General elections were held in Sweden on 15 September 1991.[1] The Swedish Social Democratic Party remained the largest party in the Riksdag, winning 138 of the 349 seats.[2] However, it was the party's worst showing since 1928 with 37.7% of the vote.[3]
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All 349 seats in the Riksdag 175 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Map of the election, showing the distribution of constituency and levelling seats, as well as the largest political bloc within each constituency. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The election was notable due to the rise of a new right-wing populist party named New Democracy which succeeded in securing a parliamentary mandate for the first (and only) time. The four parties of the centre-right coalition (the Centre Party, People's Party, Moderates, and Christian Democrats) were allocated a combined total of 171 seats, 17 more than the two left-wing parties' 154, but still fewer than the 175 necessary for a majority. Thus the centre-right bloc was dependent upon New Democracy to secure a parliamentary majority. It was able to do so, and the Moderates' Carl Bildt became Prime Minister.
One large factor in the shift between the blocs was that the Christian Democrats managed to reach the 4% threshold by a good margin after many previous attempts. This combined with the Green Party falling short of the threshold, meant vast changes to areas yielding wins for the blue bloc. Norrköping, Västerås and Örebro, main urban areas inside the left-wing industrial belt of central Sweden, all voted blue for the first time for generations.[3] Even so, they did only assemble pluralities as opposed to majorities in all three. The centre-right bloc also made vast gains in the capital region, the Moderate Party being the largest both in Stockholm Municipality and the surrounding Stockholm County. Led by the strong Moderate vote, Malmö also flipped to a blue plurality, overturning another historical Social Democrat stronghold.
Debates
edit| 1991 Swedish general election debates | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Time | Organisers | Moderators | P Present I Invitee N Non-invitee | |||||||
| S | M | L | C | V | KD | NyD | Refs | ||||
| 13 September 1991 | Sveriges Television | Olle Stenholm[sv] | P Ingvar Carlsson,Mona Sahlin |
P Carl Bildt |
P Bengt Westerber |
P Olof Johansson |
P Lars Werner |
P Alf Svensson |
P Ian Wachtmeister |
[4] | |
Results
edit | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| Swedish Social Democratic Party | 2,062,761 | 37.71 | 138 | –18 | |
| Moderate Party | 1,199,394 | 21.92 | 80 | +14 | |
| Liberal People's Party | 499,356 | 9.13 | 33 | –11 | |
| Centre Party | 465,175 | 8.50 | 31 | –11 | |
| Christian Democratic Society Party | 390,351 | 7.14 | 26 | +26 | |
| New Democracy | 368,281 | 6.73 | 25 | New | |
| Left Party | 246,905 | 4.51 | 16 | –5 | |
| Green Party | 185,051 | 3.38 | 0 | –20 | |
| Sjöbopartiet | 27,635 | 0.51 | 0 | New | |
| Sweden Democrats | 4,877 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 | |
| Labour List | 3,645 | 0.07 | 0 | New | |
| Workers Party – Communists | 2,969 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | |
| Other parties | 14,361 | 0.26 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 5,470,761 | 100.00 | 349 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 5,470,761 | 98.34 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 92,159 | 1.66 | |||
| Total votes | 5,562,920 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 6,413,407 | 86.74 | |||
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver, SCB | |||||
Seat distribution
edit| Constituency | Total seats |
Seats won | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| By party | By coalition | |||||||||||
| S | M | F | C | KD | ND | V | Right | Left | Others | |||
| Älvsborg North | 10 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||
| Älvsborg South | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | ||||
| Blekinge | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||
| Bohus | 12 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 1 | |
| Fyrstadskretsen | 19 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 1 | |
| Gävleborg | 13 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 1 | |
| Gothenburg | 17 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 1 | |
| Gotland | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Halland | 10 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 1 | ||
| Jämtland | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||
| Jönköping | 12 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 1 | ||
| Kalmar | 11 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 1 | ||
| Kopparberg | 12 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 1 | |
| Kristianstad | 11 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 1 | ||
| Kronoberg | 9 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | ||
| Malmöhus | 13 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 1 | ||
| Norrbotten | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 7 | ||||
| Örebro | 12 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 1 | |
| Östergötland | 17 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 9 | 1 | |
| Skaraborg | 11 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 1 | ||
| Södermanland | 11 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | ||
| Stockholm County | 37 | 11 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 21 | 13 | 3 | |
| Stockholm Municipality | 26 | 8 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 10 | 2 | |
| Uppsala | 11 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | |
| Värmland | 12 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 1 | |
| Västerbotten | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 | |||
| Västernorrland | 12 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 1 | |
| Västmanland | 11 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | ||
| Total | 349 | 138 | 80 | 33 | 31 | 26 | 25 | 16 | 170 | 154 | 25 | |
| Source: Statistics Sweden | ||||||||||||
By municipality
edit-
Votes by municipality. The municipalities are the color of the party that got the most votes within the coalition that won relative majority. -
Cartogram of the map to the left with each municipality rescaled to the number of valid votes cast. -
Map showing the voting shifts from the 1988 to the 1991 election. Darker blue indicates a municipality voted more towards the parties that formed the centre-right bloc. Darker red indicates a municipality voted more towards the parties that form the left-wing bloc. -
Votes by municipality as a scale from red/Left-wing bloc to blue/Centre-right bloc. -
Cartogram of vote with each municipality rescaled in proportion to number of valid votes cast. Deeper blue represents a relative majority for the centre-right coalition, brighter red represents a relative majority for the left-wing coalition.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1858 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
- ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1873
- ^ a b "Allmänna valen 1991. Del 1, Riksdagsvalet den 15 september 1991" (PDF) (in Swedish). Statistical Central Bureau. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
- ^ Valet 1991 - Slutdebatten, retrieved 2024-02-01