Alexei Prokopievich Berest (Russian: Алексей Прокопьевич Берест; Ukrainian: Олексій Прокопович Берест, romanized: Oleksii Prokopovych Berest; March 9, 1921 – November 4, 1970) was a Soviet political officer and one of the three Red Army soldiers credited with having hoisted the Victory Banner over the Reichstag.
Alexei Berest | |
|---|---|
 Berest c. 1945 | |
| Born | March 9, 1921 Horiaistivka, Sumy Oblast, Ukrainian SSR |
| Died | November 4, 1970 (aged 49) Rostov-on-Don, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Buried | Alexandrovskoye Cemetery, Rostov-on-Don[1] |
| Allegiance |  Soviet Union (1939–1948) |
| Years of service | 1939–1948 |
| Rank | Lieutenant |
| Battles / wars | Winter War World War II |
| Awards | Order of the Red Banner Order of the Patriotic War 1st class Medal "For the Capture of Berlin" Order of the Red Star Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Hero of Ukraine (posthumous)[2] |
Biography
editEarly life
editBorn to an impoverished Ukrainian family, seven of Berest's fifteen siblings died prematurely. He was orphaned when eleven years old, and raised by his older sisters. From the age of sixteen, he worked as a tractor driver. Berest volunteered into the Red Army in October 1939 and took part in the Soviet-Finnish War as a signaller. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union, he was sent to the front once more. In March 1943, while stationed in the Volkhov Front, Corporal Berest joined the Communist Party. In December, he was sent to the Leningrad Military-Political School (Which at the time was located at Shuya, after being evacuated) and trained as a commissar. After graduation in September 1944, Lieutenant Berest was assigned as Captain Stepan Neustroev's deputy for political affairs (Zampolit) in the 1st Battalion of the 150th Rifle Division's 756th Regiment.[3]
Battle of Berlin
editOn 30 April 1945, after long days of street combat in Berlin, the 150th Division attacked the Reichstag. On 1 May, at about 03:00, Berest and two scouts - Meliton Kantaria and Mikhail Yegorov - hoisted one of nine Soviet flags given to the division's commanders[4] on the building's dome, fastening it to Wilhelm I's statue.[5][6] Although not the first to be placed, the flag was eventually proclaimed as the Victory Banner. Later, posing as a Colonel, he negotiated with the German garrison of the Reichstag on the terms of their surrender. He received the Order of the Red Banner for his actions.[7]
Post-war years
editIn May 1945, Neustroev, Kantaria and many others who were involved in the Reichstag assault were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. For unknown reasons,[a 1] Berest did not attain the award and his part in the operation was silenced.[8][9] In 1948, he was discharged from the army and began working in the regional cinema department of Rostov-on-Don. In 1953, he was convicted of embezzlement and sent to ten years in prison, of which he served five.[10] After being released, he was employed in the local Rostselmash factory as a common laborer. On 3 November 1970, Berest was run over by a train as he saved a child who strayed on the railway. He died of his injuries in the early hours of the following day.[2]
He was posthumously granted the title Hero of Ukraine on 6 May 2005.[11]
Honours and awards
edit- Order of the Red Banner
- Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class
- Order of the Red Star
- Order of the "Gold Star" Hero of Ukraine – for military valour in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, the personal courage and heroism displayed in the Berlin operation and installation of the Victory Banner over the Reichstag, posthumously)
- Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
- Medal "For the Capture of Berlin"
References
edit- ^ Oleksi Berest in a site about the history of Ukraine.
- ^ a b "Berest on the Smolensk municipal website". Archived from the original on 2011-07-24. Retrieved 2011-04-16.
- ^ An article in the Ukrainian newspaper Dzerkalo Tyzhdnya Archived 2009-06-04 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ An interview with Neustroev [translated to English].
- ^ Neustroev's memoirs, chapter 12.
- ^ The memoirs of Colonel Zinchenko, the 756th Regiment commander. Chapter 2.
- ^ A short biography of Alexei Berest on People.Ru.
- ^ Berest on the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense website. Archived 2011-04-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ An article in ukurier.gov.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Oleksi Berest on ua.dev. Archived 2011-07-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The 2005 Presidential Edict naming Berest a national hero.
Annotations
edit- ^ The various sources cited in this article alternatively asserted that this was due to Berest's Ukrainian heritage, Marshal Georgy Zhukov's dislike for political officers or a confrontation with a Smersh officer several days before the battle. No conclusive data could be found on the subject.