Dorothy Liddell, MBE (1890–1938) was a pioneering woman archaeologist and mentor to both Mary Leakey and Mary Eily de Putron.
Dorothy Liddell MBE | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 1890 Benwell, Northumberland |
| Died | 1938 (aged 47–48) |
| Nationality | British |
| Known for | Archaeology |
| Notable work | Excavation of Hembury Fort |
Early life
editBorn Dorothy Mary Liddell to Emily Catherine Berry and her husband John Liddell at Benwell, England in 1890. She was one of six children born to the couple. Her father was a prosperous director of the North British and Mercantile Insurance Company and a Justice of the Peace first for Northumberland and later for Basingstoke. There were three boys and three girls in the family. The family moved several times and by 1898 were living in Prudhoe Hall. In 1904 the family moved to Sydmonton Cork near Newbury and then later in 1908 to Sherfield Manor, Basingstoke. The family were philanthropic and interested in their community where ever they lived. They were a very close knit family. Liddell was known as Dolly and Tabitha to her family. Tabitha was a character she had performed to entertain the convalescent soldiers who stayed in Sherfield Manor when it was used as a hospital during the First World War. Liddell was a nurse in the hospital and after the death of her brother Aidan, a Victoria Cross recipient, and the closure of the hospital she joined the red cross in La Panne and worked there until the end of the war. She was awarded a M.B.E. for her service.[1][2]
Career
editLiddell was raised with the typical education of the time, taught by governesses and tutors. She was able to perform well on the violin and was a debutante, presented at Court. Although she was a noted archaeologist, she had been unable to get a formal education in archaeology. However she went on to become a significant figure in British archaeology. She worked for the 1925-1929 Windmill Hill, Avebury excavations where she was the first to recognise the use of bird bones to decorate Neolithic pottery. This site had a significant influence on the perception of Neolithic life. Liddell discovered the young Leakey and worked with her initially for three summers and later trained her for four years. Together they worked on the Hembury site in Devon, where Liddell uncovered a framed entrance which led to an enclosure which had been destroyed by fire. She also discovered more pottery matching other locations like Fort Harrouard in France and other Iron Age sites. Her work is still cited in other papers about these.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][1][16][excessive citations]
Alexander Keiller gave a speech at the opening of the Alexander Keiller Museum in Avebury shortly after Liddell's death, where he thanked her and spoke of the Museum as a tribute to her work.[8] Liddell died prematurely and was buried with her parents and brother near the Church of the Holy Ghost in Basingstoke.[1]
Publications
edit- Notes on two excavations in Hampshire, 1931
- Report on the excavations at Hembury Fort, Devon 1930-1935, 1935
References and sources
edit- ^ a b c Peter Daybell (1 January 2005). With a Smile and a Wave. Pen and Sword. pp. 16–. ISBN 978-1-4738-2083-8.
- ^ Dorothy M Liddell on Lives of the First World War
- ^ Morris, Michael (1986). "An Iron Age and Romano-British site at Choseley Farm, Odiham: the excavations of Dorothy Liddell, 1937" (PDF). Proc. Hampsh. Field Club Archaeol. Soc. 42: 89–108.
- ^ "Papers in JSTOR".
- ^ Todd, Malcolm (2007). "Roman Military Occupation at Hembury (Devon)". Britannia. 38: 107–123. doi:10.3815/000000007784016511. JSTOR 30030570. S2CID 162199199.
- ^ "Dorothy Liddell | TrowelBlazers". trowelblazers.com. 23 December 2016.
- ^ Guerra, Tiffany (10 May 2016). "Year of Women in History: Mary Leakey, Archaeologist and Anthropologist". Year of Women in History.
- ^ a b "Breaking ground: Female archaeologists at Avebury". National Trust.
- ^ "Hampshire Archaeology". Hampshire Archaeology.
- ^ "Heritage Gateway - Results". www.heritagegateway.org.uk.
- ^ T.D. Kendrick; C.F.C. Hawkes (29 January 2018). Archaeology in England and Wales 1914 - 1931. Taylor & Francis. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-1-315-51543-4.
- ^ British Academy (2001). 2000 Lectures and Memoirs. Oxford University Press. pp. 597–. ISBN 978-0-19-726259-7.
- ^ Todd, Malcolm (2007). "Roman Military Occupation at Hembury (Devon)". Britannia. 38: 107–123. doi:10.3815/000000007784016511. ISSN 1753-5352. S2CID 162199199.
- ^ "Hembury Fort - Honiton, Devon - Iron Age multivallate hillfort, Neolithic causeway and Roman settlement". www.hemburyfort.co.uk.
- ^ "Other material" (PDF). Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club & Archaeological Society. 12 (3).
- ^ Malcolm Todd (23 June 2014). The South West to 1000 AD. Routledge. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-1-317-87164-4.