself soon went to work in the mills, taking a job which paid him 65 cents for each 12-hour day.[1] Boomer attended school three months a year, as required by law, until he reached the age of 14, at which time he dropped out.[2]
Boomer worked for a time as a newsboy, a job which brought him into contact with the world of newspaper publishing. He eventually found a first job in the industry assisting with the production of the Greenback Labor Chronicle of Auburn, Maine.[2]
In the fall of 1882, Boomer moved to Providence, Rhode Island, where he joined the newly organized International Typographical Union the following year.[2] Boomer remained a member of that union throughout his life. He was a member of the Rhode Island Central Labor Union for 8 years and its president for 2.[2]
In June 1884, Boomer married Mary A. Vickery.[3]
Political career
edit
Boomer joined the Socialist Labor Party of America (SLP) in 1884.[2] Boomer ran on the SLP's ticket for Governor of Rhode Island for the first time in 1893.[1] Boomer also published the Providence SLP and trade unionist newspaper, Justice, for a period of three years.[2] In 1895, Boomer again ran for Governor of Rhode Island, heading the SLP ticket.[4] Boomer received more votes than any other SLP candidate in the election, a total of 1,709 out of about 43,000 ballots cast (4%).[4]
In 1896, Boomer published an independent socialist newspaper in Cumberland, Maryland, known as Uncle Sam.[2] He came into contact with J.A. Wayland in this capacity and in 1897 relocated to Southeast Kansas to work on the editorial staff of Wayland's popular socialist weekly, The Appeal to Reason.[1]
It was in this capacity that he learned of a group of devoted socialists, organized as the Brotherhood of the Cooperative Commonwealth (BCC), who sought to establish a socialist colony on the American frontier in the new state of Washington.[1] Boomer was smitten with the idea and he departed for the West Coast in the spring of 1898, bringing with him the knowledge of newspaper promotion which he had garnered in Girard under Wayland's employ.[1] Boomer took charge of the colony's newspaper, Industrial Freedom, and initiated Wayland-style folksy editorial patter to the front page, writing his column under the headline "Thoughts, by Your Uncle" while using the pseudonym "Uncle Sam."
Boomer was not long with the Equalty colony, however, soon departing rural Skagit County for a more close approximation of civilization in Tacoma when the colony refused to participate in political action.[2] In December 1898 Boomer established a short-lived new socialist newspaper in Tacoma, the Spirit of '76, a publication supportive of the SLP.[2]
Boomer never joined the Social Democratic Party of America headed by radical trade unionist Eugene V. Debs and Victor L. Berger, instead forming his own socialist educational organization — a group which maintained an independent existence until after the formation of the Socialist Party of America in the summer of 1901.[2] Boomer would merge his local group into the Socialist Party shortly after its formation.
In 1902, Boomer launched a new socialist weekly in Tacoma, The Sun.[5] He was elected to the first State Committee of the Socialist Party of Washington (SPW) and served two terms as the SPW's representative on the governing National Committee of the Socialist Party of America in 1902 and 1903. Although identified with the left wing of the party, Boomer was also recognized as a peacemaker, being dispatched to Utah by the National Committee in 1902 to help broker a truce between warring party factions in Utah.[3]
In 1903, Boomer, now married a second time to a woman 18 years his junior named Alice, headed east of the Cascades to Prosser, a small town in Central Washington.[3] There he switched the political orientation of the town's newspaper, the Prosser Record, from the Democratic Party to the Socialist Party and continued to edit it until 1909.[2] Boomer worked hard to modernize and expand his paper, moving to automated typesetting and expanding the paper from 4 pages to 8.[3] Circulation grew to 4,000.[3] During this interval Boomer also periodically contributed a column to The Socialist, the revolutionary socialist weekly published in Seattle by Hermon F. Titus, writing under the pen name "Uncle Sam."[6]
Boomer ran for Secretary of State of Washington in November 1904 on the ticket of the Socialist Party of America.[7] He ran at the top of the state party's ticket in 1908 as the Socialist nominee for Governor of Washington.[2] On the campaign trail in 1908, Boomer was rotten-egged by listeners hostile to his message in Ellensburg.[2]
The Boomers sold their newspaper in May 1909 and moved back across the Cascades to Seattle.[3] There George Boomer edited at least one issue of The Wage Worker, Titus's successor to The Socialist established after the decision of Washington's left wing socialists to bolt the 1909 Convention of the Socialist Party of Washington and to form instead a new organization, the Wage Workers Party.[6] Both the paper and the party proved to be short-lived.
The Boomers, baby daughter Mildred in tow, moved to Leavenworth, Washington, in 1910, where George worked as a printer.[3]
Boomer moved to Bremerton, Washington, in 1912 where he edited another local newspaper, the Kitsap County Leader.[6] While soapboxing in the nearby town of Port Townsend, Boomer was attacked by a soldier from the nearby fort, an event which caused outrage in the Socialist community when the local judge refused to issue an arrest warrant for the attacker, instead declaring from the bench that the Socialists should all be thrown into the bay and that he would be glad to assist.[8]
In 1913, Boomer returned to Seattle where he helped to edit The Barbarian, a left wing satirical weekly.[6] The following year he moved to Port Angeles, where he edited the Peninsula Free Press.
Boomer made one last political run as the Socialist Party's candidate for U.S. Congress in Washington's 2nd District in 1914.[9]
During his life, Boomer made four national speaking tours on behalf of the Socialist Party.[2]
Death and legacy
editGeorge Boomer died on April 5, 1915, in Port Angeles, Washington. He was just 52 years old at the time of his death.
Footnotes
edit- ^ a b c d e f Harvey O'Connor, Revolution in Seattle: A Memoir. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1964; pg. 17.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "George E. Boomer," The Commonwealth [Everett], whole no. 134 (July 24, 1913), pg. 4.
- ^ a b c d e f g Steven L., "Ungovernor, 1908: George Ellsworth Boomer," Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine Oly Blog, Olympia, WA. Retrieved April 15, 2010.
- ^ a b "Rhode Island: Interesting Sketch of the Late Elections," The People [New York], vol. 5, no. 4 (April 21, 1895), pg. 1.
- ^ Harvey O'Connor, Revolution in Seattle, pp. 17-18.
- ^ a b c d Harvey O'Connor, Revolution in Seattle, pg. 18.
- ^ "Socialist Ticket: D. Burgess, of Tacoma, Nominated for Governor," Aberdeen Herald, vol. 18, no. 75 (June 2, 1904), pg. 2.
- ^ News report in Everett Commonwealth, cited in O'Connor, Revolution in Seattle, pg. 18.
- ^ Lawrence Kestenbaum (ed.), "George E. Boomer, Political Graveyard.com, Ann Arbor, MI. Retrieved April 15, 2010.
Works
edit- Twin Progeny of Capitalist Individualism: Assassins and Hero Worshipers. Edmonds, WA: George E. Boomer, 1912.
Further reading
edit- "George E. Boomer," The Commonwealth [Everett], whole no. 134 (July 24, 1913), pg. 4.