Abba Agathon was an Egyptian Orthodox Christian monk and saint who lived around the 4th century in Scetis, Lower Egypt and was known for his meekness and discernment.[1] He was a disciple of Abba Lot and Abba Poemen and a contemporary of notable Desert Fathers Amun, Macarius, Joseph and Peter.[1][2] He is venerated as a saint in the Orthodox Church on 2 March.[3][4] Agathon was one of the Desert Fathers.[1]
Agathon of Egypt | |
|---|---|
| Born | c. 4th century Egypt |
| Residence | Scetes |
| Died | c. 435 AD Egypt |
| Venerated in | Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Church Roman Catholic Church |
| Feast | 2 March 8 January |
| Influences | Poemen |
Life
editAbba Agathon was trained in the Thebaid by Abba Poemen when he was a young man. According to the Sayings of the Desert Fathers, he was highly regarded by Poemen, who called him "Abba" (father) even though Agathon was still young.[1] He was known for his exceptional meekness, accounting himself the most sinful of all men.[5] He was a disciple of Abba Lot.[5][2]
Abba Agathon lived in Scetis with Alexander and Zoilus, who were later disciples of Arsenius. He moved after the destruction of Scetis and lived near Troe (Τρώη / Τροία) close to the Nile with his disciple Abraham.[1] It was said of Abba Agathon that he often travelled taking nothing but his knife for making wicker-baskets. He, even in old age, provided everything he needed for himself by manual labor.[1] The abba is said to have even lived for three consecutive years with a stone in his mouth to help himself learn silence and abstinence from speech.[1][2]
At his death, Abba Agathon remained for three days with his eyes open. The brothers asked him where he was, and he replied saying that he was at the Judgement Seat of God. When his disciples asked him if he was afraid, he said, "Until this moment, I have done my utmost to keep the commandments of God; but I am a man; how should I know if my deeds are acceptable to God?" When they questioned him more, he said, "Truly the judgement of God is not that of man."[1] Dorotheus of Gaza twice quotes the final words of Abba Agathon in his exhortations to his monks.[6]
Abba Agathon died around AD 435.[5]
Sayings
edit- "All the days of your life keep the frame of mind of the stranger which you have on the first day you join them [the brethren], so as not to become too familiar with them."[1]
- Abba Agathon once compared a loose tongue to, "A strong, burning wind, each time it arises everything flies swept before it, and it destroys the fruit of the trees. No passion is worse than an uncontrolled tongue, because it is the mother of all the passions. Accordingly the good workman should not use it, even if he is living as a solitary in the cell. I know a brother who spent a long time in his cell using a small bed who said, 'I should have left my cell without making use of that small bed if no-one had told me it was there.' It is the hard-working monk who is a warrior."[1]
- "A monk should live in such a way that he never has cause for his conscience accuse him of anything."[1]
- "Unless he keeps the commandments of God, a man cannot make progress, not even in a single virtue."[1]
- "I have never gone to sleep with a grievance against anyone, and, as far as I could, I have never let anyone go to sleep with a grievance against me."[1]
- Someone asked Abba Agathon, "Which is better, bodily asceticism or interior vigilance?' The old man replied, "Man is like a tree, bodily asceticism is the foliage, interior vigilance the fruit. According to that which is written, 'Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit shall be cut down and cast into the fire' (Matt. 3.10) it is clear that all our care should be directed towards the fruit, that is to say, guard of the spirit; but it needs the protection and the embellishment of the foliage, which is bodily asceticism."[1]
- "I think there is no labour greater than that of prayer to God. For every time a man wants to pray, his enemies, the demons, want to prevent him, for they know that it is only by turning him from prayer that they can hinder his journey. What- ever good work a man undertakes, if he perseveres in it, he will attain rest. But prayer is warfare to the last breath."[1]
- "I consider the good of my brother to be a sacrificial offering."[1]
- "A man who is angry, even if he were to raise the dead, is not acceptable to God."[1]
- A brother asked Abba Agathon about fornication. He answered, "Go, cast your weakness before God and you shall find rest."[1]
- "If someone were very specially dear to me, but I realized that he was leading me to do something less good, I should put him from me."[1]
- "A man ought at all times to be aware of the judgements of God."[1]
- "If I could meet a leper, give him my body and take his, I should be very happy. That indeed is perfect charity."[1]
- "Without great vigilance a man does not advance in even a single virtue."[1]
Notable stories
editOnce certain monks came to Abba Agathon to test him, falsely accusing him of being a fornicator, a speaker of nonsense, a proud man, and a heretic. He accepted all their accusations as true except for their assertion that he was a heretic. Amazed by his humility, they left edified.[1]
Abba Agathon once admonished a brother monk for desiring to take a single discarded green pea on the roadside. He told this monk to never take anything that wasn't his.[1] Likewise, a brother once came to him with a piece of nitre from a tree he found on the road. The abba admonished him also and commanded him to return that which he had taken.[1]
Abba Agathon charged his disciples to sell their good in the market for the first price that the buyer asked for. Similarly, they would buy goods at the first price presented to them rather than negotiating.[1]
Once Abba Agathon encountered a sick man on the road to the market. He took him to a cell and paid for his rent for four months until the sick man was well again.[1]
Another time Abba Agathon saw a paralytic on the roadside. The man asked to be carried to the market, and thus the abba did. Upon request from the man, the abba used all of the proceeds from his sale at the market to buy such and such things for the man. When they had finished, he brought him back to where found him as he had asked. Suddenly, the man spoke to Abba Agathon telling him that he had divine virtues, and disappeared. Alas, it was not a paralytic, but and angel who had come to test him.[1]
In The Prologue of Ohrid the story is related of how a monk complimented Abba Agathon of a small knife that he used to cut brushwood. Upon hearing the compliment, the abba immediately gave the monk the knife as a gift.[3]
A troparion (tone 8) dedicated to Agathon:
By a flood of tears you made the desert fertile,
and your longing for God brought forth fruits in abundance.
By the radiance of miracles you illumined the whole universe!
O our holy father Agathon, pray to Christ our God to save our souls![4]
Verse
editA verse dedicated to Agathon:
- With cheerfulness and peace of heart, Agathon in solitude remembered his death.[7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Ward, Benedicta (1984). The sayings of the Desert Fathers: the alphabetical collection. Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications. ISBN 0-87907-959-2.
- ^ a b c Vivian, Tim. "Department of Philosophy & Religious Studies California State University Bakersfeld". Retrieved April 6, 2022.
- ^ a b Velimirović, Nikolaj. The prologue of Ohrid : lives of saints, hymns, reflections and homilies for every day of the year. OCLC 944525984.
- ^ a b "Venerable Agathon of Egypt - Troparion & Kontakion". www.oca.org. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
- ^ a b c "Venerable Agathon of Egypt". www.oca.org. Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "The Coptic encyclopedia, volume 1".
- ^ John. "Life and Sayings of Holy Abba Agathon of Egypt". Retrieved 2022-04-07.