Xanthippus is the name of:
- Xanthippus (father of Pericles), was a wealthy Athenian of the 5th century BC, and father of Pericles
- Xanthippus (son of Pericles) (d. 429 BC), one of the sons of Pericles and grandson of the above
- Xanthippus (Spartan commander), a 3rd century BC Spartan general who fought for Carthage during the First Punic war
- Xanthippus (grasshopper), a genus of band-winged grasshopper