Edith Minturn Stokes (June 20, 1867 - June 12, 1937) was an American philanthropist, artistic muse and socialite during the Gilded Age.
Edith Minturn Stokes | |
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| Born | Edith Minturn June 20, 1867 |
| Died | June 12, 1937 (aged 69) Manhattan, New York City, U.S. |
| Spouse | Isaac Newton Phelps Stokes (m. 1895) |
| Children | Helen Phelps Stokes (adopted daughter) |
| Parent(s) | Robert Bowne Minturn Jr. Suzannah Shaw |
| Relatives | Robert Bowne Minturn (paternal grandfather) Robert Gould Shaw (maternal uncle) Henry Dwight Sedgwick (brother-in-law) Amos Pinchot (brother-in-law) Rosamond Pinchot (niece) Edie Sedgwick (grand-niece) |
Early life and family background
editEdith Minturn was born on June 20, 1867, in West Brighton, Staten Island, New York. She was the third child and second daughter of the shipping magnate Robert Bowne Minturn Jr. (1836-1889) and his wife Susannah Shaw (1839-1926). The Minturn family was well connected both politically, and with other prominent families via marriage. Her uncle, Robert Gould Shaw, was killed while commanding the nation’s first all-black regiment.[1]
Minturn was educated at home, with music and French lessons, and went on a Grand Tour of Europe, as was expected of society women.[2]
Minturn had several siblings. Her brother Robert Shaw Minturn married Bertha Howard Potter, granddaughter of Bishop Alonzo Potter, niece of Henry Codman Potter, and great-granddaughter of Eliphalet Nott.[3] Her sister Sarah May Minturn married Henry Dwight Sedgwick. They were grandparents of Edie Sedgwick and great-grandparents of Kyra Sedgwick. Their son Robert Minturn Sedgwick married Helen Peabody, daughter of Endicott Peabody.[4] Her sister Mildred Scott married Arthur Hugh Scott, the headmaster of a French boarding school for boys.[3] They eventually relocated to England. Her sister Gertrude Minturn married Amos Richard Eno Pinchot.[3] They had two children, one of whom, Rosamond Pinchot, was an actress famed mostly for her great beauty.[5]
Philanthropy and artistic muse
edit
She was the President of the New York Kindergarten Association,[6] ran a sewing school for immigrant women, and was a benefactor of St. George's Church in New York City.
Edith Minturn Stokes began modelling by participating in the then popular pastime known as tableaux vivants; she was spotted at these and became a model for Daniel Chester French in his Greenwich Village atelier.[7]
So it was that she posed for his sculpture The Republic, which was a centerpiece of the Court of Honor of the Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago. It was a 65-foot-high (20 m) plaster statue covered in gold leaf, and with an illuminated crown. The sculpture was decommissioned and deliberately destroyed in 1896 and the sculptor was commissioned to produce a smaller version, the Statue of the Republic, a 24-foot-tall (7.3 m) gilded bronze sculpture that was erected in 1918 and still stands.[8]
Peter Marié accumulated a collection of watercolor-on-ivory miniatures of society beauties, and she was one of those he selected. These are now on display at the New-York Historical Society Museum.[9]
John Singer Sargent’s portrait Mr. and Mrs. I. N. Phelps Stokes is on display in the American Wing of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.[8][10]
Personal life
editOn 25 August 1895, at Pointe-á-Pic, Quebec, she married Isaac Newton Phelps Stokes (1867-1944).[11]
The couple had no biological children, but in 1908 adopted a 3 year old girl, Helen, a daughter of Raj Lieutenant Colonel Maldion Byron Bicknell and his wife Mildred Bax-Ironside, who did not want to raise children in India, where they were stationed.[12] Helen married twice, first in 1928 to Edwin Katte Merrill, and had two daughters and two sons. Her second husband was Donald Bush. Helen died in 2004.[13]
Edith suffered from a series of strokes in late life, and died on June 12, 1937, in her home at 953 Fifth Avenue, New York City.[6]
References
edit- ^ Zimmerman, Jean (2012), Love, fiercely: a gilded age romance, Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 55, ISBN 978-0-15-101447-7
- ^ Zimmerman, Jean (2012), Love, fiercely: a gilded age romance, Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 97, ISBN 978-0-15-101447-7,
From the end of Edith's adolescence on, Susanna [her mother] ruled alone over the four girls and their two brothers. She disallowed all the girls but the youngest, Mildred, from obtaining the higher education that was just then becoming available to privileged women. All the Minturn daughters were expected to be literate, of course, as well as lovely, but that goal was to be accomplished thorough private tutoring and the attentions of their parents.
- ^ a b c Zimmerman, Jean (2012), Love, fiercely: a gilded age romance, Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 299, ISBN 978-0-15-101447-7
- ^ "Edie Sedgwick Warhol Star, 28". New York Times. November 23, 1971. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
- ^ Gaston, Bibi (2009), The Loveliest Woman in America: A Memoir, New York: Harper Perennial
- ^ a b "Mrs. I. N. P. Stokes Dies at Her Home" (PDF), The New York Times, New York, New York, 13 June 1937, retrieved 2 August 2015
- ^ Zimmerman, Jean (2012), Love, fiercely: a gilded age romance, Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 110, ISBN 978-0-15-101447-7
- ^ a b Morrone, Francis (1997), "The Ghost of Monsieur Stokes", City Journal (August), New York: The Manhattan Institute, archived from the original on 3 March 2016, retrieved 2 August 2015
- ^ "Edith Minturn (ca. 1869-1937)". New-York Historical Society Museum & Library. New-York Historical Society. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
- ^ Heyman, Stephen (23 March 2012), "The Haves Who Gave", The New York Times Magazine, New York, New York, retrieved 2 August 2015
- ^ "Marriage of Miss Edith Minturn" (PDF), The New York Times, New York, New York, 22 August 1895, retrieved 2 August 2015
- ^ Zimmerman, Jean (2012), Love, fiercely: a gilded age romance, Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 337, ISBN 978-0-15-101447-7
- ^ Zimmerman, Jean (2012), Love, fiercely: a gilded age romance, Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 503, ISBN 978-0-15-101447-7