Wikipedia

Angel of Death (Slayer song)

"Angel of Death" is the opening track on American thrash metal band Slayer's 1986 album Reign in Blood. The lyrics and music were written by guitarist Jeff Hanneman. They detail the Nazi physician Josef Mengele's human experiments at the Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II.

"Angel of Death"
Song by Slayer
from the album Reign in Blood
ReleasedOctober 7, 1986 (1986-10-07)
Recorded1986
StudioLos Angeles, California
GenreThrash metal
Length4:51
LabelDef Jam
Songwriter(s)Jeff Hanneman
Producer(s)Rick Rubin

"Angel of Death" led to accusations of Nazi sympathizing and racism against the band, which they vigorously denied but which followed them throughout their early career. Despite the controversy and the resulting delay in the release of Reign in Blood, the song remained a live favorite, and has appeared on all of Slayer's live albums.

The song has been described as highly influential in the development of thrash metal or speed metal, and is highly regarded by some critics; AllMusic's Steve Huey called it a classic and the album "the pinnacle of speed metal".[1] The half-time riff was sampled by Public Enemy in their song "She Watch Channel Zero?!" from the 1988 album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back.[2]

Composition and origins

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Josef Mengele inspired the song.

Slayer guitarist Jeff Hanneman wrote "Angel of Death" after reading books about Nazi physician Josef Mengele while on tour with the band.[2] He said that he remembered "stopping someplace where I bought two books on Mengele. I thought, 'This has gotta be some sick shit.' So when it came time to do the record, that stuff was still in my head—that's where the lyrics to 'Angel of Death' came from."[2]

The lyrics are written both from Mengele's point of view and from that of a detached observer condemning his actions.[3] They detail Mengele's surgical experiments on patients at the Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II.[4][5] Mengele's explorations were conducted on such groups as dwarfs and twins, and included both physical and psychological examinations.[6][7] Among the tests he performed that are mentioned in "Angel of Death" are experimental surgeries performed without anesthesia, transfusion of blood between twins, isolation endurance, gassing, injections with lethal germs, sex change operations, the removal of organs and limbs, and abacination.[8]

Controversy

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Graphic used by the band in the 1990s[9]

The lyrics of "Angel of Death" delayed the release of Reign in Blood which was originally scheduled for April 1986.[10] The band was signed to Def Jam Records, whose distributor, Columbia Records, refused to release the album due to its subject matter and artwork, which they believed were "too graphic".[2] Reign in Blood was eventually distributed by Geffen Records on October 7, 1986, but it did not appear on Geffen Records' official release schedule because of the controversy.[2]

"Angel of Death" caused outrage among Holocaust survivors, as well as their families and the general public. The controversy led to accusations of Nazi sympathizing which have followed Slayer throughout their career.[2] In 1987, Hanneman told the NME magazine:[11]

I feel you should be able to write about whatever you want. Angel of Death is like a history lesson... I'd read a lot about the Third Reich and was absolutely fascinated by the extremity of it all, the way Hitler had been able to hypnotise a nation and do whatever he wanted, a situation where Mengele could evolve from being a doctor to being a butcher.

People took Hanneman's interest in Nazi history and his collection of Nazi medals (his most prized item being a German Knight's Cross)[12] as evidence of sympathizing.[2] Hanneman objected, stating:[13]

I know why people misinterpret it – it's because they get this knee-jerk reaction to it. When they read the lyrics, there's nothing I put in the lyrics that says necessarily he was a bad man, because to me – well, isn't that obvious? I shouldn't have to tell you that.

According to guitarist Kerry King: "Yeah, 'Slayer are Nazis, fascists, Communists'—all that fun shit. And of course we got the most flak for it in Germany. I was always like, 'Read the lyrics and tell me what's offensive about it. Can you see it as a documentary, or do you think Slayer's preaching fucking World War II?' People get this thought in their heads—especially in Europe—and you'll never talk them out of it."[2]

The song drew accusations of racism, which the band has denied.[2] The band members are often asked about the accusations in interviews, and have stated numerous times that they do not condone racism and are merely interested in the subject.[14] Hanneman also wrote "SS-3", a song about senior SS commander Reinhard Heydrich, which appeared on the band's 1994 album Divine Intervention. The song "Jihad" from their 2006 album Christ Illusion has drawn comparison to "Angel of Death".[15] "Jihad" deals with the September 11, 2001, attacks, and is told from a terrorist's perspective. Araya expected the subject matter to create a similar backlash to that of "Angel of Death", but it did not materialize[16]—in part, he believes, due to people's view that the song is "just Slayer being Slayer".[17]

Music and structure

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"Angel of Death" sample
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At 4 minutes and 51 seconds, "Angel of Death" is the longest track on the album, which is 29 minutes in total.[2] It is one of the most structurally conventional songs on the album, featuring prominent verses and choruses, which most of the songs eschew. Araya's vocal performance begins with a piercing, wordless scream. "[G]uitarists Kerry King and Jeff Hanneman deliver their intricate riffs [and] drummer Dave Lombardo performs some of the most powerful drumming ever recorded" at 210 beats per minute.[18][19]

When drummer Lombardo left Slayer in 1992, they recruited a full-time replacement in Forbidden drummer Paul Bostaph.[20] Bostaph made one mistake out of the nine songs the band trialled him with, on "Angel of Death".[20] Before the "big double bass part" there is a lead section, which Bostaph could not understand, as he had to learn from live records recorded with Lombardo.[20] Bostaph could not tell how many revolutions the guitar riff goes before the bass sequence. The band members told him there were eight, "perfecting" the song afterwards.[20]

The song is also linguistically significant for containing the only recorded use of the word "abacinate", as mentioned in Christopher Foyle's Foyle's Philavery: A Treasury of Unusual Words.[21]

Reception and legacy

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Although "Angel of Death" did not chart, it was highly praised by critics reviewing Reign in Blood. Clay Jarvas of Stylus Magazine observed how the song "smokes the asses of any band playing fast and/or heavy today. Lyrically outlining the horrors to come, while musically laying the groundwork for the rest of the record: fast, lean and filthy."[22] Adrien Begrand of PopMatters remarked that "There's no better song to kick things off than the masterful 'Angel of Death', one of the most monumental songs in metal history."[18]

The song was notably sampled for use as the main riff in the 1990 song "Godlike" by industrial act KMFDM.[23]

The same riff has been sampled by many other artists including Public Enemy for their track "She Watch Channel Zero".[24]

"Angel of Death" was featured in the opening scene of the 2002 stunt comedy Jackass: The Movie, where Johnny Knoxville rents and modifies a car before engaging in a crash-up derby.

Personnel

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Production

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Reign in Blood - Review". AllMusic. Retrieved July 3, 2007.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "An exclusive oral history of Slayer". Decibel Magazine. Archived from the original on August 13, 2006. Retrieved December 3, 2006.
  3. ^ Ferris, D.X. "Slayer's Reign in Blood". p 114
  4. ^ "Slayer's King Says Rick Rubin's Collaboration With Metallica Was 'Slap In The Face'". Blabbermouth.net. June 1, 2006. Archived from the original on March 26, 2007. Retrieved March 21, 2007.
  5. ^ Moore, Ryan (2009). Sells Like Teen Spirit: Music, Youth Culture, and Social Crisis. New York University Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-8147-5747-5.
  6. ^ "Josef Mengele". auschwitz.dk. Archived from the original on February 23, 2007. Retrieved February 21, 2007.
  7. ^ "moreorless : heroes & killers of the 20th century - Josef Mengele". Moreorless.com. April 30, 2001. Archived from the original on December 5, 2006. Retrieved December 1, 2006.
  8. ^ Roberts, Michael. "Westworld Online interview with Kerry King". Slayersaves.com. Archived from the original on October 18, 2006. Retrieved March 21, 2007.
  9. ^ "Slayer Eagle (logo)". TheGiant.Org. Archived from the original on March 29, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2016.
  10. ^ Epstein, Dan (October 7, 2016). "How Slayer's Controversial 'Angel of Death' Changed Thrash Band Forever". Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
  11. ^ Witter, Simon (May 8, 2013). "Slayer: 'We read a lot from the Satanic bible' – a classic interview from the vaults". The Guardian. Retrieved May 1, 2021. (material first published in NME magazine in 1987)
  12. ^ Lahtinen, Lexi (December 18, 2006). "Slayer - Jeff Hanneman". Metal-rules.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2007. Retrieved December 27, 2006.
  13. ^ Davis, Brian. "Knac.com interview with Jeff Hanneman". Knac.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved December 13, 2006.
  14. ^ Cummins, Johnson. "Slayers Tom Araya on Satanism, serial killers and his lovable kids". MontrealMirror.com. Archived from the original on November 13, 2005. Retrieved December 2, 2006.
  15. ^ Kornelis, Chris (June 14, 2006). "Slayer expects blacklash with 'Jihad'". spokane7.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved February 21, 2007.
  16. ^ Gargano, Paul (January 25, 2007). "LiveDaily Interview: Tom Araya of Slayer". LiveDaily.com. Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved February 21, 2007.
  17. ^ Lahtinen, Luxi (December 18, 2006). "Slayer - Jeff Hanneman". Metal-rules.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2007. Retrieved December 27, 2006.
  18. ^ a b Begrand, Adrien. "The Devil in Music". Popmatters.com. Archived from the original on March 15, 2007. Retrieved February 22, 2007.
  19. ^ Haug, Andrew (October 13, 2006). "Andrew Haug speaks with Dave Lombardo from Slayer". Abc.net.au. Retrieved February 9, 2007.
  20. ^ a b c d Syrjälä, Marko (February 5, 2007). "Paul Bostaph of Exodus, ex-Slayer". Metal-Rules.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2007.
  21. ^ Sullivan, Jane (January 31, 2009). "Of fizgigs and jobbernowls". The Age. Online. Retrieved September 16, 2022.
  22. ^ Jarvis, Clay (September 1, 2003). "Slayer Reign in Blood". Stylus Magazine. Archived from the original on May 11, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2007.
  23. ^ Howell, Amanda (February 11, 2015). Popular Film Music and Masculinity in Action: A Different Tune. Routledge. p. 125. ISBN 9781134109340.
  24. ^ "Metal Insider's Top 5: Slayer Items Not Directly Related To Slayer". Metal Insider. August 8, 2011. Retrieved October 1, 2018.

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