Evarcha is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders) with 85 species (and one recognized subspecies) distributed across the world.[1]
| Evarcha | |
|---|---|
| |
| Evarcha albaria (female) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Evarcha Simon, 1902[1] |
| Type species | |
| Araneus falcatus Clerck, 1757
| |
| Diversity | |
| 85 species | |
Habitat
editThese spiders are often found on shrubs and short plants in damp areas, resting in silken cells.
Description
editSpiders in this genus generally look rather sturdy and are not very colorful, often brownish.
Evarcha culicivora can be an uncommon predator due to the fact it feeds on vertebrate blood by choosing blood-carrying mosquitoes as well-liked prey.[2]
Distribution
editMost species occur in Asia, Africa and parts of Europe, with E. amabilis and E. hoyi found only in the United States. E. proszynskii is found from Russia to Japan and Canada to United States.
Species
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As of April 2024[update], the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:
- Evarcha acuta Wesołowska, 2006 – Namibia
- Evarcha aegyptiaca (Prószyński 2018) – Egypt
- Evarcha alba (Peckham & Peckham, 1903) – Southern Africa
- Evarcha albaria (L. Koch, 1878) – Russia, China, Korea, Japan
- Evarcha amabilis (C. L. Koch, 1846) – United States
- Evarcha amanzi Wesołowska & Haddad, 2018 – South Africa
- Evarcha annae (Peckham & Peckham, 1903) – South Africa
- Evarcha aposto Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
- Evarcha arabica Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
- Evarcha arcuata (Clerck, 1757) – Palearctic
- Evarcha armeniaca Logunov, 1999 – Armenia, Azerbaijan
- Evarcha awashi Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
- Evarcha bakorensis Rollard & Wesołowska, 2002 – Guinea
- Evarcha besar (Prószyński, 2018) – Malaysia (Borneo)
- Evarcha bicoronata (Simon, 1901) – Hong Kong
- Evarcha bihastata Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 – Tanzania
- Evarcha brinki Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 – South Africa
- Evarcha bulbosa Zabka, 1985 – China, Vietnam
- Evarcha carbonaria (Lessert, 1927) – Congo
- Evarcha certa Rollard & Wesołowska, 2002 – Guinea
- Evarcha chappuisi Lessert, 1925 – East Africa
- Evarcha chiayiensis Chen, Lin & Ueng, 2021 – Taiwan
- Evarcha chubbi Lessert, 1925 – East Africa
- Evarcha coreana Seo, 1988 – China, Korea
- Evarcha crinita Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005 – Afghanistan
- Evarcha culicivora Wesołowska & Jackson, 2003 – Kenya
- Evarcha darinurica Logunov, 2001 – Afghanistan
- Evarcha dena Zamani, 2017 – Iran
- Evarcha denticulata Wesołowska & Haddad, 2013 – South Africa
- Evarcha dubia (Kulczynski, 1901) – Ethiopia
- Evarcha eriki Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is.
- Evarcha falcata (Clerck, 1757) – Palearctic
- Evarcha fasciata Seo, 1992 – China, Korea, Japan
- Evarcha flagellaris Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 – South Africa
- Evarcha flavocincta (C. L. Koch, 1846) – China to Java
- Evarcha gausapata (Thorell, 1890) – Sumatra, Java
- Evarcha grandis Wesołowska & A. Russell-Smith, 2011 – Nigeria
- Evarcha heteropogon Simon, 1903 –Vietnam
- Evarcha hoyi (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – USA, Canada
- Evarcha hyllinella Strand, 1913 – Lombok
- Evarcha idanrensis Wesołowska & A. Russell-Smith, 2011 – Nigeria
- Evarcha ignea Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008 – Zimbabwe
- Evarcha improcera Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
- Evarcha infrastriata (Keyserling, 1881) – Queensland
- Evarcha insularis (Metzner, 1999) – Greece, Turkey, Iraq, Iran
- Evarcha jucunda (Lucas, 1846) – Mediterranean, introduced in Belgium
- Evarcha karas Wesołowska, 2011 – Namibia
- Evarcha kirghisica Rakov, 1997 – Kyrgyzstan
- Evarcha kochi Simon, 1902 – Java, Lombok
- Evarcha laetabunda (C. L. Koch, 1846) – Palearctic
- Evarcha lata Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2021 – Sri Lanka
- Evarcha longula (Thorell, 1881) – New Guinea, Australia
- Evarcha maculata Rollard & Wesołowska, 2002 – Guinea
- Evarcha madagascariensis Prószynski, 1992 – Madagascar
- Evarcha michailovi Logunov, 1992 – France, Russia, Central Asia, China
- Evarcha mirabilis Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009 – South Africa
- Evarcha mongolica Danilov & Logunov, 1994 – Russia, China
- Evarcha negevensis Prószynski, 2000 – Israel
- Evarcha nenilini Rakov, 1997 – Central Asia
- Evarcha nepos (O. P-Cambridge, 1872) – Israel
- Evarcha nigricans (Dalmas, 1920) – Tunisia
- Evarcha nigrifrons (C. L. Koch, 1846) – Sumatra
- Evarcha obscura Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa
- Evarcha patagiata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) – Syria
- Evarcha picta Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
- Evarcha pileckii Prószynski, 2000 – Israel
- Evarcha pinguis Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
- Evarcha pococki Zabka, 1985 – Bhutan to Vietnam, China
- Evarcha praeclara Prószynski & Wesołowska, 2003 – Sudan, Israel, Yemen
- Evarcha prosimilis Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008 – Tanzania, Zimbabwe
- Evarcha proszynskii Marusik & Logunov, 1998 – Russia to Japan, USA, Canada
- Evarcha pseudopococki Peng, Xie & Kim, 1993 – China
- Evarcha pulchella (Thorell, 1895) – Myanmar
- Evarcha reiskindi Berry, Beatty & Prószynski, 1996 – Caroline Islands
- Evarcha rotundibulbis Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
- Evarcha russellsmithi Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
- Evarcha selenaria Suguro & Yahata, 2012 – Japan
- Evarcha seyun Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
- Evarcha similis Caporiacco, 1941 – Ethiopia
- Evarcha simonis (Thorell, 1892) – Singapore
- Evarcha squamulata (Simon, 1902) – Sierra Leone
- Evarcha striolata Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009 – South Africa
- Evarcha syriaca Kulczynski, 1911 – Syria, Israel
- Evarcha villosa Wesołowska & Haddad, 2018 – South Africa
- Evarcha vitosa Próchniewicz, 1989 – Central, East Africa
- Evarcha vittula Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 – South Africa
- Evarcha werneri (Simon, 1906) (syn. Evarcha elegans) – Ethiopia, Sudan to Uganda, Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa
- Evarcha wulingensis Peng, Xie & Kim, 1993 – China
- Evarcha zayu Wang, Mi & Li, 2024 – China
- Evarcha zimbabwensis Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008 – Zimbabwe
- Evarcha zougoussi Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2022 – Ivory Coast
References
edit- ^ a b "Gen. Evarcha Simon, 1902", World Spider Catalog, 25.0, Natural History Museum Bern, doi:10.24436/2, retrieved 24 April 2024
- ^ Fiona R. Cross & Robert R. Jackson (2009), "Odor-mediated response to plants by Evarcha culicivora, a blood‐feeding jumping spider from East Africa", New Zealand Journal of Zoology 36(2):75–80
Further reading
edit- Fiona R. Cross, Robert R. Jackson & Simon D. Pollard (2008), "Complex display behaviour of Evarcha culicivora, an East African mosquito‐eating jumping spider", New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 35(2), 151–187, doi:10.1080/03014220809510112
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Evarcha.
- Photograph of E. praeclara Archived 2011-08-29 at the Wayback Machine
- Photograph of E. cara Archived 2011-08-29 at the Wayback Machine
- Photograph of E. hoyi Archived 2005-01-14 at the Wayback Machine
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