Cosmos parviflorus, commonly known as the southwestern cosmos, is an annual, herbaceous, flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It is native to parts of the Southwestern United States and most of Mexico (from Chihuahua to Oaxaca) and appears to be introduced in portions of the Northeastern United States (Maryland, Maine, Rhode Island and Massachusetts).
| Cosmos parviflorus | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Cosmos |
| Species: | C. parviflorus
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| Binomial name | |
| Cosmos parviflorus | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Description
editCosmos parviflorus is an annual, herbaceous, flowering plant that typically grows between 30 to 90 cm (12 to 35 in) tall. The opposite leaves are attached to petioles around 0.5 cm long, and are deeply divided into narrow linear segments. The ray florets are a white, pink or violet colour with the colours sometimes mixed in the same population. The achenes are barbed, causing them to lodge in fur or clothing. They can thus be transported over long distances.[3][4]
Distribution and habitat
editCosmos parviflorus is native to Mexico (from Chihuahua to Oaxaca) and parts of the United States (Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado). Collections of this species have also been made in Missouri, Maryland, Massachusetts, Maine and Rhode Island, though it appears that this species is not native in those states.[6][7][8]
Habitat
editThis species grows in open or forested slopes and canyons at elevations of 100 to 3000 metres from sea level. It also is a common weed in agricultural fields.[4]
Conservation
editAs of December 2024[update], the conservation group NatureServe listed Cosmos parviflorus as Secure (G5) worldwide. This status was last reviewed on 11 June 1993.[1]
Taxonony
editCosmos parviflorus was first named as Coreopsis parviflora by Nicolaus Jacquin in 1798. In 1807, Christiaan Hendrik Persoon renamed the species to its currently accepted name, Cosmos parviflorus.[7][9]
Etymology
editThe species epithet parviflorus means "small-flowered". In English, the plant is commonly called the southwestern cosmos.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b "Cosmos parviflorus | NatureServe Explorer". NatureServe. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
- ^ The Plant List Cosmos parviflorus
- ^ Wiggins. Vegetation and Flora of the Sonoran Desert. Stanford University Press, 1964
- ^ a b c "Cosmos parviflorus - FNA". Flora of North America. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
- ^ a b "SEINet Portal Network - Cosmos parviflorus". swbiodiversity.org. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ a b "Tropicos". www.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
- ^ García-Mendoza, A. J. & J. A. Meave. 2011. Diversidad Florística de Oaxaca: de Musgos a Angispermas 1–351. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria
- ^ "Cosmos parviflorus (Jacq.) Pers. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
