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The traditional Chinese calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms.[1] Xiǎohán, Shōkan, Sohan, or Tiểu hàn (Chinese and Japanese: 小寒; pinyin: xiǎohán; rōmaji: shōkan; Korean: 소한; romaja: sohan; Vietnamese: tiểu hàn; lit. 'minor cold') is the 23rd solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 285° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 300°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 285°. In the Gregorian calendar, it usually begins around 5 January and ends around 20 January.
| Xiaohan | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 小寒 | ||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | minor cold | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese alphabet | tiểu hàn | ||||||||||||||
| Chữ Hán | 小寒 | ||||||||||||||
| Korean name | |||||||||||||||
| Hangul | 소한 | ||||||||||||||
| Hanja | 小寒 | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 小寒 | ||||||||||||||
| Hiragana | しょうかん | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Term | Longitude | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Lichun | 315° | 4–5 February |
| Yushui | 330° | 18–19 February |
| Jingzhe | 345° | 5–6 March |
| Chunfen | 0° | 20–21 March |
| Qingming | 15° | 4–5 April |
| Guyu | 30° | 20–21 April |
| Lixia | 45° | 5–6 May |
| Xiaoman | 60° | 21–22 May |
| Mangzhong | 75° | 5–6 June |
| Xiazhi | 90° | 21–22 June |
| Xiaoshu | 105° | 7–8 July |
| Dashu | 120° | 22–23 July |
| Liqiu | 135° | 7–8 August |
| Chushu | 150° | 23–24 August |
| Bailu | 165° | 7–8 September |
| Qiufen | 180° | 23–24 September |
| Hanlu | 195° | 8–9 October |
| Shuangjiang | 210° | 23–24 October |
| Lidong | 225° | 7–8 November |
| Xiaoxue | 240° | 22–23 November |
| Daxue | 255° | 7–8 December |
| Dongzhi | 270° | 21–22 December |
| Xiaohan | 285° | 5–6 January |
| Dahan | 300° | 20–21 January |
Date and time
edit| year | begin | end |
|---|---|---|
| 辛巳 | 2002-01-05 12:43 | 2002-01-20 06:02 |
| 壬午 | 2003-01-05 18:27 | 2003-01-20 11:52 |
| 癸未 | 2004-01-06 00:18 | 2004-01-20 17:42 |
| 甲申 | 2005-01-05 06:03 | 2005-01-19 23:21 |
| 乙酉 | 2006-01-05 11:46 | 2006-01-20 05:15 |
| 丙戌 | 2007-01-05 17:40 | 2007-01-20 11:00 |
| 丁亥 | 2008-01-05 23:24 | 2008-01-20 16:43 |
| 戊子 | 2009-01-05 05:14 | 2009-01-19 22:40 |
| 己丑 | 2010-01-05 11:08 | 2010-01-20 04:27 |
| 庚寅 | 2011-01-05 16:54 | 2011-01-20 10:18 |
| 辛卯 | 2012-01-05 22:43 | 2012-01-20 16:09 |
| 壬辰 | 2013-01-05 04:33 | 2013-01-19 21:51 |
| 癸巳 | 2014-01-05 10:24 | 2014-01-20 03:51 |
| 甲午 | 2015-01-05 16:20 | 2015-01-20 09:43 |
| 乙未 | 2016-01-05 22:09 | 2016-01-20 15:29 |
| 丙申 | 2017-01-05 03:54 | 2017-01-19 21:25 |
| 丁酉 | 2018-01-05 09:47 | 2018-01-20 03:08 |
| 戊戌 | 2019-01-05 15:41 | 2019-01-20 08:58 |
| 己亥 | 2020-01-05 21:31 | 2020-01-20 14:56 |
| 庚子 | 2021-01-05 03:24 | 2021-01-19 20:40 |
| 辛丑 | 2022-01-05 09:15 | 2022-01-20 02:40 |
| 壬寅 | 2023-01-05 15:05 | 2023-01-20 08:30 |
| Source: JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System | ||
References
edit- ^ Zhang, Peiyu; Hunag, Hongfeng (1994). "The Twenty-four Solar Terms of the Chinese Calendar and the Calculation for Them". Purple Mountain Observatory.