Local executive elections (Indonesian: Pemilihan Kepala Daerah/Pilkada) to elect governors, mayors and regents in Indonesia will be held on 27 November 2024 across 548 regions: 37 provinces, 415 regencies and 93 cities, which covered all provinces except Yogyakarta Special Region and all cities/regencies except the constituents of Jakarta.[1] The previous local executive elections were held in 2020.[2][3] The elections will be the first time regional leaders are all elected simultaneously nationwide in Indonesia.[4]
 | |||
| |||
37 governors, 415 regents, and 93 mayors | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
 Lead parties candidate of results by city/regency | |||
| |||
Background
editIndonesia began electing regional leaders through direct elections in 2005, and between 2015 and 2020, all regional elections held in the year were held at the same date.[5] In 2016, a law was passed which made all regional elections starting in 2024 to be held on the same date. As a consequence, regional leaders elected in 2017 and 2018 would be replaced by appointed officials after the end of their term until the 2024 elections are held.[6] On the other hand, regional leaders elected in 2020 would only serve for less than a full five-year term, ranging from three to four years.[7] On 24 January 2022, the House of Representatives agreed to set the date of the 2024 local elections at 27 November 2024.[8]
The elections are regulated by the Law No. 10 of 2016 on local elections.[9]
Timeline
edit| 8 – 12 May[12] | Independent candidate verification |
| 27 – 29 August[a] | Candidate registration |
| 22 September | Official candidate confirmation |
| 25 September – 23 November | Campaigning period |
| 27 November | Election date |
| 27 November – 16 December | Vote counting |
Candidates
editAll candidates are required to be, at minimum, graduates of senior high school or equivalent. Any approved candidates are required to resign from certain government positions, including legislative offices, Armed Forces/Police positions, civil servants, and employees of state-owned companies. The minimum age is 30 for gubernatorial candidates and 25 for mayor/regent candidates. Furthermore, a two-term limit applies including for different regions, and former governors/regents/mayors are not allowed to run for vice-leader of their previous position.[15] On 30 May 2024, the Supreme Court of Indonesia ruled that the age limit applied to the age of the candidates on the date of swearing in should they win the election (which are expected to take place in 2025[16]), instead of the registration date of the election.[17] In particular, this change allowed Kaesang Pangarep, son of 7th Indonesian President Joko Widodo, to contest gubernatorial elections.[18] A ruling by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia reverted the criteria, setting the age benchmark to be the date of the official confirmation of candidates.[19]
The General Elections Commission (KPU) initially noted that legislators newly elected in the 2024 Indonesian legislative election did not need to resign, however, this was later rescinded and elected legislators will also be required to resign.[20] Candidates can either run as an independent or a party-backed candidate. To run with party backing, the candidate is required to secure the formal support of a party or a coalition of parties which collectively hold at least 20 percent of seats in the relevant Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) or between 6.5 and 10 percent[b] of votes in the 2024 legislative election in the area, depending on the population.[22][23][24]
Independent candidates are required to submit photocopies of identity cards as proof of support, numbering between 6.5 to 10 percent of the registered electorate in a given region.[25] According to KPU, 168 independent candidates nationwide registered, down from 203 which registered for the 2020 elections.[26] For all gubernatorial elections, eleven pairs of independent candidates registered, of which two pairs are confirmed to have submitted sufficient proofs. One of the two resigned, leaving just one pair of independent candidates running for governor (Dharma Pongrekun in Jakarta).[27]
Electoral system
edit
All the local elections in 2024 follow the first-past-the-post system where the candidate with the most votes wins the election, even if they do not win a majority. In prior elections, the gubernatorial election for Jakarta requires a runoff should no candidates achieve a simple majority, but this runoff requirement has been removed for the 2024 election.[28] It is possible for a candidate to run uncontested, in which case the candidate is still required to win a majority of votes "against" an "empty box" option. Should the candidate fail to do so, the election will be repeated on a later date.[29]
Controversies
editCentral government appointment of officials as acting executives due to the election synchronization has been criticized for the lack of transparency, with almost half of Indonesia's regions being governed by the appointees at the time of the election.[4] KPU's decision to set just five days (8 to 12 May) to allow registration of independent candidates was also criticized for being too short, with a prospective gubernatorial candidate in Jakarta filing a suit with the General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) over the decision.[12]
The ruling by the Supreme Court regarding the eligibility of candidates by age was also criticized for benefiting Kaesang, and was compared with a similar decision by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia in the leadup to the 2024 Indonesian presidential election which enabled Gibran Rakabuming Raka, Kaesang's older brother, to run as Vice President of Indonesia.[30]
Races
editGubernatorial
editGubernatorial elections are held in all of Indonesia's provinces, except for the Special Region of Yogyakarta where the Sultan of Yogyakarta and the Duke of Pakualam are automatically the governor and vice-governor, respectively.[31]
Mayoral
editElections for mayors are held in all cities, except for those which constitute Jakarta.[32] The table below contains all mayoral races, sorted by population in descending order.
Regency
editElections for regents are held in all regencies, except for Thousand Islands Regency which constitute Jakarta.[32] The table below contains regency races for regencies with populations above 500,000 or otherwise notable runs, sorted by population in descending order.
Results summary
editThis table lists elected candidates based on their political party affiliation at the time of the election. Candidates which are not a member of any political party are listed as independent regardless of endorsements from political parties.
| Party | Governors | Mayors | Regents | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Golkar | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Gerindra Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Nasdem Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| National Awakening Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Prosperous Justice Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Democratic Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| National Mandate Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| United Development Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| People's Conscience Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Indonesian Solidarity Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Perindo Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Aceh Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Crescent Star Party | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Non-party members | 0 / 37 |
0 / 93 |
0 / 415 | |
| Total | 37 | 93 | 415 | |
Notes
edit- ^ Subject to a three-day extension should only one candidate register, and there are political parties eligible to nominate another candidate.[13] This corresponded to 48 elections, including one gubernatorial election, five mayoral elections, and 42 regency elections. The regions received an extension to 4 September.[14]
- ^ Prior to a Constitutional Court ruling in August 2024, the popular vote requirement was set to 25 percent. Furthermore, the decision also overturned a previous rule where only political parties with representation within DPRD are allowed to nominate candidates – hence allowing parties which participated in the legislative election while not winning any seats to nominate a candidate.[21]
- ^ a b c Prior to replacement with appointed acting governors/mayors/regents, including elected deputies which replaced leaders who died in office, resigned, or arrested. Party affiliation are given as of election date.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc Not allowed to run due to term limits.
References
edit- ^ "Ridwan Kamil Pertimbangkan Pimpin Kembali Jabar". Kantor Berita Radio (in Indonesian). 12 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ Aida, Nur Rohmi (12 July 2022). Nugroho, Rizal Setyo (ed.). "Tahapan dan Jadwal Pemilu 2024: Pemilihan Legislatif hingga Pilpres". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ Nafi'an, Muhammad Ilman. "KPU Pastikan Pilkada 2022 dan 2023 Diundur ke 2024". IDN Times (in Indonesian). Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Will 2024's regional head elections strengthen or undermine Indonesian democracy?". East Asia Forum (in Indonesian). 11 January 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ "Pilkada Langsung Serentak: Sejarah dan Perkembangannya di Indonesia". Kompas (in Indonesian). 7 December 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "Kepala Daerah yang Habis Masa Jabatannya di 2022/2023 Disebut Tak Perlu Diperpanjang". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). 12 March 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "Tak Jabat 5 Tahun, Kepala Daerah Pilkada 2020 Ada Kompensasi". Republika (in Indonesian). 24 August 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "Parliament sets simultaneous local elections date at November 27, 2024". Antara News (in Indonesian). 24 January 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "KPU Tunduk pada UU Pilkada soal Jadwal Pilkada 2024". Media Indonesia (in Indonesian). 1 March 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ "Tahapan dan Jadwal Pilkada Serentak 2024 Sesuai Peraturan KPU". detiknews (in Indonesian). 4 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ Salam, Hidayat (31 March 2024). "Pendaftaran Jalur Independen Dimulai 5 Mei 2024, KPU Segera Rampungkan Peraturannya". Kompas (in Indonesian). Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ a b Fawdi, Maulana Ilhami (20 May 2024). "KPU Dilaporkan ke Bawaslu terkait Aturan Calon Kepala Daerah Independen". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 26 May 2024.
- ^ "KPU Perpanjang Pendaftaran Pilkada 2024 Jika Cuma Ada 1 Paslon". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 27 August 2024. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
- ^ Muliawati, Anggi (30 August 2024). "KPU: Ada 48 Wilayah dengan Calon Tunggal, Pendaftaran Akan Diperpanjang". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 4 September 2024.
- ^ "PEMILUPEDIA: Syarat Calon Kepala Daerah di Pilkada Serentak 2024". Metro TV News (in Indonesian). 4 April 2024. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ "Tito soal Pilkada Dimajukan: Pelantikan Kepala Daerah Serentak 1 Januari 2025". Kumparan (in Indonesian). 31 August 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "MA Perintahkan KPU Cabut Aturan Batas Usia Calon Kepala Daerah". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "MA Tambah Tafsir soal Batas Usia Calon Kepala Daerah, Beri Jalan Kaesang Maju Pilgub Jakarta?". Tempo (in Indonesian). 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "DPR dan KPU sepakat jalankan putusan MK soal Pilkada 2024". BBC News Indonesia (in Indonesian). 21 August 2024. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
- ^ "KPU Berubah Sikap: Caleg Terpilih Harus Mundur Jika Maju Pilkada 2024". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 16 May 2024. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "Partai Buruh dan Gelora Gugat Aturan Pencalonan Pilkada". Rmol.id (in Indonesian). 21 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
- ^ Salam, Hidayat (1 April 2024). "Penyusunan Aturan Pendaftaran Calon Kepala Daerah dari Parpol Masih Tunggu MK". Kompas (in Indonesian). Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ "Pencalonan Pilkada Akan Mengacu Hasil Pemilu 2024". Harian Jogja (in Indonesian). 22 February 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ Wibawana, Widhia Arum (26 August 2024). "PKPU Nomor 10 Tahun 2024: Isi Pasal Perubahan dan Link Unduh". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 26 August 2024.
- ^ "Syarat Calon Independen Pilkada 2024 yang Harus Dipenuhi". Kumparan (in Indonesian). 26 February 2024. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ "Jumlah Calon Independen di Pilkada 2024 Turun, Pengamat Politik: dari Persyaratan Saja Sudah Menyulitkan". Suara Surabaya (in Indonesian). 13 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
- ^ "KPU Sebut Hanya Ada 1 Bakal Calon Independen di Pilgub 2024". Tempo (in Indonesian). 16 May 2024. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
- ^ "Infografis Pilkada Jakarta Disepakati Hanya Satu Putaran". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). 20 March 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ Mardika, Nando Yussele (5 November 2020). "Jika Kotak Kosong Menang, Pilkada Akan Diulang?". hukumonline.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 16 April 2024.
- ^ "Kaesang dan Pilkada 2024: Putusan MA soal syarat usia calon kepala daerah - Ada kepentingan politik demi muluskan Kaesang Pangarep?". BBC News Indonesia (in Indonesian). 2 June 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024.
- ^ "Kenapa di Jogja Tidak Ada Pemilihan Gubernur?". Okezone Nasional (in Indonesian). 10 November 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Pemerintahan Daerah: DKI Jakarta Tak Perlu Pemilihan Bupati/Wali kota" (in Indonesian). Constitutional Court of Indonesia. 7 August 2008. Retrieved 8 April 2024.