Conrad Habicht (28 December 1876 in Schaffhausen – 23 October 1958 in Schaffhausen) was a Swiss mathematician and close personal friend of Albert Einstein.
Association with Einstein
editTogether with Maurice Solovine, the three founded the Olympia Academy, an informal circle of friends who met together in Bern from 1902 to 1904 to discuss physics and philosophy.[1][2][3]
Habicht and Solovine were the only two witnesses to Einstein's 1903 wedding to Mileva Marić.[4]
Habicht was the recipient of Einstein's 1905 letter[5] in which Einstein described his Annus mirabilis papers.[6] Habich also received Einstein's letter about quanta.[7]
Einstein and Solovine lost contact with Habicht but regained contact in 1947.[8]
A book of letters between Einstein and Habicht in German Language was published in 2000.[9]
Early life
editHabicht came from a middle class family in Schaffhausen and grew up there with four brothers and sisters. Son of Johann Conrad Habicht, merchant, and Susanna Elisabetha Oechslin, from Schaffhausen. In 1913 he married Anna Margarethe Kehlstadt, teacher, from Basel. He studied mathematics and physics in Zurich, Munich and Berlin, earning a doctors degree in 1903 at Bern, writing a dissertation on series of circles by Steiner. He studied violin.[10]
Conrad's brother Paul was active in early development of automobile engines and had many Swiss patents.[11]
University and school teacher
editHabicht taught university master's level mathematics and physics 11 years at Schiers in the Canton of the Graubünden where he also played violin. Then he taught mathematics and physics 33 years at Schaffhausen Canton high school, retiring in 1948.[12]
Habicht and Einstein invented a meter for measuring very small electric potentials in millivolts with Conrad's brother Paul.[13][14]
Einstein wrote to Habicht about his first attempt to explain the perihelion advance of Mercury.[15]
Habicht wrote and published a book in Swiss German, biography of Gustav Kugler 1874-1939 a Rector of the Schaffhausen Canton school. He also published 5 editions of his mathematics in addition to his dissertation. Between 1943 and 1947 Habicht published another 6 books in 10 editions about the Swiss view of the world around them. He also published an education article about technical supervision of students.[16] Habicht only published in Swiss German language.
Later life
editHabicht was in retirement from teaching ten years, continuing to direct a local music academy until 1958. He died four years later after injury in an accident, survived by his wife, four children and ten grand children.[17]
Literature
edit- Habicht, Conrad in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. Author: Thomas Franz Schneider
- Jürgen Neffe: Einstein. Eine Biografie. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2006.
- Maurice Solovine: Freundschaft mit Albert Einstein. In: Physikalische Blätter 15 (1959), 3, S. 97–103.
- Albert Einstein: Eine neue elektrostatische Methode zur Messung kleinster Elektrizitätsmengen. In: Physikalische Zeitschrift 7 (1908), S. 216–217.
External links
edit- Hans-Josef Küpper: Akademie Olympia, bei Einstein.de
- "Das Wunder von Bern", Der Spiegel, 28 January, no. 3, 2005
- German Language Page: [1]
- French Language Page: [2]
References
edit- ^ Rosenkranz, Arnold (2002). The Einstein Scrapbook (2nd ed.). Jerusalem: Jewish National Library. p. 2. ISBN 0-8018-7203-0.
- ^ Einstein, Albert. "Letter to Conrad Habicht 2 February 1902". einsteinpapers.press.princeton.edu/. Princeton University. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Brittney, Tom. "Genius (TV Series) Einstein: Chapter Three (2017) Conrad Habicht". metacritic. metacritic. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ l'Association KronoBase. "Chronologie: Conrad Habicht Biographie". kronobase. Kronobase. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ "Letter of Albert Einstein to Conrad Habicht of May 18 or 25, 1905, Document 27 in The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein, Volume 5". Princeton University Press. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
- ^ Overbye, Dennis. "Brace Yourself! Here Comes Einstein's Year". nytimes. New York Times. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Einstein, Albert. "Letter to Conrad Habicht, 14 April 2005". Princeton. Scientific Research. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Einstein, Albert (1987). Letters to Solovine (1st ed.). New York: Plilosophic Library. p. 95. ISBN 0-8022-2526-8.
- ^ Schneider, Thomas (2000). die Einstein-Sammlung Habicht (1st ed.). Basel: Tfs.
- ^ Schneider, Thomas Franz. "Conrad Habicht". hls-dhs-dss. Il Dizionario storico della Svizzera. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Habicht, Paul. "My Espacenet". espacenet. European patent office. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ^ ETH-Bibliothek. "Conrad Habicht". e-periodica. ETH-Bibliothek. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Einstein, Albert. "The Machine - Albert Einstein in a letter to Conrad Habicht, 4 March 1910". einstein-website.de. einstein-website. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Illy, József. "The Practical Einstein: Experiments, Patents, Inventions". U Chicago. University of Chicago.
- ^ Einstein, Albert. "A Chronology of the Genesis of General Relativity and its Formative Years - Letter To Conrad Habicht 24 December 1907". degruyter. Princeton University Press. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Habicht. "Conrad Habicht". OCLC Worldcat Identities. OCLC Worldcat Identities. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ^ Società Elvetica di Scienze Naturali. "Conrad Habicht". e-periodica. ETH-Bibliothek. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
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