Elise Forrest Harleston (February 8, 1891 – 1970) was South Carolina's first black female photographer.[1] She was also one of the first Black female photographers in the United States.[2]
Elise Forrest Harleston | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | February 8, 1891 Charleston, South Carolina, United States |
| Died | 1970 |
| Known for | Photography |
Elise Beatrice Forrest was born in Charleston, South Carolina, on February 8, 1891. She was the third child of seven to Elvira Moorer and Augustus Forrest, who was an accountant. Elise’s paternal grandmother was a "free person of color”.[2]
Elise Beatrice Forrest became Elise Forrest Harleston after she married successful African-American painter Edwin Augustus Harleston, who was nine years her senior.[3]
Career and education
editWhen Elise was 22 years old, she met Edwin Augustus Harleston in Charleston, South Carolina in 1913.[3] Both Elise and Edwin were graduates of the Avery Normal Institute, a private school for Black youth [2] which was established in 1868. Elise graduated from the Avery Normal Institute in 1910.[4] After graduating, she worked as a teacher in rural South Carolina, this was due to the fact that at this time it was illegal for African Americans to become teachers in Charleston's public schools.[2] However, she soon grew tired of the experience and returned to Charleston, where she then worked as a seamstress at the Union Millinery & Notion Company.[3]
At the time, Edwin wanted to further his knowledge of painting, and he was set to study abroad. However, money struggles forced him to return home and work for his family's funeral business. In 1916, his father sent him to the Renouard Training School for Embalmers in Manhattan. Elise asked many friends in New York if she could stay with them so she could remain close to her boyfriend. Eventually, Elise was able to obtain a job and teach impoverished students at Long Island.[5] When the two of them returned home, Edwin supported Elise in enrolling in photography school despite the advice of their families so the two could marry and open a studio together.[6]
In the fall of 1919, Elise traveled to New York City and enrolled at the E. Brunel School of Photography.[6] There, Elise was one of only two other African-American students, and she was the only female.[7] Edwin and Elise married on September 15, 1920.[3] Elise then enrolled, with Edwin’s encouragement, at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama in 1921.[6] While here she continued her education by studying with C.M. Battey, who was the head of and founded the Photography Division at Tuskegee Institute.[7] After learning and receiving guidance from Battey, Elise's work became an embodiment of the "New Negro" movement through combatting racial stereotypes and injustice within her art.[4]
Soon, after returning to Charleston in 1922, Edwin and Elise opened The Harleston Studio: 118 Calhoun Street in Charleston, this earned them the title of being the first African American Artists working in Charleston who were academically trained.[8] Their studio lasted from 1922 to 1932.[9] There she produced and sold a series of portraits of Charleston's black street vendors.[10] The couple operated the studio as a team, Edwin was the painter, and Elise was the photographer, and often collaborated on multiple projects together. Elise would take photographs of the subjects, while Edwin would paint from the photos for his portraits, such as the subject of his prize-winning drawing A Colored Grand Army Man.[11] This allowed his clients to save many hours of painful posing. Despite this, more credit is provided to Edwin for his work than to Elise for her contribution to the Harleston Studio.[6]
Family
editShortly after their wedding, Edwin and Elise assumed guardianship of their niece, Gussie Harleston after the death of her parents. In addition to Gussie, they also raised another niece, Doris Forrest. Edwin and Elise never had children of their own.[4]
Displayed work
editAaron Douglas worked with Edwin to create a set of murals that are displayed at Fisk University.[12]
In 1996, two of Elise's black and white prints were showcased in an exhibition called "A History of Women Photographer", which was held at the New York Public Library. Up until then, her work had been never in an exhibition outside of the state of South Carolina.[2]
Life after Edwin
editAfter contracting pneumonia from his father, Edwin Harleston died on May 10, 1931.[11] Due to Edwin's death, Harleston ended her photography career, closing The Harleston Studio and selling her equipment. Within a year after Edwin's death, she remarried to John J. Wheeler, who was a school teacher. The couple moved frequently moved to different places including Baltimore, Chicago, and Southern California in the early 1940s. Elise Forrest Harleston passed away due to a brain aneurysm in 1970 at the age of 79.[1]
Not long after Harleston's death in 1970, one of her family members discovered a box of glass-plate negatives that had been saved.[1] Many of her papers are now held by Emory University's Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library.[13]
Quotes from Edwin Harleston and Elise Harleston
edit“Find out for me, please, every fine point about photographing a drawing and a painting for patent reasons ---we may need it someday." - Edwin Harleston to Elise Harleston[2]
"I'm glad to learn that you're doing a little work sufficiently good to charge people for it ---keep it up." - Edwin Harleston to Elise Harleston, 1920 [2]
“Nineteen hundred and twenty must be our year." Edwin Harleston to Elise Harleston, about their upcoming marriage.[2]
"He is wonderful! He is worthy of all I've gone through in waiting for him. He is the soul of honor, and he is my husband!" Elise Harleston, in reference to her marriage to Edwin.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c Gentry, Mae (May 7, 2006). "Into the Light: [Final Edition]". The Post and Courier. Charleston, S.C. ProQuest 373938508.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i W. Gentry, Mae (December 8, 1996). "Portrait of an Artist Love for her husband led Elise F. Harleston to photography; her talent secured her a role in history". Dixie Living. The Atlanta Constitution. p. M3.
- ^ a b c d Whitlock Gentry, Mae. "Elise Forrest Harleston". University of South Carolina. Archived from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2020.
- ^ a b c "Profile: Elise Forrest Harleston (1891-1970)". Black Art Story. June 21, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2020.
- ^ Ball, Edward (2002). The sweet hell inside : the rise of an elite Black family in the segregated South. Internet Archive. New York : Perennial. ISBN 978-0-06-050590-5.
- ^ a b c d Moutoussamy-Ashe, Jeanne (1993). Viewfinders: Black Women Photographers. Writers & Readers Publishing. pp. 33–34. ISBN 978-0-86316-159-9.
- ^ a b Rosenblum, Naomi (2010). A History of Women Photographers. Abbeville Press Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7892-0998-6.
- ^ Hamm, Connor (2023). Inventing the South: Regional Tourism After the Civil War (PhD in Art History thesis). University of California.
- ^ Wills, Deborah. Reflections in Black: A History of Black Photographers, 1840 to the Present (New York: W.W. Norton & Co. 2000).
- ^ Teal, Harvey S. Partners With the Sun: South Carolina Photographers, 1840-1940 (Columbia, S.C. University of South Carolina Press, 2001)
- ^ a b Gates Jr., Henry Louis; Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks (2009). Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography. Oxford University Press. pp. 238–240. ISBN 978-0-19-538795-7.
- ^ Dupre, Daniel (1998). "Review of The Reminiscences of George Strother Gaines, 1805-1843". Journal of the Early Republic. 18 (4): 752–755. doi:10.2307/3124801. ISSN 0275-1275. JSTOR 3124801.
- ^ "Edwin A. and Elise F. Harleston family papers, circa 1900-2002". Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012.
Further reading
edit- Ball, Edward. The Sweet Hell Inside: The Rise of an Elite Black Family in the Segregated South. William Morrow, 2001.