Akhlaq Mohammad Khan (16 June 1936 – 13 February 2012), better known by his takhallus Shahryar, was an Indian academic, and a doyen of Urdu poetry in India.[1][2] As a Hindi film lyricist, he is best known for his lyrics in Gaman (1978) and Umrao Jaan (1981) directed by Muzaffar Ali. He retired as the head of the Urdu Department at the Aligarh Muslim University, and thereafter he remained sought after name in mushairas or poetic gatherings, and also co-edited the literary magazine Sher-o-Hikmat.[3]
Akhlaq Mohammed Khan Shahryar | |
|---|---|
| Born | 16 June 1936 Aonla, United Provinces, British India |
| Died | 13 February 2012 (aged 75) Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India |
| Occupation | Educator, Poet, Lyricist |
| Language | Urdu |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Alma mater | Aligarh Muslim University |
| Genre | Ghazal, Nazm |
| Subject | Love, Philosophy |
| Notable awards | Sahitya Akademi Award (1987) Jnanpith Award (2008) |
He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu for Khwab Ka Dar Band Hai (1987), and in 2008 he won the Jnanpith Award, the highest literary award and only the fourth Urdu poet to win the award.[3] He has been widely acknowledged as the finest exponent of modern Urdu poetry.
Early life and education
editShahryar was born at Aonla, Bareilly to a Muslim Rajput family.[3] His father Abu Mohammad Khan was posted as a Police Officer, though the family hailed from village Chaundhera in Bulandshahr District, Uttar Pradesh.[4][5] He received his early education at Bulandshahr.[6] In his childhood days, Shahryar wanted to be an athlete but his father wanted him to join the police force. It is then that he ran away from home and was guided by Khaleel-Ur-Rehman Azmi, the eminent Urdu critic and poet. He then studied at Aligarh Muslim University and passed his BA in psychology in 1958. He joined MA in psychology but quit it after a year and got admission to the Urdu department of AMU. In 1961 he passed his MA in Urdu.[7] He also completed his Ph.D. in Aligarh.[8]
Career
editShahryar started his career as a writer at Hamari Zubaan, the weekly magazine of the Anjuman Tarraqqi-e-Urdu in 1961 and worked there until 1966.[7] After that in 1966 he joined Aligarh Muslim University as a lecturer in Urdu.[7] He was appointed professor in 1986 and in 1996, he retired as chairman of the Urdu Department. He co-edited the literary magazine Sher-o-Hikmat (Poetry and Philosophy).[9]
Literary career
editHis first poetry collection Ism-e-azam was published in 1965, the second collection, Satvan dar (Satva yet in English), appeared in 1969, and the third collection titled Hijr Ke Mausam was released in 1978. His most celebrated work, Khwab Ke dar band hain, arrived in 1987, which also won him the Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu for that year. In addition, he published five collections of his poetry in Urdu script.[10] In 2008, he became the fourth Urdu writer to win the Jnanpith Award, after Firaq, Ali Sardar Jafri, and Qurratulain Hyder.[11][12]
Lyricist
editShahryar wrote lyrics for select films, from Aligarh where he was approached by filmmakers. Muzaffar Ali and Shahryar were friends from their student days, and Shahryar had shared some of the ghazals with him. Later when Ali made his directorial debut with Gaman in 1978, he used two of his ghazals Seene Mein Jalan Ankhon Mein Toofan Sa Kyun Hai and Ajeeb Saneha Mujhpar Guzar Gaya Yaaron in the film, and they are still considered classic. All his ghazals from Umrao Jaan, 'Dil Cheez Kya Hai Aap Meri Jaan Lijiye', 'Ye Ka Jagah Hai Doston', 'In Aankhon Ki Masti Ke' etc. are among the finest lyrical works in Bollywood. He also wrote for Yash Chopra's Faasle (1985), thereafter Chopra offered him three more films to write for, but he refused as he didn't want to become a "song shop".[13] Though he wrote for Muzaffar Ali's Anjuman (1986). He also left behind unfinished contributions to Ali's Zooni and Daaman.
Personal life
editShahryar married Najma Mahmood, a teacher in the English department in the Women’s College at Aligarh in 1968. They had three children, Humayun Shahryar, Saima Shahryar, and Faridoon Shahryar who is an entertainment journalist.[7]
He died on 13 February 2012 in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, after a prolonged illness due to lung cancer.[13][14]
Awards
edit- Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu for his poetry collection, Khwab Ka Dar Band Hai (1987).[15]
- The fourth Urdu writer to win the Jnanpith Award – 2008.
- Firaaq Samman
- Bahadur Shah Zafar Award.
Four theses have been written on Shahryar's works.
Selected bibliography
edit- Ism-e-azam, 1965.
- Satvan dar, 1969.
- Hijr Ke Mausam, 1978.
- Khwab Ke dar band Hain, 1987.
- Neend ki Kirchen – (English: Shards of Shattered Sleep).
- Through the Closed Doorway: A Collection of Nazms by Shahryar, tr. Rakhshanda Jalil. 2004, Rupa & Co., ISBN 81-291-0458-X.
- Shahryar, Akhlaq Mohmmad Khan: Influence of the western criticism on the Urdu criticism, Aligarh.
- Dhund ki Roshni (English: The Light of Dusk): Selected Poems of Shahryar, 2003, Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 81-260-1615-9.
Further reading
editUrdu language and literature: Critical Perspectives, New Delhi, 1991.
References
edit- ^ Shahryar, Faraz recite at mushaira The Hindu, 5 August 2007.
- ^ Renowned Urdu Poet.. .milligazette.com. 16–30 September 2004.
- ^ a b c "Umraao Jaan lyricist passes away". The Times of India. 14 February 2012. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ "Jnanpith for Malayalam poet Kurup, Urdu scholar Shahryar". The Times of India. 25 September 2010. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012.
- ^ "Malayalam, Urdu writers claim Jnanpith awards". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 24 September 2010.
- ^ Shahryar Encyclopaedia of Indian literature vol. 5. Page 3950.
- ^ a b c d Jalil 2018, chpt. 1.
- ^ Salam, Ziya Us (14 February 2012). "Shahryar (1936–2012): The poet who gave Umrao Jaan her voice". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
- ^ Professor Shahryar, one of India’s most critically acclaimed poets.. Arab News 1 October 2005.
- ^ "Author info". Shahryar biography. Urdustudies.com. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
- ^ "Poet, lyricist, Jnanpith Winner". Outlook. Archived from the original on 22 May 2012. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ "Jnanpith Laureates". Bharatiya Jnanpith. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ a b "Shahryar (1936–2012): The poet who gave Umrao Jaan her voice". The Hindu. 14 February 2012. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ Noted poet Shahryar passes away The Times of India, 14 February 2012
- ^ List of Sahitya Akademi Award Winners in Urdu Archived 30 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
Cited sources
edit- Jalil, Rakhshanda (25 August 2018). Shahryar: A Life in Poetry. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-93-5302-031-6.