The Catalan vault (Catalan: volta catalana), also called thin-tile vault,[1] Catalan turn, Catalan arch, boveda ceiling (Spanish bóveda 'vault'), or timbrel vault, is a type of low brickwork arch forming a vaulted ceiling that often supports a floor above. It is constructed by laying a first layer of light bricks lengthwise "in space", without centering or formwork, and has a much gentler curve than most other methods of construction.[1]
Of Roman origin,[2] it is a traditional form in regions around the Mediterranean including Catalonia (where it is widely used), and has spread around the world in more recent times through the work of Catalan architects such as Antoni Gaudí and Josep Puig i Cadafalch, and the Valencian architect Rafael Guastavino.
A study on the stability of the Catalan vault is kept at the archive of the Institute of Catalan Studies, where it is said to have been entrusted by Josep Puig i Cadafalch.
Though it is popularly called the Catalan vault, this construction method is found throughout the Mediterranean and the invention of the term "Catalan vault" occurred in 1904 at an architectural congress in Madrid.[3]
The technique was brought to New Spain (colonial Mexico), and is still used in parts of contemporary Mexico.
In the United States
editValencian architect and builder Rafael Guastavino introduced the technique to the United States in the 1880s, where it is called Guastavino tile. It is used in many major buildings across the United States, including the Boston Public Library, the New York Grand Central Terminal, and many others.[4]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b López López, David; Domènech Rodríguez, Marta; Palumbo Fernández, Mariana (2014). ""Brick-topia", the thin-tile vaulted pavilion". Case Studies in Structural Engineering. 2: 33–40. doi:10.1016/j.csse.2014.09.001. hdl:20.500.11850/91281.
- ^ Detail, issue no.: 05/2013 Archived 2017-05-02 at the Wayback Machine Technology: The Catalan Vault. Accessed 14-Oct-2015
- ^ Gómez-Ferrer, Mercedes (2011). "Las bóvedas tabicadas en la arquitectura valenciana" [Timbrel vaults in Valencian Architecture]. Simposio internacional sobre bóvedas tabicadas. Valencia 2011 (in Spanish) – via Academia.edu.
- ^ Beau Peregoy, "9 Dazzling Tiled Archways Devised by Rafael Guastavino", Architectural Digest, January 8, 2016 [1]
External links
edit- Ramage, Michael. "Construction of a Vault". details the process of constructing a six-foot by six-foot vault.
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