The Addis Ababa City Administration (Amharic: የአዲስ አበባ ከተማ አስተዳደር) is a government executive organ of Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia. It is governed by mayor, and the lowest administrative unit is the woreda, led by a woreda administrator. As a federal structure the woreda administration has an elected council.
 | |
| Formation | 1964 |
|---|---|
| State | Chartered city |
| Country | Ethiopia |
| Website | cityaddisababa |
| Legislative branch | |
| Meeting place | Addis Ababa City Hall |
| Mayor | Adanech Abebe |
| Head | Mulugeta Tefera Wossen Megra |
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Administration
editIn Addis Ababa, the mayor is in charge of the administration of the city.[1] The lowest administration in Addis Ababa is woreda,[2] which is run by its administrators. Like the federal structure, the woreda administration has an elected council.[3]
Judiciary
editThere are three divisions of judiciary: the First Instance Court, High Court and Supreme Court, and Sharia Courts at both federal and regional levels having three divisions.[4][5][6] Sharia courts are typically optional, and can be used for personal and civil case.[7]
Civil status
editThe civil status documentation requires essential component such as birth, marriage and death in the woreda of residence, where an individual can obtain birth certificate by registration of birth of a child.[8][9][10] Residence identity card is strongly concerned for the same desk. The two documents are precedent to obtain national passport, which is issued by the Immigration Nationality and Vital Events Agency located at the city level.[11] The fees of insurance is higher than for civil status, requiring 600 ETB, the latter one is nominal.[12]
Law enforcement
editPeople sometimes have trouble calling police, which is the first point to report security incidents.[13] Uniformed police often solve minor disputes and conflicts over farmland in the outskirts of the city, water and pasture and other communal assets. There is also police impersonation in Addis Ababa. In June 2022, two suspects were apprehended named Bayissa Gemechu and Merga Garuma in the fraudulent I.D. that is used to carry out acts of robbery Addis Ababa.[14][15]
Education
editPrimary and secondary education is the responsibility of Regional Education Bureaus.[16][17] In each woreda, there are office departments that oversee/manage the education.[18]
Enrollment in primary and secondary education is free at first, parents need to cover the cost of educational material and uniforms. From grade 1 and 4, the primary instructional languages are Amharic and Oromo.[19][20] In grade 12, if students fail to enroll in university, they orient to vocational school based on curriculum based. A student can obtain certificate after one year of study and a diploma after three years.[21][22]
At the level of tertiary education, certificates obtained through asylum have to go through a equivalent mechanism to be valid in Ethiopia.[23] For foreign nationals, the admission of Ethiopian higher education is not automatically qualify, instead they undergo equivalent assessment or verification of foreign certificates with Education Relevance and Quality Agency (HERQA).[24][25] Once the process is completed, a student will enroll to Addis Ababa or Ambo University.
They will have to sign a cost sharing commitment with the government for the tuition fee, 75% of whom covered by the government.[26] Students assigned to any universities of the country by the Ministry of Education (MoE) after completion of grade 12 and scoring the minimum grade point average set by the MoE or through special placement exams.[27][28]
References
edit- ^ "Mayor | Addis Ababa City Government | Government of Ethiopia". cityaddisababa.gov.et. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ "Status of Local Governance at Woreda/District Level in Ethiopia". 26 September 2022.
- ^ Ayele; Fessha (2012). "The Constitutional Status of Local Government in Federal Systems: The Case of Ethiopia". Africa Today. 58 (4): 89. doi:10.2979/africatoday.58.4.89. ISSN 0001-9887. JSTOR 10.2979/africatoday.58.4.89. S2CID 154918214.
- ^ "The judiciary and its role in the realisation of constitutional rights" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ Fiseha, Assefa (1 November 2011). "Separation of powers and its implications for the judiciary in Ethiopia". Journal of Eastern African Studies. 5 (4): 702–715. doi:10.1080/17531055.2011.649576. ISSN 1753-1055. S2CID 143461167.
- ^ "World Bank Document" (PDF). 25 September 2022.
- ^ "LEGAL PLURALISM, SHARIA COURTS". 25 September 2022.
- ^ "Ethiopia | Centre of Excellence for Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems". crvssystems.ca. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ "CRVS – Birth, Marriage and Death Registration in Ethiopia". UNICEF DATA. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ "CIVIL STATUS". ambaddisabeba.esteri.it. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ "IMMIGRATION AND CITIZENSHIP SERVICE". www.invea.gov.et. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ Melaku Haile Likka; Shimeles Ololo Sinkie; Megerssa, Berhane (26 September 2022). "Willingness to Pay for Community-Based Health Insurance". arXiv:1912.04281 [econ.GN].
- ^ "Ethiopian police, Muslims clash in Addis Ababa during Idd prayers – VIDEO". The East African. 3 May 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ Account (9 June 2022). "Robbery with a false identity as Federal Police special units". Borkena Ethiopian News. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ "Robbery with a false identity as Federal Police special units". News Summed Up. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ "Chapter 1 Background of the Project" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ "BASIC EDUCATION SECTOR ANALYSIS REPORT – ETHIOPIA" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ "School Management and Decision-making" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ "using afaan oromoo as primary language of learning" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ "Browsing Linguistics by Title – AAU Institutional Repository". 26 September 2022.
- ^ Melese, Solomon; Tadege, Aschale (1 January 2019). Agosto, Vonzell (ed.). "The Ethiopian curriculum development and implementation vis-à-vis Schwab's signs of crisis in the field of curriculum". Cogent Education. 6 (1): 1633147. doi:10.1080/2331186X.2019.1633147.
- ^ "Ethiopian Education Development Roadmap (2018-30)" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ "The Quest for Refugee Higher Education in Ethiopia" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ "Higher Education Relevance and Quality Agency (HERQA)". 26 September 2022.
- ^ "Higher Education Relevance and Quality Agency (HERQA)". 26 September 2022.
- ^ "Ethiopian Education Development Roadmap (2018–30)" (PDF). 26 September 2022.
- ^ Monitor, Ethiopian (14 March 2022). "Ministry of Education Announces University Entrance Points". Ethiopian Monitor. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ "HIGHER EDUCATION ENTRANCE STUDENT PLACEMENT" (PDF). 26 September 2022.