Cicely Ethel Wilkinson (5 June 1882/83 – 27 May 1967) was a British pioneer pilot and was possibly the only woman to qualify as a pilot in Britain during the First World War. She also served as chauffeur for the French Red Cross and was possibly employed as an ambulance driver on the Western Front during the war.
Cicely Ethel Wilkinson | |
|---|---|
| Born | 5 June 1882/83 Eastbourne, Sussex, England |
| Died | 27 May 1967 Sussex, England |
Personal life
editCicely Ethel Wilkinson (née Cardwell) was born in Eastbourne, Sussex on 5 June 1882/1883 to Colonel William Alexander Cardwell and Lilian Cardwell (née Brodie).[1][2] Wilkinson's 1939 register booklet lists her date of birth as 5 June 1882 but her marriage certificate suggests she was born in 1883/1884 (probably 1883); furthermore, her aviation certificate gives her date of birth as 5 June 1888.[2][3][4] On 12 October 1903 and aged 20, Wilkinson married Henry Edward Thornton Wilkinson.[3] In 1911, Wilkinson and her husband were living in Malton, Yorkshire, where their occupation in the 1911 census was described as "private means."[5] In 1919, Wilkinson petitioned the British Divorce Court for the restitution of her conjugal rights with her husband; they were still living together in 1939.[6][7]
First World War
editBetween April and October 1915, Wilkinson served as a chauffeur for the British Committee of the French Red Cross and may also have served as an ambulance driver on the Western Front.[8][9] On 11 September 1916, Wilkinson qualified as a pilot in a Caudron biplane at the Beatty School at Hendon Aerodrome for which she received Royal Aero Club Aviator Certificate number 3522.[8][4] She was possibly the only woman to qualify as a pilot in Britain during the First World War. In 1918, she wrote Pers libres poems, published by New Line Press.[10] After the war, Wilkinson was awarded the British War Medal and British Victory Medal in recognition of her wartime service.[11]
Cicely's brother Hugh Brodie Cardwell, a Captain in the Royal Field Artillery, was killed in action on 9 August 1918 and is buried at St. Sever Cemetery, Rouen.[12][13]
Later life
editWilkinson's wartime interest in automobiles continued into peacetime. Between 1937 and 1938, "the intrepid Mrs Wilkinson", then of St Minver, Cornwall, was the owner of an Aston Martin 2.0-Litre 15/98 Tourer, sold to her by Lancelot Prideaux-Brune.[14] Wilkinson would have been a relatively rare female driver of a powerful luxury car.
Wilkinson died in Sussex on 27 May 1967.[15]
References
edit- ^ "Cicely Cardwell". www.myheritage.com. Archived from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ a b 1939 Register Booklet. County: Cornwall. Enumeration District: WBRV. Borough, Urban... 29 September 1939.
- ^ a b Venn, John (2011). Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 475. ISBN 9781108036160.
- ^ a b Royal Aero Club. Royal Aero Club index cards and photographs are in the care of the Royal Air Force Museum, Hendon, London, England.
- ^ Registration Sub-District: Malton Civil Parish, Township or Place: Norton (part) RD... 1911.
- ^ Divorce Court File: 6849. Appellant: Cicely Ethel Wilkinson. Respondent: Henry Edward Thornton Wilkinson. 1919.
- ^ Jones, Simon (29 October 2019). "I looked for more about Cicely Ethel Wilkinson. In 1919 she petitioned the divorce court for restitution of conjugal rights by her husband. They were still living together in 1939. In 1937-38 she owned this Aston Martin 2.0-Litre 15/98 Tourer. She died in 1967.pic.twitter.com/tE7A6T5Zpz". @SimonJHistorian. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ a b Jones, Simon (29 October 2019). "From Royal Aero Club Aviators' Certificates: Cicely Ethel Wilkinson, qualified at Hendon, 11 September 1916, in a Caudron biplane. So far as I know the only woman to do so during the war. A chauffeur for the French Red Cross in 1915. (via Ancestry)pic.twitter.com/cwIUZEHnQq". @SimonJHistorian. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ "Bonhams : 1937 Aston Martin 2.0-Litre 15/98 Tourer Chassis no. D7/766/LT Engine no. D7/766/LT". www.bonhams.com. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ "Search our collection | Imperial War Museums". www.iwm.org.uk. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ British Committee, French Red Cross: medal rolls FRX/101B6; FRX/101B7; FRX/101B8;... 1914–1920.
- ^ Hugh Brodie Cardwell on Lives of the First World War
- ^ "ST. SEVER CEMETERY, ROUEN, Cemetery". www.cwgc.org. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
- ^ "1937 Aston Martin 15/98". www.classicdriver.com. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ^ Principal Probate Registry. Calendar of the Grants of National Probate Calendar, 1967. Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England. London, England.