The Argentine legislative elections of 1965 were held on 14 March. Voters chose their legislators with a turnout of 83%.
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99 of 192 seats in the Chamber of Deputies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 83.72% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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Background
edit
The exiled populist leader, Juan Perón, continued to set the electoral agenda. The economy had recovered vigorously from the 1962-63 recession, and this only seemed to deprive voters and the media of a distraction away from speculation as to what steps Perón might take next to return to Argentina. This issue was highlighted by his failed December 1964 attempt to arrive in Buenos Aires - thwarted almost by accident. His still-sizable Peronist base, in turn, were divided between those who felt his return was critical to their political future, and those who sought alternatives. One of the most successful projects to these ends was the Popular Union (UP), a party founded within days of Perón's violent, September 1955 overthrow. Its founder, Juan Atilio Bramuglia, had been a close advisor of Perón's since the birth of the movement, in 1945. Bramuglia had been unable, however, to obtain support for the idea from Perón himself, who favored electoral alliances. Bramuglia died in 1962; but the failure of one such alliance in 1963 provided Popular Union supporters with their first realistic chance to represent the aging leader.[1]
The president, Dr. Arturo Illia, faced immediate pressure from the military and other anti-peronists to bar the Popular Union from fielding any candidates; but the moderate Illia refused. The adoption of the UP mantle by Steelworkers' leader Augusto Vandor defied Perón's call for open conflict with the Illia administration, moreover. The issue of the UP divided Vandor and his allies in the CGT from the CGT Secretary General, José Alonso, and his allies (including Andrés Framini, who had run on the UP ticket in 1962 and won, only to have the elections annulled). Vandor's very prominence made him the UP's paramount figure, and by extension, the first viable Peronist alternative to Perón in the movement's twenty years of existence.[2]
Despite fears this might trigger a coup, the elections proceeded on schedule. President Illia's centrist UCR did not benefit from economic growth, and they lost 4 seats. Former President Pedro Aramburu's anti-peronist UDELPA benefited even less from Perón's barely thwarted return, and they lost half their 14 seats. Former President Arturo Frondizi's MID, which had been barred from running by conservative opposition in 1963, picked up 16 seats in its first electoral test. This was significant because the MID had bested his former party, the UCRI (with which he had parted ways in 1963). The UCRI was left with but 11 of its 40 seats, the result of losing both Frondizi's and Perón's erstwhile support. Most of these seats went to the Popular Union, which gained 44. Its leader, Dr. Rodolfo Tecera del Franco, was elected vice president of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies.[3]
The 1965 elections were a notable accomplishment for President Illia, who had stopped military interference against them without it immediately costing him the presidency.[3]
Results
edit| Party | Votes | % | Seats won | Total seats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Popular Union (UP) | 2,786,244 | 31.12 | 35 | 36 | |||
| People's Radical Civic Union (UCRP) | 2,660,937 | 29.72 | 34 | 69 | |||
| National Federation of Center Parties (PD - PLCo - PACo) | 661,108 | 7.38 | 8 | 14 | |||
| Integration and Development Movement (MID) | 538,057 | 6.01 | 5 | 6 | |||
| Intransigent Radical Civic Union (UCRI) | 404,689 | 4.52 | 1 | 19 | |||
| Democratic Progressive Party (PDP) | 287,250 | 3.21 | 3 | 9 | |||
| Christian Democratic Party (PDC) | 241,764 | 2.70 | — | 4 | |||
| Argentine Socialist Party (PSA) | 184,023 | 2.06 | 1 | 4 | |||
| Union of the Argentine People (UDELPA) | 181,094 | 2.02 | — | 8 | |||
| Democratic Socialist Party (PSD) | 170,362 | 1.90 | — | 2 | |||
| Three Flags Party | 148,067 | 1.65 | 2 | 4 | |||
| Provincial Action | 104,835 | 1.17 | 2 | 2 | |||
| Mendoza Popular Movement (MPM) | 97,705 | 1.09 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Blockist Radical Civic Union (UCR-B) | 75,225 | 0.84 | 2 | 2 | |||
| National Reconstruction Party | 50,979 | 0.57 | — | — | |||
| White Party | 46,013 | 0.51 | 1 | 4 | |||
| Social Justice Party | 41,727 | 0.47 | — | — | |||
| People's Party | 40,393 | 0.45 | — | — | |||
| Las Flores-Luján Line Movement | 37,435 | 0.42 | — | — | |||
| Labour Party (PL) | 25,900 | 0.29 | — | 2 | |||
| Renewal Crusade Radical Civic Union (UCR-CR) | 24,431 | 0.27 | — | — | |||
| Argentine Reconstruction Party (PRAR) | 23,646 | 0.26 | — | — | |||
| San Luis Popular Action | 23,297 | 0.26 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Argentine Popular Action | 22,366 | 0.25 | — | — | |||
| Neuquén People's Movement (MPN) | 21,052 | 0.24 | 2 | 2 | |||
| Provincial Defense - White Flag | 12,163 | 0.14 | — | 1 | |||
| Provincial Party of Santiago del Estero | 7,922 | 0.09 | — | — | |||
| National Independent Party | 5,974 | 0.07 | — | — | |||
| Party of the Liberating Revolution | 5,396 | 0.06 | — | — | |||
| Provincial Party of Chubut | 5,125 | 0.06 | — | — | |||
| Argentine Retirees Union | 5,052 | 0.06 | — | — | |||
| Union Force | 3,959 | 0.04 | — | — | |||
| National Unity Party | 3,273 | 0.04 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Federal Social Movement | 2,784 | 0.03 | — | — | |||
| National Union Party | 2,085 | 0.02 | — | — | |||
| Neighborhood Party | 625 | 0.01 | — | — | |||
| Popular Workers Party | 544 | 0.01 | — | — | |||
| Santa Cruz Popular Movement | 415 | 0.00 | — | — | |||
| Defense of Labour | 333 | 0.00 | — | — | |||
| Democratic Federal Movement | Did not run | — | 1 | ||||
| Total | 8,954,249 | 100 | 99 | 192 | |||
| Positive votes | 8,954,249 | 95.77 | |||||
| Blank votes | 357,871 | 3.83 | |||||
| Invalid votes | 37,708 | 0.40 | |||||
| Total votes | 9,349,828 | 100 | |||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 11,168,564 | 83.72 | |||||
| Sources:[4][5] | |||||||
Results by province
edit| Province | Popular Union | UCRP | Center Parties | MID | Other Peronists | Others | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |
| Buenos Aires | 1,358,651 | 41.12 | 14 | 970,701 | 29.38 | 9 | 180,444 | 5.46 | 1 | 114,884 | 3.48 | 1 | 19,847 | 0.60 | — | 659,293 | 19.96 | 1 |
| Buenos Aires City | 549,057 | 33.69 | 8 | 552,678 | 33.91 | 8 | 58,876 | 3.61 | — | 54,808 | 3.36 | — | 5,432 | 0.33 | — | 409,009 | 25.09 | 2 |
| Chaco | 80,930 | 43.54 | 2 | 60,220 | 32.40 | 1 | 7,441 | 4.00 | — | 15,127 | 8.14 | — | — | — | — | 22,138 | 11.91 | — |
| Chubut | 16,545 | 33.59 | 1 | 17,035 | 34.59 | 1 | — | — | — | 3,608 | 7.33 | — | 5,125 | 10.41 | — | 6,940 | 14.09 | — |
| Córdoba | 357,544 | 38.75 | 5 | 339,039 | 36.75 | 4 | 69,454 | 7.53 | — | 37,687 | 4.08 | — | 9,007 | 0.98 | — | 109,886 | 11.91 | — |
| Corrientes | 45,212 | 18.89 | — | 14,308 | 5.98 | — | 156,354 | 65.32 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23,507 | 9.82 | — |
| Entre Ríos | 18,602 | 4.85 | — | 123,369 | 32.14 | 2 | 29,989 | 7.81 | — | 60,117 | 15.66 | 1 | 97,044 | 25.28 | 1 | 54,720 | 14.26 | — |
| La Pampa | 32,488 | 40.32 | 1 | 17,356 | 21.54 | — | — | — | — | 22,037 | 27.35 | 1 | — | — | — | 8,700 | 10.80 | — |
| Mendoza | 16,199 | 4.74 | — | 87,666 | 25.65 | 1 | 104,120 | 30.46 | 1 | 9,275 | 2.71 | — | 97,705 | 28.59 | 1 | 26,826 | 7.85 | — |
| Neuquén | — | — | — | 9,395 | 23.45 | — | — | — | — | 2,968 | 7.41 | — | 21,052 | 52.55 | 2 | 6,649 | 16.60 | — |
| Río Negro | — | — | — | 20,600 | 29.84 | 1 | 1,966 | 2.85 | — | 4,777 | 6.92 | — | 28,158 | 40.79 | 1 | 13,531 | 19.60 | — |
| San Juan | 25,643 | 15.21 | — | 28,357 | 16.82 | 1 | 3,215 | 1.91 | — | 2,359 | 1.40 | — | 4,806 | 2.85 | — | 104,183 | 61.81 | 2 |
| San Luis | 19,700 | 23.37 | — | 8,603 | 10.21 | — | 28,943 | 34.34 | 1 | — | — | — | 23,297 | 27.64 | 1 | 3,752 | 4.45 | — |
| Santa Cruz | 3,707 | 25.93 | 1 | 2,649 | 24.03 | — | 695 | 4.86 | — | 719 | 5.03 | — | 306 | 2.14 | — | 6,220 | 43.51 | 1 |
| Santa Fe | 196,794 | 20.85 | 2 | 274,547 | 29.09 | 4 | 12,790 | 1.35 | — | 198,473 | 21.03 | 2 | 30,759 | 3.26 | — | 230,573 | 24.43 | 2 |
| Santiago del Estero | 36,249 | 19.82 | 1 | 60,492 | 33.07 | 1 | 1,884 | 1.03 | — | 9,157 | 5.01 | — | 51,023 | 27.90 | 1 | 24,091 | 13.17 | — |
| Tucumán | 28,923 | 9.21 | — | 73,922 | 23.53 | 1 | 4,937 | 1.57 | — | 2,061 | 0.66 | — | 120,160 | 38.25 | 2 | 84,164 | 26.79 | — |
| Total | 2,786,244 | 31.12 | 35 | 2,660,937 | 29.72 | 34 | 661,108 | 7.38 | 8 | 538,057 | 6.01 | 5 | 513,721 | 5.74 | 9 | 1,794,182 | 20.04 | 8 |
References
edit- ^ El primer peronismo sin Perón (in Spanish)
- ^ McGuire, James (1997). Peronism Without Peron: Unions, Parties, and Democracy in Argentina. Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804736558.
- ^ a b Todo Argentina: 1965 (in Spanish)
- ^ Cantón, Darío (1968). Materiales para el estudio de la sociología política en la Argentina (PDF). Vol. Tomo I. Buenos Aires: Centro de Investigaciones Sociales - Torcuato di Tella Institute. pp. 239–246.
- ^ Nohlen, Dieter (2005). Elections in the Americas: A Data Handbook. Vol. II: South America. Nueva York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-928358-3.