Eatoniella smithae is a species of marine gastropod mollusc in the family Eatoniellidae.[1] First described by Winston Ponder in 1965, it is endemic to the waters of New Zealand, and is one of the most common marine species found around Stewart Island.
| Eatoniella smithae | |
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_smithi_(Ponder,_1965)_(AM_MA71263).jpg)
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| Holotype of Eatoniella smithae from Auckland War Memorial Museum | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Littorinimorpha |
| Family: | Eatoniellidae |
| Genus: | Eatoniella |
| Species: | E. smithae
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| Binomial name | |
| Eatoniella smithae (Ponder, 1965)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Taxonomy
editThe species was first identified as Eatoniella (Dardanula) smithi by Winston Ponder, who named the species after Elsie Smith, an avid collector of Stewart Island eatoniellid shells who collected the holotype.[2][3] Since identification, the name Eatoniella smithi has been depreciated due to having the incorrect Latin gender ending, and the spelling Eatoniella smithae is now preferred.[1]
Description
editEatoniella smithae has five whorls, with a colour varying from uniformly dark purple-grey to pure white. The holotype measured 2.2mm by 1.3mm.[2]
The species has a similar shell to Eatoniella olivacea, but can be distinguished by its taller length and paler colour.[2]
Distribution
editThe species is endemic to New Zealand.[1] The holotype was collected in September 1947 by Elsie Smith from Halfmoon Bay, Stewart Island.[4] The species is found around Stewart Island, the lower South Island, Fiordland and the West Coast as far north as Haast.[5][6][2] The species has also been identified on the Chatham and the Auckland islands.[2][7]
It is typically found on low-tide algae, and can thrive in deep water.[2] The species appears to replace Eatoniella olivacea at Stewart Island.[2] The species is one of the most commonly found in the Benthic zone of the coast of Stewart Island.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O, eds. (2022). "Eatoniella smithae Ponder, 1965". MolluscaBase. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g Ponder, W. F. (1965). "The Family Eatoniellidae in New Zealand". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 6: 47–99. ISSN 0067-0464. JSTOR 42906115. Wikidata Q58676802.
- ^ "Eatoniella smithae". Auckland War Memorial Museum. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ Blom, Wilma M. (2020). "Fossil and Recent molluscan types in the Auckland War Memorial Museum. Part 4: Gastropoda (Caenogastropoda - Neocyclotidae to Epitoniidae). [Cyclophoroidea, Cerithioidea, Littorinimorpha]". Records of the Auckland Museum. 55: 101–150. doi:10.32912/RAM.2020.55.7. ISSN 1174-9202. JSTOR 27008995. S2CID 229670783. Wikidata Q106828489.
- ^ "marine snail, Eatoniella smithae Ponder, 1965". Te Papa. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ "marine snail, Eatoniella smithae Ponder, 1965". Te Papa. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ Hayward, Bruce W.; Morley, Margaret S. (2005). "Zonation and Biogeography of the Intertidal Biota of Subantarctic Campbell and Auckland Islands, New Zealand". Records of the Auckland Museum. 42: 7–33. ISSN 1174-9202. JSTOR 42905874. Wikidata Q58623342.
- ^ Edwards, J. M. R. (24 May 1988). The impact of sea cage salmon farming on the benthic environment of Big Glory Bay, Stewart Island (MSc). University of Otago. hdl:10523/10397. Retrieved 19 November 2022.