Wikipedia

2017 Iranian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Iran on 19 May 2017, the twelfth of such elections. Local elections were held simultaneously.

2017 Iranian presidential election
← 2013 19 May 2017 2021 →
Opinion polls
Turnout73.33% (Increase 0.62pp)
 
Nominee Hassan Rouhani Ebrahim Raisi
Party MDP CCA
Alliance Reformists Principlists
Popular vote 23,636,652 15,835,794
Percentage 58.85% 39.43%
President before election

Hassan Rouhani
MDP

Elected President

Hassan Rouhani
MDP

Candidate registration took place from 11 to 15 April 2017. Incumbent president Hassan Rouhani was eligible to run for re-election. His rivals were the conservatives' top candidate Ebrahim Raisi, the Islamic Coalition Party's Mostafa Mir-Salim and Mostafa Hashemitaba who ran with no partisan support.[1]

Rouhani was re-elected for a second term. According to results announced by the Interior Ministry, Rouhani received 59% of the vote, while his closest rival Ebrahim Raisi received 39%. Rouhani was re-inaugurated on 5 August 2017 taking the oath of office for the second time at the Parliament of Iran.

Electoral system

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See also: President of Iran

The president of Iran is elected using the two-round system. To win in the first round, a candidate must receive more than 50% of all votes cast (both valid and invalid).[2]

Eligibility

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Any Iranian citizen above 18 years of age was able to register as a presidential candidate. An institution called the Election Monitoring Agency (EMA) and managed by the Guardian Council vets registered candidates and approves a handful to run in the election. The Guardian Council does not publicly announce the reason a particular candidate is rejected, although those reasons are explained to each candidate. Women who register as candidates have invariably been excluded from standing for election by the council.[3][4]

Timeline

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According to the official dates announced on 1 April 2017 by the Ministry of Interior:[5]

  • 11 April – Start of the election process with the Minister of the Interior's order
  • 11–13 April – Governors establish Executive Boards
  • 11–15 April – Registration period for candidates
  • 15 April – Registration ends at 18:00 IRDT
  • 16 April – Guardian Council begins vetting registered candidates
  • 20 April – Guardian Council addresses objections from disqualified candidates
  • 20 April – Final list of candidates announced
  • 21 April – Final candidates launch official campaigns
  • 17 May – End of campaigns
  • 19 May – Election date

Candidates

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Registration and vetting process

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For a list of candidates disqualified, see List of candidates in the Iranian presidential election, 2017.
 
Former president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who endorsed his protégé, and former vice president Hamid Baghaei, registered as a candidate along with him.

During the five days period, a total of 1,636 individuals put their name to run for president, an increase over the 686 candidates in the previous election in 2013. Among the candidates was a record number of 137 women.[6] Hundreds of the applicants were ordinary people with no political background[7] and clearly lacked the criteria cited in the article 115 of the constitution, which is being considered among "religious and political rejal" ("men" or "personalities", according to different interpretations).[8] Many criticized the law, which allows almost anyone to register to run.[6] Some intended to gain public attention, including political prisoners Mehdi Khazali and former MP Ghasem Sholeh-Saadi,a millionaire property developer applied from Australia Alireza Ahmadian[9] and some women tried to challenge the judicial interpretation of word rejal as "men", most notably Azam Taleghani.[6][9]

On 20 April 2017 the Guardian Council announced a list of 6 approved candidates. The list contains incumbent president Hassan Rouhani, incumbent vice president Eshaq Jahangiri, Astan Quds Razavi custodian Ebrahim Raisi, Tehran Mayor Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Mostafa Mir-Salim and Mostafa Hashemitaba.[citation needed]

Former president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and his vice president Hamid Baghaei were disqualified.[10] Ahmadinejad, who was advised by the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei not to run for the election,[11] wrote a letter in September 2016 to him, pledging that he would not run.[12] On 11 February 2017, he officially declared that he would not back any candidate, however, in a video released on 19 March 2017 he announced his support for Hamid Baghaei[13] and surprised observers by himself registering to run.[14]

Mohammad Gharazi was also among those disqualified, despite being approved as a candidate in 2013.[15]

Approved candidates

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Candidate Party affiliation Previous offices
Executive Legislative Judicial Military/Security
 
Mostafa Hashemitaba
(campaign)
Executives of Construction Party
— — —
 
Ebrahim Raisi
(campaign)
Combatant Clergy Association
 — —
—
 
Hassan Rouhani
(campaign)
Moderation and Development Party
 President (2013–2021)
—
 
Mostafa Mir-Salim
(campaign)
Islamic Coalition Party
— — Caretaker Commander of the Shahrbani (1980–1981)

Withdrawals

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In his statement, Ghalibaf accused current president Hassan Rouhani of financial mismanagement and asserted that he and his supporters were "revolutionary opportunists."[17] The statement read:

The fight against pseudo-revolutionary opportunists has become highly costly, because this current is gnawing at the roots of the Revolution like a termite...[They] are not only at odds with the intellectual fundaments of original revolutionaries, but also represent a current whose material interests are at risk.[18]

Candidate Party affiliation Previous offices Endorsed
Executive Lawmaking Judicial Military/Security
 
Eshaq Jahangiri
(campaign)
Executives of Construction Party
MP (1984–1992) — —
Hassan Rouhani
 
Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf
(campaign)
Population For Progress and Justice
 Mayor of Tehran (2005–2017) — —
Ebrahim Raisi

Campaign

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See also: Hassan Rouhani 2017 presidential campaign, Ebrahim Raisi 2017 presidential campaign, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf 2017 presidential campaign, Mostafa Mir-Salim 2017 presidential campaign, and Mostafa Hashemitaba 2017 presidential campaign

Debates and TV programs

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Main article: 2017 Iranian presidential election debates

Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) provides each candidate with 210 minutes for campaign talks on TV,[20] and there would be three debate sessions on politics, economics, and social pressing issues aired on Channel 1.[21] On 20 April 2017, Election Campaign Monitoring Commission announced that there would be no live debates and it will broadcast prerecorded,[22] however, after vast criticism from candidates and Iranian people the commission revoked its decision two days later.[23] Candidates are scheduled to air dedicated programmes on IRIB TV channels and radio stations, 555 minutes for each per candidate, and a sum of 1,470 minutes including the debates.[24]

Campaigning platforms and techniques

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The election was characterised for usage of populist practices[25][26] and mudslinging.[27] The conservatives launched smear campaigns against the reformist-backed candidate Hassan Rouhani,[1][25] while he initially refrained from campaigning in this way. Rouhani later changed strategy by simply attacking his rivals[28] and the incumbent administration used fearmongering tactics to encourage people to vote.[29]

Role of social media

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Social media was traditionally a tool for the reformists to campaign, but the presence of conservatives during the election was unprecedented in Iranian political history.[30]

 
Third Iranian debate, 2017 election

Telegram instant messaging service, the most widely used messaging application in Iran, reportedly has more than 45 million users in a country of nearly 80 million as of April 2016.[31] It serves as a platform for Iranians to express their political opinions[32] and played an important role in the campaigns for the elections held in 2016 for Parliament and Assembly of Experts.[33] Twitter is blocked in Iran, however, Iranians use proxies to tweet and those that create a buzz, then travel to Telegram channels, where "they can potentially reach a much wider audience" according to BBC.[34]

Two months before election, Iranian Judiciary arrested some pro-Hassan Rouhani Telegram channel administrators for "crimes against public morals and publishing obscenity”.[31]

The campaigners also heavily used Instagram[34] and its feature of airing live videos to stream real-time campaign developments.[35]

Tactical nomination of Jahangiri

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Rouhani and I are side-by-side.

— Eshaq Jahangiri[36]

President Rouhani's ally and first vice president Eshaq Jahangiri stood in the election to support him during the campaign and in TV debates,[37] being called as a 'fender' or 'cover candidate' by Iranian media,[38] who will possibly withdraw in support of the incumbent president.[39] The idea was allegedly recommended by Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani,[38] who was a key backer of Rouhani before his death in January 2017.[37] Another reason cited for the nomination was to have an 'alternative candidate' in case the Guardian Council disqualified Rouhani[40] or raise his profile for a bid in 2021 election.[36]

Jahangiri withdrew in favor of Rouhani on 16 May 2017.[citation needed]

Hashemitaba's endorsement of Rouhani

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Candidate Mostafa Hashemitaba released a statement on 15 May 2017 and endorsed Rouhani, but refused to quit the race. He said he "will vote for the current president to help extension of this government's constructive approach".[41]

Conservative consensus candidate

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Ghalibaf appeared at Raisi's campaign rally in Tehran's Mosalla, 16 May 2017
Further information: Popular Front of Islamic Revolution Forces

Among the approved candidates, Ebrahim Raisi, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Mostafa Mir-Salim were regarded as figures of the conservative camp, which intended to bring one single candidate for the election.[42] Popular Front of Islamic Revolution Forces (JAMNA), the umbrella organization established to introduce one single consensus candidate for the conservatives finally endorsed both Raisi and Ghalibaf,[1] and it was unclear if any of them would drop out in favor of a fellow conservative.[43]

On 15 May 2017, Ghalibaf gave up his bid in favor of Raisi.[16]

Islamic Coalition Party released a statement on 18 May 2017, announcing it supports Raisi's bid for presidency following the withdrawal of Mostafa Mir-Salim,[44] despite the fact that Mir-Salim denied that he is withdrawing from the race.[45]

Endorsements and positions

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Organization Endorsed candidate
Popular Front of Islamic Revolution Forces[1] Ebrahim Raisi
Front of Islamic Revolution Stability[46]
Combatant Clergy Association[46]
Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom[47]
Resistance Front of Islamic Iran[48]
Front of Followers of the Line of the Imam and the Leader[49]
YEKTA Front[50]
Ansar-e-Hezbollah[51]
Union of Islamic Student Societies[52]
Islamic Society of Engineers[53]
Moderation and Development Party[54] Hassan Rouhani
Association of Combatant Clerics[57]
Assembly of Qom Seminary Scholars and Researchers[57]
Executives of Construction Party[citation needed]
Union of Islamic Iran People Party[58]
National Trust Party[59]
Will of the Iranian Nation Party[60]
Assembly of the Forces of Imam's Line[61]
Islamic Association of University Instructors[62]
Islamic Iran Solidarity Party[63]
Democracy Party[64]
NEDA Party[65]
Workers' House[66]
Freedom Movement of Iran[67]
Kurdish United Front[68]
Iranian Call and Reform Organization[69]
Green Path of Hope[70]
National Front[71]
Council of Nationalist-Religious Activists of Iran[72]
Islamic Coalition Party[73] Mostafa Mir-Salim
Religious communities
Exiled opposition

Opinion polls

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Main article: Opinion polling for the 2017 Iranian presidential election
 
Results of opinion polls of decided votes conducted by the Washington DC-based firm International Perspectives for Public Opinion (iPPO) between 6–17 May 2017[83]

Voter demographics

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2017 Presidential vote by demographic subgroup[83]
Demographic subgroup Votes:   Rouhani  Raisi
Age
18–45 years old
70.3%
45 and older
77.6%
Gender
Women
70.2%
Men
74.2%
Education
Higher education
78.2%
High school or less
69.3%
Community size
Rural
67.3%
Urban
73.3%
Religion
Shia
74.3%
Minorities
88.9%
Human Development Index
High
77.2%
Middle
70.4%
Low
78.9%
Economic class
High
77.2%
Middle
73.3%
Low
70.8%

Conduct

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See also: 2017 Iranian local elections

Voting started at 08:00 on Friday, 29 May 2017 and took place at 63,429 polling stations across Iran, as well as around 14,000 mobile ballot boxes. It involved around 1.5 million executive forces and monitors, 350,000 security forces, 70,000 inspectors, and around 100,000 representatives of local governors.[84] After a "huge rush" of citizens to vote,[85] the polling time was extended for several extra hours until midnight which is the latest possible time allowed by the law.[86]

Among the citizens eligible to vote in the election, about 2.5 million lived abroad and the elections were held in 103 countries, including the United States.[87]

Canada, which hosts at least 400,000 Iranians,[87] does not have diplomatic relations with Iran, a situation which hindered participation of Iranian citizens.[88] However, some traveled to the United States in order to vote.[89]

Allegations of foreign interference

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During the elections, several Iranian analysts and officials warned of a possible foreign electoral intervention.

The head of Iran's judicial system, Sadeq Larijani, warned that Iran's enemies made a "huge investment" to undermine and exploit the elections: "The enemies may want to deal a blow to the Iranian political system during the elections".[90]

On 20 April 2017 Rustam Minnikhanov – President of Tatarstan and Vladimir Putin's envoy, met with candidate Ebrahim Raisi in Mashhad in Raisi's capacity as Head of Astan Quds Razavi. MP Alireza Rahimi questioned the meeting and asked for explanations about the reasons for it, citing alleged Russian interference in 2016 U.S. election. "The recent meeting raises the suspicion of interference in the elections, which is not appropriate", he said.[91][92]

According to the official Islamic Republic News Agency, Minnikhanov also met vice president Eshaq Jahangiri in Tehran one day earlier, discussing bilateral relations.[93]

Results

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According to final results, 41,366,085 voted from a registered electorate of 56,410,234. Turnout was 73.33%. The Ministry of Interior announced results gradually after midnight (local time), after polls closed. Final results were announced on 8 June 2017.[94]

CandidatePartyVotes%
Hassan RouhaniModeration and Development Party23,636,65258.85
Ebrahim RaisiCombatant Clergy Association15,835,79439.43
Mostafa Mir-SalimIslamic Coalition Party478,2671.19
Mostafa HashemitabaExecutives of Construction Party214,4410.53
Total40,165,154100.00
Valid votes40,165,15497.10
Invalid/blank votes1,200,9312.90
Total votes41,366,085100.00
Registered voters/turnout56,410,23473.33
Source: Ministry of Interior

Provincial votes

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The table below displays the official vote tallies by province:

Provinces/districts won by Rouhani
Provinces/districts won by Raisi

International votes

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The table below displays the official vote tallies by country:

Counties won by Rouhani
Counties won by Raisi
Country Rouhani Raisi Mir-Salim Hashemitaba
Vote Count Vote Percentage Vote Count Vote Percentage Vote Count Vote Percentage Vote Count Vote Percentage Source
Afghanistan 229 72.93 71 22.61 12 3.82 2 0.64 [31]
Algeria 27 72.97 10 27.03 0 0 0 0 [32]
Armenia 1,443 94.19 76 4.96 8 0.52 5 0.33 [33]
Australia 9,951 97.49 235 2.30 13 0.13 8 0.08 [34]
Azerbaijan 1,263 90.86 113 8.13 6 0.43 8 0.58 [35]
Bangladesh 40 78.43 8 15.69 1 1.96 2 3.92 [36]
Brunei 15 78.95 2 10.53 0 0 2 10.53 [37]
Burkina Faso 6 85.71 1 14.29 0 0 0 0 [38]
China 1,633 89.48 177 9.70 9 0.49 6 0.33 [39]
Congo 9 64.29 4 28.57 1 7.14 0 0 [40]
Croatia 33 91.67 3 8.33 0 0 0 0 [41]
Cyprus 1,399 96.15 50 3.44 3 0.21 3 0.21 [42]
Czech Republic 194 97.98 4 2.02 0 0 0 0 [43]
Denmark 953 92.34 73 7.07 2 0.19 4 0.39 [44]
Egypt 48 87.27 6 10.91 1 1.81 0 0 [45]
Ethiopia 17 80.95 4 19.05 0 0 0 0 [46]
Finland 419 94.80 17 3.85 5 1.13 1 0.23 [47]
France 3,225 96.13 112 3.34 7 0.21 11 0.33 [48]
Georgia 1,145 92.71 80 6.45 3 0.24 7 0.57 [49]
Germany 11,926 94.97 574 4.57 33 0.26 24 0.19 [50][permanent dead link‍]
Ghana 38 95 2 5 0 0 0 0 [51]
Greece 189 90.87 16 7.69 2 0.96 1 0.48 [52]
Guinea-Bissau 13 81.25 3 18.75 0 0 0 0 [53]
Hong Kong 59 90.77 5 7.69 0 0 1 1.54 [54]
Hungary 1,176 96.95 34 2.80 2 0.16 1 0.08 [55]
India 1,434 87.81 180 12.02 16 0.98 3 0.18 [56]
Indonesia 91 81.25 18 16.07 2 1.79 1 0.89 [57]
Iraq 10,070 34.47 18,608 63.70 345 1.18 187 0.64 [58]
Japan 444 87.05 61 11.96 2 0.39 3 0.59 [59]
Jordan 49 76.56 12 18.75 3 4.69 0 0 [60]
Kazakhstan 185 54.25 154 45.16 2 0.59 0 0 [61]
Kenya 66 86.84 8 10.52 1 1.32 1 1.32 [62]
Kuwait 4,340 68.24 1,901 29.89 78 1.23 41 0.64 [63]
Kyrgyzstan 103 83.06 19 15.32 1 0.81 1 0.81 [64]
Lebanon 401 42.61 533 56.64 4 0.43 3 0.32 [65]
Madagascar 10 62.5 6 37.5 0 0 0 0 [66]
Malaysia 2,516 95.67 103 3.92 8 0.30 3 0.11 [67]
Mali 8 66.67 4 33.33 0 0 0 0 [68]
Morocco 44 95.65 2 4.35 0 0 0 0 [69]
Namibia 6 66.67 3 33.33 0 0 0 0 [70]
Netherlands 1,944 93.32 124 5.95 11 0.53 4 0.19 [71]
New Zealand 914 96.01 34 3.57 4 0.42 0 0 [72]
Niger 8 88.89 1 11.11 0 0 0 0 [73]
Nigeria 10 66.67 4 26.67 0 0 1 6.67 [74]
North Korea 6 50 6 50 0 0 0 0 [75]
Norway 806 95.16 37 4.37 2 0.24 2 0.24 [76]
Oman 1,082 80.75 225 16.79 22 1.64 11 0.82 [77]
Pakistan 693 84.31 112 13.63 6 0.73 11 1.34 [78]
Philippines 181 88.29 23 11.22 1 0.49 0 0 [79]
Poland 155 91.18 11 6.47 4 2.35 0 0 [80]
Qatar 1,963 75.01 622 23.77 32 1.22 0 0 [81]
Romania 246 90.77 23 8.49 2 0.74 0 0 [82]
Russia 1,030 84.70 167 13.73 13 1.07 6 0.49 [83]
Senegal 13 52 11 44 0 0 1 4 [84]
Serbia 66 92.96 4 5.63 1 1.41 0 0 [85]
Sierra Leone 5 55.56 4 44.44 0 0 0 0 [86]
Singapore 287 95.99 10 3.34 2 0.67 0 0 [87]
South Africa 295 91.05 24 7.41 3 0.93 2 0.62 [88]
South Korea 362 91.65 31 7.85 1 0.25 1 0.25 [89]
Sri Lanka 285 92.83 17 5.54 2 0.65 3 0.98 [90]
Sweden 3,039 93.45 194 5.97 13 0.40 6 0.18 [91]
Switzerland 1,475 94.19 80 5.11 7 0.45 4 0.26 [92]
Syria 360 13.99 2,196 85.31 11 0.43 7 0.27 [93]
Tajikistan 407 87.71 51 10.99 3 0.65 3 0.65 [94]
Tanzania 83 72.17 30 26.09 1 0.87 1 0.87 [95]
Thailand 347 88.97 43 11.03 0 0 0 0 [96]
Tunisia 36 70.59 14 27.45 0 0 1 1.96 [97]
Turkey 4,723 95.55 188 3.80 24 0.49 8 0.16 [98]
Turkmenistan 204 76.50 60 22.47 2 0.75 1 0.37 [99]
Uganda 23 69.70 10 30.30 0 0 0 0 [100]
United Arab Emirates 9,919 88.98 1,127 10.11 63 0.57 39 0.35 [101]
United Kingdom 9,472 94.20 530 5.27 35 0.35 18 0.18 [102]
United States 29,118 96.06 1,038 3.42 118 0.39 38 0.13 [103]
Uzbekistan 89 86.41 14 13.59 0 0 0 0 [104]
Vietnam 22 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 [105]
Zimbabwe 38 90.48 4 9.52 0 0 0 0 [106]

Maps and graphs

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  •  
    Iranian presidential election, 2017 by province (shaded)
  •  
    Iranian presidential election, 2017 by province. The size of each pie chart is proportional to the total votes of each province.
  •  
    Iranian presidential election, 2017 by province. The area of each province is proportional to the number of its total votes.
  •  
    Iranian presidential election, 2017 by county
  •  
    Votes received by Rouhani per province and county
  •  
    Votes received by Raisi per province and county
  •  
    Iranian presidential election, 2017 by province. The size of each province is proportional to its population.
  •  
    Result of the Iranian presidential election, 2017 (Bar chart)
  •  
    Result of the Iranian presidential election, 2017 (Pie chart)
  •  
    Voter turnout by each province
  •  
    Overseas Diaspora Votes for 2017 Iranian Presidential Election

Reactions

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Domestic

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Rouhani's supporters celebrating his re-election in Valiasr Street, Tehran

Tens of thousands of supporters of President Hassan Rouhani poured into the streets of Tehran to celebrate the incumbent's re-election.[95] The Tehran Stock Exchange rallied after the election results came out, extending a recent winning streak to close almost 1% higher at its highest level in three months.[96]

On 21 May 2017, Ebrahim Raisi wrote a letter to the Guardian Council, objecting to the results.[97]

Individuals

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  • Supreme Leader of Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, issued a message commending the Iranian people for their "massive and epic" turnout in the country's twin elections: "The winner of yesterday's elections, is you, the Iranian people, and the Islamic establishment, which has managed to win the increasing trust of this big nation despite the enemies' plot and effort."[citation needed] He did not congratulate Rouhani, contrarily to what had done following the previous election in 2013.[98]
  • Among lost candidates, Mostafa Mir-Salim and Mostafa Hashemitaba both congratulated Rouhani on his reelection,[99] but Ebrahim Raisi did not.[100] Rouhani was also congratulated by withdrawn candidates Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf[101] and Eshaq Jahangiri.[102]
  • Hassan Rouhani made the following remarks in a televised speech following the announcement of his election victory: "Iranians clearly and explicitly sent their message to the world through the Friday elections", adding "Our nation wants to live in peace and friendship with the world, but at the same time, it will accept no humiliation or threat."[citation needed]
  • Parliament Speaker Ali Larijani[103] and Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council, Rear Admiral Ali Shamkhani[104] congratulated Rouhani on his reelection to the office.
  • Foreign minister Mohammad Javad Zarif said: "We derive stability not from 'coalitions', but from our people, who – unlike many – do vote. Iranians must be respected and are ready to engage."[105] There were some reports that Donald Trump wanted to create a Sunni 'coalition' in the Arab world against Iran during his visit to Saudi Arabia, where elections are an anomaly.[106]

Organizations

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  • Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps: On 7 March 2017, IRGC commander-in-chief Gen. Mohammad Ali Jafari said "Like in the past, nobody in the IRGC, neither the guards nor the commanders, is permitted to interfere in the elections politically or factionally and to discredit the candidates".[107] On 1 May 2017, Deputy IRGC Commander for Political Affairs Gen. Rasoul Sanaei told press that IRGC "will not support any candidate in the May 19 presidential election".[108]

International

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Supranational
  •   United Nations – Secretary-General António Guterres congratulated Hassan Rouhani on his re-election as President of the Islamic Republic of Iran. UN spokesman Stéphane Dujarric, speaking to reporters on Monday evening in New York, said Guterres' message includes a willingness to maintain cooperation with Iran on issues of mutual interest.[109]
  •   European Union – High Representative Federica Mogherini congratulated Rouhani on his victory: "Iranians took passionately part to political life of their country".[110]
States
  •   Afghanistan – President Ashraf Ghani, on behalf of the Afghan people and government, congratulated the people and government of Iran on Rouhani's re-election.[111] Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah also congratulated the re-election of Rouhani in Iran's election.[112]
  •   Armenia – President Serzh Sargsyan sent a congratulatory message to his Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani on his re-election.[113] Karekin II, the Armenians' religious leader sent a congratulatory message to President Hassan Rouhani on his reelection. "With your leadership, the fatithful Iranian people would pursue their advances towards their country's development and progress," his message reads.[114]
  •   Azerbaijan – President Ilham Aliyev congratulated his Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani on his re-election as president.[115]
  •   Canada – Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland said her country "welcomes President Rouhani's commitment to continue implementing Iran's nuclear obligations under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) and to improve the lives of ordinary Iranians."[116]
  •   China – President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory message to his Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani on his re-election as president, which will give him a second four-year term.[117]
  •   Croatia – President Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic sent a congratulatory message to his Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani on his re-election as president.[118]
  •   Cuba – President Raúl Castro congratulated Rouhani on his re-election to the top executive post. Castro also underlined the expansion of mutual cooperation between the two countries.[119]
  •   France – President Emmanuel Macron congratulated Rouhani for his re-election and said this reinforced the hope his government would apply the international nuclear agreement, his office said in a statement.[120]
  •   Georgia – President Giorgi Margvelashvili congratulated the victory of Hassan Rouhani in the election: "I am confident that by your excellent management, the outlook for the expansion of ties between Tehran and Tbilisi is bright, and I am waiting for a visit to reach such goal".[121]
  •   Germany – Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel congratulated Rouhani on his re-election as president, stressing closer cooperation between Germany and Iran.[122]
  •   Hungary – Prime Minister Viktor Orbán congratulated Hassan Rouhani on his re-election. In his message to Rouhani, Orbán said: "I assure you that Hungarian government will continue high-level negotiations with Iran to reinforce economic cooperation and promote ties between the two countries."[123]
  •   India – Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Rouhani on his re-election, calling to strengthen relations with Iran.[124][125]
  •   Iraq – According to the official statement of the Iraqi government office, the Iraqi president Fuad Masum offered his warmest wishes and congratulated Hassan Rouhani on his re-election as the Iranian president.[126] Iraqi Prime Minister Haider Al-Abadi also congratulated President Rouhani for being re-elected as president of Iran and stressed that Iraq has good relations with all the neighboring countries.[127]
  •   Israel – Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman, in an interview published on 11 April 2017, said "I wouldn’t be surprised if during the Iranian election on May 19, somebody assassinates the president of Iran, Hassan Rouhani”.[128]
  •   Italy – President Sergio Mattarella congratulated Rouhani on the occasion of re-election to the top government post, in a message: "I am willing to give my sincerest congratulations in my name and Italy's for the important results achieved in the elections, and I wish success for you in the second term in office".[129] Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni congratulated Rouhani in a message on his Twitter account.[130] He also expressed confidence in friendship between the two nations and in relations between them. Foreign Minister Angelino Alfano, congratulating the victory of Hassan Rouhani, underlined Italy's support for the JCPOA.[131] Matteo Renzi, former Prime Minister and leader of the ruling Democratic Party, called the result of Iran's election "important" and added that victory of Iran's reformists is fundamental to the Middle East region.[130]
  •   Japan – Prime Minister Shinzō Abe congratulated Rouhani on his election victory, voicing hope that the Iranian president will continue to play a constructive role for peace and prosperity in the Middle East.[citation needed] Abe said he was looking forward to working with Rouhani on bolstering cooperation between Tehran and Tokyo in various fields. Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida also sent a similar congratulatory message to the Iranian president.[citation needed]
  •   Kazakhstan – President Nursultan Nazarbayev in a message congratulated Hassan Rouhani on his re-election as the president of Iran. He also hoped that Rouhani's re-election will help promote bilateral ties between Iran and Kazakhstan, as before.[132]
  •   Kuwait – Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Crown Prince Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah and Prime Minister Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah sent separate messages of felicitation to Rouhani.[citation needed]
  •   Lebanon – President Michel Aoun congratulated Rouhani on his re-election, wishing him well during his second term in office: "The world looks forward to continuing the approach of openness and dialogue that you have called for in order to fortify the region from the dangers that beset it". Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri also applauded Rouhani on his presidential victory.[133]
  •   Netherlands – Prime Minister Mark Rutte congratulated President Hassan Rouhani on his re-election in a message. He highlighted Iran's significant role in regional developments and called for deepening bilateral relations between Tehran and Amsterdam.[134]
  •   Nicaragua – President of Nicaragua Daniel Ortega and Vice President Rosario Murillo extended their congratulations to Rouhani, on his re-election as President of Iran.[135]
  •   Norway – Foreign minister Borge Brende welcomed the re-election of Iranian President Hassan Rouhani. Brende echoed the sentiment of Germany's Defense Minister Ursula von der Leyen, who said Rouhani's re-election sends a message that Iran could be serious about instituting reforms.[95]
  •   Oman – Omani King Sultan Qaboos cabled a message on Saturday to congratulate President Hassan Rouhani on his re-election for a second term. He wished for his successful tenure as the country's president.[136]
  •   Qatar – Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar issued a message congratulating President Rouhani on his return to the office. Prime Minister of Qatar Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani as well as Deputy Emir of the Arab state Abdullah bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani also cabled separate messages to felicitate President Hassan Rouhani on his victory.[137]
  •   Russia – President Vladimir Putin congratulated Rouhani and called for deeper ties between Moscow and Tehran.[138]
  •   Singapore – President Tony Tan Keng Yam congratulated Rouhani on his reelection and said: "Your strong electoral mandate reflects the high level of trust the Iranian people have in you and your tireless efforts to reintegrate Iran into the international community and global economy."[139]
  •   South Africa – President Jacob Zuma congratulated the President of Iran, Hassan Rouhani, on his re-election for a second term. Zuma said South Africa looks forward to working with Iran under President Rouhani to consolidate relations and implement existing agreements.[140]
  •   South Korea – The Government of the Republic of Korea congratulated Rouhani on his re-election and expressed hope that "Iran plays a more constructive role in the international community, moves towards prosperity and development, and promotes its friendship with the ROK in a mutually beneficial way".[141]
  •   Spain – Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy congratulated the re-election of Rouhani in a message: "I am confident that the two countries can help restore peace and stability to the Middle East region".[142]
  •   Sri Lanka – President Maithripala Sirisena cabled a message to President Hassan Rouhani to congratulate his re-election as the country's president. In the message, he expressed the hope to witness bolstering of mutual relations during Rouhani's taking office.[143]
  •   Syria – President Bashar al-Assad congratulated Rouhani. He wished Rouhani and the Iranian people more success, stressing the continuation of work and cooperation with Iran to enhance the security and stability of the two nations, the region and the world.[144]
  •   Tajikistan – President Emomali Rahmon congratulated his Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani on his re-election. President Rahmon wrote in a message: "Iran and Tajikistan enjoy excellent ties and beneficial cooperation in different fields, in the wake of their cultural and historic commonalities".[145]
  •   Turkey – President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan congratulated his Iranian counterpart Rouhani over his recent election victory, according to a presidential source. The two leaders who spoke over the phone also vowed to improve bilateral ties.[146]
  •   United Kingdom – Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson congratulated Rouhani, calling for the full implementation of the JCPOA.[147]
  •   United States – Secretary of State Rex Tillerson urged Rouhani to end the country's ballistic missile tests, human rights abuses and what he called its "sponsorship of terrorism".[148]
  •   Vietnam – President Tran Dai Quang released a congratulated message to his Iranian counterpart Rouhani on his re-election. The Vietnamese president hailed the achievements made by the current government in foreign and domestic policies during the past four years.[149]

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