Chamchamal (Kurdish: چهمچهماڵ, romanized: Çemçemal,[1][2] Arabic: جمجمال) is a town located in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. it is the town which is nearest located to the disputed territories of Northern Iraq. Chamchamal is home to the Gorani-speaking Hamawand tribe.[3]
Chamchamal
Çemçemal | |
|---|---|
Town | |
| چەمچەماڵ | |
 | |
  Chamchamal | |
| Coordinates: 35°32′0″N 44°50′0″E / 35.53333°N 44.83333°E | |
| Country |  Iraq |
| Autonomous region | Kurdistan Region |
| Province | Sulaymaniyah Governorate |
| Population (2018) | |
• Total | 65,300 |
Population and location
editThe city is a 30 minutes drive east from Kirkuk and an hour west of Sulaymaniyah.[4] The population was 58,000 in 2003.[4] The population in 2018 was 65,300 people, the vast majority being Kurds.
History
editThe city has a historic citadel, and early Western observers of the region speculated that it has been inhabited since the Sassanid period.[5] The Chamchamal valley is also home to important paleolithic sites of Jarmo and Zarzi.[6] The city broke away from Kirkuk in 1976 and was given to Sulaymaniyah.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Chamchamal | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
30.1 (86.2) |
36.7 (98.1) |
40.4 (104.7) |
40.2 (104.4) |
36.2 (97.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
20.1 (68.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
25.7 (78.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.7 (76.5) |
20.3 (68.5) |
14.9 (58.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
12.8 (55.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 126 (5.0) |
104 (4.1) |
108 (4.3) |
60 (2.4) |
29 (1.1) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
5 (0.2) |
47 (1.9) |
86 (3.4) |
565 (22.2) |
| Source: Climate-data.org | |||||||||||||
Notable people
edit- Thanun Pyriadi (born 1933), chemist, from Ali Mansour village
See also
edit- Garmekan (Sasanian province located in modern-day Kurdistan Region of Iraq)
- Garmian Region
- Beth Garmai
References
edit- ^ "نووسینگهی پاسپۆرت له قهزای چهمچهماڵ دهكرێتهوه". www.peyam.net (in Kurdish).
- ^ "Li Çemçemal û Silêmaniyeyê çalakiyên ciwanan -NÛ BÛ". ANF News (in Kurdish). Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- ^ "Country Policy and Information Note Iraq: Blood feuds". 2017. p. 9. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- ^ a b "Letter From Chamchamal, Iraq — March 17, 2003". Poynter. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- ^ "Historic landmarks under threat in Chamchamal, Iraqi Kurdistan". ekurd.net. 2009-09-01. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- ^ (UNESCO), Sanz, Nuria (2015-09-07). Human origin sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia. UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 9789231001079.
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