Gülcemal Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: کل جمال قادین; "face of rose" c. 1826 – 29 November 1851) was a consort of Sultan Abdulmejid I, and the mother of Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire.[1]
| Gülcemal Kadın | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Born | c. 1826 Sarajevo, Bosnia | ||||
| Died | 29 November 1851 (aged 24–25) Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present day Istanbul, Turkey) | ||||
| Burial | Imperial ladies Mausoleum, New Mosque, Istanbul | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue |
| ||||
| |||||
| House | Ottoman (by marriage) | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Early life
editGülcemal was Bosnian.[2][3] She was also related to Sabit Bey, who became Master of Robes to her son Sultan Mehmed Reşad, and his sister, the Sultan's Sixth Hazinedar, Nevfer Kalfa.[4][5] She was blonde, known for her extraordinary beauty, but of delicate health.
Marriage
editGülcemal married Abdulmejid in 1840, and was given the title of "Third Ikbal". She was one of the most beloved consorts.
On 1 November 1840, she gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Fatma Sultan in the Old Beşiktaş Palace.[6][7]
In 1842, she was elevated to the title of "Second Ikbal". On 3 February 1842, she gave birth to two twins daughters, Refia Sultan and Hatice Sultan (who died as newborn) in the Old Beşiktaş Palace.[8][7]
In 1843 she was elevated to the title of "Fifth Kadın". On 2 November 1844, she gave birth to her fourth child, a son, Şehzade Mehmed Reşad (future Mehmed V) in the Old Çırağan Palace. In 1845, she was elevated to the title of "Fourth Kadın".[9][7]
In 1850, she gave birth her last child, a daughter, Rukiye Sultan, who died in same year.[10]
Death
editShe died of tuberculosis[3] on 29 November 1851 in Istanbul.[11][12] She was never Valide sultan to her son, because she died before Mehmed Reşad's accession to the Ottoman throne.[13] She is buried in the mausoleum of the imperial ladies at the New Mosque Istanbul.[3]
All the three of her alive children were adopted by Servetseza Kadın, first consort of Abdulmejid.[6][14]
Really beloved by Abdülmecid, he did everything to save her life. To her doctor, İsmail Paşah, he declared: ”… I have had the most genuine conversations with this woman. Since I was a youth, I have loved her with my all heart..“.
Legacy
editThe ocean liner SS Germanic (1874) was renamed Gul Djemal when she entered the Ottoman service in 1911, in memory of Gülcemal Kadın.[15] When the ship was sold yet again, this time to Turkiye Seyrisefain Idaresi, it was renamed Gulcemal.[16]
Issue
edit| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fatma Sultan | 1 November 1840[6][17][18] | 26 August 1884[19][18] | married twice, and had issue, one son and two daughters |
| Refia Sultan | 7 February 1842[8][17][20] | 4 January 1880[21][20] | Twin sister of Hatice Sultan, she married once, had a daughter |
| Hatice Sultan | 7 February 1842[8][17][20] [10] | 1842[21][20][10] | Twin sister of Refia Sultan |
| Mehmed V Reşad | 2 November 1844[9][17][20] | 3 July 1918[20] | 35th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire |
| Rukiye Sultan | 1850[10] | 1850[10] |
In literature
edit- Gülcemal is a character in Hıfzı Topuz's historical novel Abdülmecit: İmparatorluk Çökerken Sarayda 22 Yıl: Roman (2009).[22]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ John Freely (2001). Inside the Seraglio: private lives of the sultans in Istanbul. Penguin.
- ^ Açba 2007, p. 36.
- ^ a b c Brookes 2010, p. 282.
- ^ Brookes, Douglas S. (February 4, 2020). On the Sultan's Service: Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil's Memoir of the Ottoman Palace, 1909–1912. Indiana University Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-253-04553-9.
- ^ Brookes 2010, p. 239.
- ^ a b c Uluçay 2011, p. 218.
- ^ a b c Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 589.
- ^ a b c Uluçay 2011, p. 220.
- ^ a b Uluçay 2011, p. 209.
- ^ a b c d e Jamil ADRA (2005). Genealogy of the Imperial Ottoman Family 2005. p. 8.
- ^ Finkel, Caroline, Osman's Dream, (Basic Books, 2005), 57; "Istanbul was only adopted as the city's official name in 1930..".
- ^ Kolay, Arif (2017). Osmanlı Saray Hayatından Bir Kesit: Ali Akyıldız ve Mümin ve Müsrif Bir Padişah Kızı Refia Sultan. p. 680.
- ^ "Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 604-5.
- ^ Mukherjee, Somenath; Ashrama, Advaita. The Ships of Swami Vivekananda. Advaita Ashrama (A publication branch of Ramakrishna Math, Belur Math). ISBN 978-8-175-05904-7.
- ^ Clarkson, Andrew. "SS Germanic". titanic-titanic.com. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
- ^ a b c d Paşa 1960, p. 144.
- ^ a b Brookes 2010, p. 281.
- ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 219.
- ^ a b c d e f Brookes 2010, p. 288.
- ^ a b Uluçay 2011, p. 221.
- ^ Hıfzı Topuz (2009). Abdülmecit: İmparatorluk Çökerken Sarayda 22 Yıl: Roman. Remzi Kitabevi. p. 40. ISBN 978-975-14-1357-4.
Sources
edit- Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu Mülkün Kadın Sultanları: Vâlide Sultanlar, Hâtunlar, Hasekiler, Kandınefendiler, Sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-6-051-71079-2.
- Uluçay, M. Çağatay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ötüken. ISBN 978-9-754-37840-5.
- Brookes, Douglas Scott (2010). The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-78335-5.
- Paşa, Ahmed Cevdet (1960). Tezâkir. [2]. 13 - 20, Volume 2. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.