The Russian Federation has the fourth-largest exclusive economic zone of 7,566,673 km2 (2,921,509 sq mi) with 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) from its shores.[1]
Geography
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The EEZ borders with Norway, Finland, Sweden, Estonia, Lithuania and Poland to the west, the United States to the east, Japan, North Korea and South Korea to the south east and Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Turkey and Ukraine to the south.
| Territory | EEZ Area (km2) | EEZ Area (sq mi) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kaliningrad (Baltic Sea) | 11,634 | 4,492 | |
| Saint Petersburg (Baltic Sea) | 12,759 | 4,926 | |
| Barents Sea | 1,308,140 | 505,080 | |
| Black Sea (without the Crimean EEZ) | 66,854 | 25,812 | |
| Pacific Ocean | 3,419,202 | 1,320,161 | |
| Siberia | 3,277,292 | 1,265,370 | |
| Total | 7,566,673 | 4,701,712 | [2] |
Disputes
editActive
editJapan
editThere is a longstanding dispute with Japan over the southern part of the Kuril islands. The dispute dates back to the Soviet Union and the Yalta Agreement (February 1945). The United States maintains that until a peace treaty between Japan and Russia is concluded, the disputed Northern Territories remain under Russian control via General Order No. 1.[3]
Resolved
editNorway
edit- In 2010, the Norway and Russia dispute of both territorial sea and EEZ with regard to the Svalbard archipelago as it affects Russia's EEZ due to its unique treaty status was resolved. A treaty was agreed in principle in April 2010 between the two states and subsequently officially ratified, resolving this demarcation dispute.[4] The agreement was signed in Murmansk on 15 September 2010.[5]
Peanut Hole
edit- In the Sea of Okhotsk, a region outside the Russian EEZ, known as the Peanut Hole, was being exploited by other nations, due to fish from the Russian EEZ moving in and out of the Peanut Hole, and the hole being out of Russian jurisdiction. The UN later determined that the whole Peanut Hole was Russian in March 2014.[6][dubious – discuss]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Sea Around Us – Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". Archived from the original on 2 January 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
- ^ "Sea Around Us Project – Data and Visualization". Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
- ^ Bruce A. Elleman, Michael R. Nichols and Matthew J. Ouimet, A Historical Reevaluation of America's Role in the Kuril Islands Dispute, Pacific Affairs, Vol. 71, No. 4 (Winter, 1998–1999), pp. 489–504
- ^ Russia and Norway Reach Accord on Barents Sea, The New York Times, 28 April 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010
- ^ Russia and Norway resolve Arctic border dispute, The Guardian, 15 September 2010. Retrieved 21 September 2010
- ^ "Annex XI Draft Agreement on Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks (III)". United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. doi:10.1163/9789004249639_rwunclos_laos_9789041100351_641_672. Retrieved 28 May 2024.