The Central People's Government was the central government of the People's Republic of China between October 1, 1949 and September 20, 1954. The government was formed in accordance with the Common Program and the Government Organic Law promulgated by the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).[1]
.svg) | |
| Formation | 1 October 1949 |
|---|---|
| Extinction | 27 September 1949 |
| Founding document | Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference |
| Country | China |
| Chinese Communist Party (CCP) | |
| Leader | Chairman of the CCP |
| Legislative branch | |
| Legislature | Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) |
| Chair | Chairman of the CPPCC |
| Executive branch | |
| Leader | Chairman of the Central People's Government |
| Main body | Central People's Government Council |
| Main organ | Government Administration Council |
| Judicial branch | |
| Court | Supreme People's Court |
| Procuratorate | Supreme People's Procuratorate |
| Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 中華人民共和國中央人民政府 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中华人民共和国中央人民政府 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The Central People's Government served as the provisional government for exercising state power before the 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was elected to draft the new constitution of China. The government ceased to exist after the enactment of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China on September 20, 1954, and was reformed into the constitutional government of China.
Since 1954, the "Central People's Government" has been synonymous with the "State Council" in the current government of China.[citation needed]
History
editOn September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) passed the Organic Law of the Central People's Government. It also elected the Central People's Government Committee on September 30, 1949.[2][3]The government was then promulgated by Mao Zedong at the ceremony of Proclamation of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.
On September 20, 1954, with the enactment of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China by the 1st National People's Congress (NPC). The Central People's Government ceased to exist and was reformed into the new constitutional government of China.
Organizational structure
editThe Central People's Government was then composed of:[3]
| Name | Chinese | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Central People's Government Council | 中央人民政府委員會 | 1949 – 1954 |
| Government Administration Council | 政務院 | 1949 – 1954 |
| People's Revolutionary Military Council | 人民革命軍事委員會 | 1949 – 1954 |
| Supreme People's Court | 最高人民法院 | 1949 – 1954 |
| Supreme People's Procuratorate | 最高人民檢察署 | 1949 – 1954 |
| State Planning Commission | 國家計畫委員會 | 1952 – 1954 |
| Regional administrative councils | 大區行政委員會 | 1953 – 1954 |
Between 1953 and 1954, there were 6 regional administrative councils:
- North China Administrative Council (華北行政委員會)
- East China Administrative Council (華東行政委員會)
- South Central China Administrative Council (中南行政委員會)
- Northeast China Administrative Council (東北行政委員會)
- Northwestern China Administrative Council (西北行政委員會)
- Southwestern China Administrative Council (西南行政委員會)
In September 1954, with the enactment of the new constitution of China:
- Agencies of the Government Administration Council became part of the State Council (国务院)
- The People's Revolutionary Military Council became the National Defense Council (国防委员会) and is directly subordinates to the Chairman of China (国家主席).
- The State Planning Commission was placed under the State Council.
- The 6 regional administrative councils was defunct and all Province-level People's Government is directly subordinates to the State Council.
See also
edit
- The "Central People's Government" since 1954: State Council of the People's Republic of China
References
edit- ^ Article 12, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
- ^ "中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议在北平举行" [The first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held in Beiping]. People's Daily. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
- ^ a b "Part 6: 1st plenum of the CPPCC". The Common Program of the People's Republic of China 1949-1954. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
External links
edit
Media related to Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (1949-1954) at Wikimedia Commons
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