Wikipedia

Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 06

< Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 6 running from name Bottomley to name Browell.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

  • Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
  • Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
  • Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 6 Bottomley - Browell. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

  • piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
  • descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
  • both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

  • Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
  • Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
  • Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
  • Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

  • {{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: [link currently leads to a wrong person]. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
  • {{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text [disambiguation needed]. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
  • {{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - checkY
  • {{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - checkY checkY
  • {{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - checkY ☒N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}
Public Domain Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}
Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}
Public Domain Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.


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  1. ^ Joseph Bottomley (b. in Halifax, Yorkshire 1786, fl. 1820, d. uncertain), musician: organist at Bradford, 1807, and Sheffield, 1820; published an octavo dictionary of music (1816) and other musical works.
  2. ^ Sir Thomas Bouch (1822–1880), civil engineer; resident engineer on Stockton and Darlington railway; manager and engineer of Edinburgh and Northern railway, 1849; instituted steam ferries over Forth and Tay: constructed Tay bridge, 1870-7; knighted, 1879; died from mental shock resulting from destruction of Tay bridge by hurricane; M.I.C.E., 1858.
  3. ^ John Boucher (1777–1818), divine; fellow, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1799: M.A., 1802; vicar of Kirk Newton, Northumberland, 1804-18; his sermons were published posthumously.
  4. ^ John Boucher (1819–1878), divine; Unitarian minister successively at Southport, Glasgow, and Hackney; studied for Anglican orders at St. John's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1857.
  5. ^ Jonathan Boucher (1738–1804), divine; engaged in tuition in America, c. 1754-62; held successively several ecclesiastical charges in America, where until the war of independence he was intimate with George Washington; returned to England, 1775; vicar of Epsom, 1786-1804; published sermons and writings relating to Cumberland, and left incomplete a supplement to Johnson's Dictionary.
  6. ^ Weyman Bouchery (1683–1712), Latin poet; M.A. Jesus College, Cambridge, 1706; rector of Little Blakenham, 1709; published a Latin poem.
  7. ^ Barton Bouchier (1794–1865), religious writer ; son of Jonathan Boucher: changed hia name to Bouchier after 1822; M.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1827; published hymns and religious works.
  8. ^ George Bouchier or George Bourchier (d. 1643), royalist: merchant of Bristol; hanged for conspiring to deliver Bristol to Prince Rupert, 1643.
  9. ^ Dion Boucicault (1820?–1890), originally called Bourcicault, actor and dramatist; educated at London University; produced his London Assurance at Covent Garden theatre, 1841; sometimes wrote in conjunction with Benjamin Webster; manager of Astley's, 1863; produced Arrah-na-Pogue at Princess's, 1865, himself playing Shaun; retired, 1876, to America, where he died. His plays, invariably adapted from some previous play or novel by another hand, include Faust and Marguerite 1852, and the Colleen Bawn 1860.
  10. ^ Samuel Bough (1822–1878), landscape-painter; successively shoemaker and lawyer's clerk in Carlisle; wandered about England making sketches; scene-painter in Manchester and Glasgow: took to landscape-painting, member of Royal Scottish Academy, 1875.
  11. ^ Edward Boughen (1587–1660?), royalist divine; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1609; M.A., 1612; rector of Woodchurch, 1633-40; D.D., 1646; published sermons and religious works.
  12. ^ Joan Boughton (b. 1410?, d. 1494), martyr; burnt at Smithfield, at the age of eighty or more, for supporting Wycliffe's doctrines.
  13. ^ Swinton Boult (1809–1876), agent for insurance offices in Liverpool; founded, 1836, and became managing director of, Liverpool Fire Office (afterwards Liverpool, London, and Globe Insurance Company).
  14. ^ Thomas Pownall Boultbee (1818–1884), divine; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1844; theological tutor and chaplain of Cheltenham College, 1852-63; principal of London College of Divinity, 1863; LL.D., 1872; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1883; published religious works.
  15. ^ Hugh Boulter (1672–1742), archbishop of Armagh; educated at Merchant Taylors' School and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1690; M.A., 1693; D.D., 1708; fellow of Magdalen College; chaplain to Archbishop Tenison; chaplain to George I in Hanover, bishop of Bristol, and dean of Christ Church, Oxford, 1719; protestant archbishop of Armagh, 1724; frequently acted as lord justice in Ireland, displaying prejudice against the Irish.
  16. ^ Matthew Boulton (1728–1809), engineer: entered partnership with Watt, whom he greatly assisted in completion and introduction of the steam-engine; made coins for Great Britain and other countries, and supplied new mint with machinery (1805); F.R.S.
  17. ^ Richard Boulton (fl. 1697–1724), physician : educated at Brasenose College, Oxford; published medical works.
  18. ^ Nicholas Bound (d. 1613). [See Nicholas Bownde.]
  19. ^ Henry Bouquet (1719–1765), general; born at Rolle, Switzerland; served in armies of States-General of Holland, king of Sardinia, and Prince of Orange; captain-commandant of Swiss guards at the Hague, 1748; lieutenant-colonel in America, 1754; brigadier-general and commandant in southern British America.
  20. ^ Philip Bouquett (1669–1748), Hebrew professor: educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow; B.A., 1693; M.A., 1696; B.D., 1706; D.D., 1711; professor of Hebrew, 1712.
  21. ^ George Bourchier (d. 1643). [See George Bouchier.]
  22. ^ Henry Bourchier, first Earl of Essex (d. 1483), great-grandson of Robert Bourchier; lieutenant-general under Duke of York in France, 1440; captain of Crotoy, Picardy, 1443; married Isabel, aunt of Edward IV; treasurer of England, 1455-6 and 1471-83; with March and Warwick at battle of Northampton, 1460; created Earl of Essex, 1461.
  23. ^ Henry Bourchier, second Earl of Essex (d. 1539), grandson of Henry Bourchier, first earl; member of Henry VII's privy council; captain of Henry VIII's bodyguard; served at Terouenne and Tournay, 1513; chief captain of king's forces, 1514; attended Henry at Guisnes, 1520.
  24. ^ John de Bourchier or John de Boussier (d. 1330?) judge; justice of assize for Kent, Surrey and Sussex, 1315; justice of common bench, 1321 till death.
  25. ^ John Bourchier, second Baron Berners (1467-1533), statesman and author; grand-nephew of Henry Bourchier, first earl of Essex; marshal of Surrey's army in Scotland, 1513; chancellor of exchequer, 1516; accompanied John Kite, archbishop of Armagh, to Spain to negotiate alliance between Henry VIII and Charles V, 1518; attended Henry at Field of Cloth of Gold, 1520; deputy of Calais, 1520-33; published translation of Froissart's Chronicles 1523-25: and translated Huon of Burdeux (probably printed in 1534) and The Castell of Love (printed 1540), and, under title of The Golden Boke of Marcus Aurelius, emperour and eloquent oratour (1534) from a French version of Guevara's El redox de Principes.
  26. ^ Sir John Bourchier (d. 1660), regicide; M.P. for Ripon, 1645; one of Charles I's judges, 1648; signed death-warrant; member of council of state, 1651 and 1652; surrendered as regicide, 1660, but died before settlement of exceptions to act of indemnity.
  27. '^ Robert Bourchier or Robert Boussier (d. 1349), chancellor and judge of common pleas: son of John Bourchier; M.P. for Essex, 1330, 1332, 1338 and 1339. He fought at Crecy, 1346.
  28. ^ Thomas Bourchier (1404?–1486), cardinal; brother of Henry Bourchier, who was first earl of Essex. Educated at Oxford; prebendary of Lichfield, 1424; chancellor of Oxford University, 1434; bishop t Worcester 1434, and of Ely, 1443; archbishop of Canterbury, 1454; lord-chancellor, 1455-6; Lancastrian, drawing up with Waynflete the terms of agreement between Lancastrians and Yorkists, 1458; crowned Edward IV, 1461, and his queen Elizabeth Woodville, 1465; nominated cardinal, 14U7, and installed, 1473; raised troops for restoration of Edward IV to throne, 1471; one of four arbitrators to whom difficulties between England and Prance were referred by peace of Amiens, 1475; headed deputation which persuaded the queen-dowager to entrust her second son, Richard, to his uncle, the Protector; officiated at coronation of Richard III, 1483; married Henry VII to Elizabeth of York, 1486.
  29. ^ Thomas Bourchier (d. 1586?), friar of Observant order of Franciscans; probably educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford; doctor of theology, Sorbonne, Paris; joined Reformed Franciscans at Rome; penitentiary in the Lateran; wrote a history of Franciscan martyrs (1582).
  30. ^ Isaac du Bourdieu (1597?–1692). See Du Bourdieu.
  31. ^ Jean du Bourdieu (1642?–1720). See Du Bourdieu.
  32. ^ James Dewar Bourdillon (1811–1883), Madras civil servant; went to Madras, 1829; secretary to government in revenue and public works departments, 1854-61; did much for improvement of irrigation and system of land revenue.
  33. ^ Sir Peter Francis Bourgeois (1756–1811), painter; studied under De Loutherbourg; exhibited at Royal Academy and British Institution between 1779 and 1810; R.A., 1793: landscape-painter to George III, 1794; painter to Stanislaus, king of Poland, and knighted, 1791; bequeathed 371 pictures to Dulwich College.
  34. ^ Sir Richard Bourke (1777–1855), colonial governor; educated for bar: ensign in grenadier guards, 1798; captain, 1799; assistant quartermaster-general to army in Portugal, 1808-9; in Galicia, 1812; colonel and O.B.; major-general, 1821; lieutenant-governor of eastern Cape of Good Hope, 1825-8; governor of New South Wales, 1831-7; established regular scheme of emigration; K.C.B., 1835; general, 1851.
  35. ^ Richard Southwell Bourke, sixth Earl of Mayo (1822–1872), viceroy and governor-general of India; graduated at Trinity College, Dublin; M.P. for Kildare, 1847-52, Coleraine, 1852-7, and Cockermouth, after 1857; chief secretary for Ireland, under conservative governments, 1852, 1858, and 1866; viceroy and governor-general of India, 1869; assassinated at Port Blair. His policy was to endeavour, while insisting on the superior power of Britain, to maintain intimate relations of friendship with neighbouring states, opposing their neutralisation in the European sense. In nuance be adopted a policy of decentralisation
  36. ^ Robert Bourman (d. 1876). [See Boreman.]
  37. ^ Nicholas Bourn or Nicol Bourn (1581). [See Nicholas Burne.]
  38. ^ Samuel Bourn , the elder (1648–1719), dissenting minister; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; presbyterian minister at Calne in Wiltshire, 1679, and Bolton, 1696-1719. A volume of his sermons appeared, 1722.
  39. ^ Samuel Bourn, the younger (1689–1764), dissenting minister; second son of Samuel Bourn (1648-1719); joint pastor at New Meeting, Birmingham, and at Coseley, 1732; published controversial and religious works.
  40. ^ Samuel Bourn (1714–1796), dissenting minister; second son of Samuel Bourn (1689-1764); educated at Glasgow University; joint-minister of presbyterian congregation at Norwich, 1764; published controversial and religious works.
  41. ^ Thomas Bourn (1771–1832), school teacher; compiled A Concise Gazetteer of the Most Remarkable Places in the World, 1807.
  42. ^ William Bourn (d. 1583).
  43. ^ Gilbert Bourne (d. 1569), bishop of Bath and Wells: fellow, All Souls' College, Oxford, 1531; B.A., 1532: prebendary of Worcester, 1541; of St. Paul's, 1545; proctor for clergy of diocese of London, 1547; chaplain to Bishop Bonner: bishop of Bath and Wells, 1554; warden of Welsh marches: refused oath of allegiance to Elizabeth, and was committed to Tower, 1559; subsequently detained in private custody.
  44. ^ Henry Bourne (1696–1733), divine and antiquary: M.A. Christ College, Cambridge, 1724: published Antiquitates Vulgares 1726, and left unfinished a history of Newcastle (published, 1736).
  45. ^ Hugh Bourne (1772–1852), founder of the primitive methodists: local preacher among Wesleyan methodiste: revived camp meetings for preaching and fellowship, 1807, and accordingly was expelled from Wesleyan Methodist Society, 1808; founded primitive methodiste, 1810, and subsequently travelled in Scotland, Ireland, and America, enrolling recruits; published work relating to his sect.
  46. ^ Immanuel Bourne (1590–1672), divine; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1616; rector of Waltham-on-the-Wolds, 1656; conformed at Restoration: rector of Aylestone, 1670-9; published religious works.
  47. ^ Nehemiah Bourne (fl. 1649–1662), major in parliamentary army; captain in navy on remodelling of fleet, c. 1649; rear-admiral of fleet, 1652; commissioner for equipment of fleets, 1652; emigrated to America on Restoration.
  48. ^ Reuben Bourne (fl. 1692), dramatist; member of Middle Temple; published The Contented Cuckold a comedy, 1692.
  49. ^ Robert Bourne (1761–1829), physician; M.D. Worcester College, Oxford, 1787; F.R.O.P., 1790; professor of physic, 1803, and clinical medicine, 1824, Oxford.
  50. ^ Vincent Bourne (1695–1747), Latin poet ; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow, 1720; M.A., 1721; master at Westminster School, Cowper being one of his pupils; housekeeper and deputy serjeant-at-arms to House of Commons, 1734; published Poemata, Latine partim reddita, partim scripta (1734), some of which were translated by Cowper and Lamb.
  51. ^ William Bourne or Bourn (d. 1583), mathematician; self-taught; probably employed at Gravesend as gunner and ship-carpenter; published almanacks and works on gunnery and navigation, leaving manuscripts on similar subjects.
  52. ^ William Sturges Bourne (1769–1845), politician; educated with Canning at Winchester and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1793; D.C.L., 1831; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1793; M.P., 1798-1831; joint-secretary of treasury, 1804-6; lord of treasury, 1807-9; privy councillor, 1814; home secretary, 1H27; commissioner of woods and forests, 1827; lord warden of New Forest, 18281831.
  53. ^ Mrs Boutel (fl. 1663–1696), actress ; member of Theatre Royal company; her first recorded character, Estifania in Rule a Wife, and Have a Wife c. 1664, and her last, Thomyris, in Cyrus the Great 1696.
  54. ^ Charles Boutell (1812–1877), archreologist; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1834: incorporated at Trinity College, Oxford, and M.A., 1836; rector of Norwood, Surrey; published works on archaeology and heraldry.
  55. ^ Henry Crewe Boutflower (1796–1863), Hulsean essayist; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1822; Hulsean prizeman, 1816; head-master, Bury school, Lancahire, 1823; rector of Elmdon, 1857-63; published Hulsean essay.
  56. ^ Edward Pleydell-Bouverie (1818–1889), politician; second son of William Pleydell-Bouverie, third earl of Radnor; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1838; barrister, Inner Temple, 1843; liberal M.P., Kilrnarnock, 1844-74; president of poor-law board, 1856-8; opposed Gladstone's Irish University Bill, 1873; wrote numerous letters to the Times signed E. P. B.
  57. ^ Sir Henry Frederick Bouverie (1783–1852), general; ensign, 1799; aide-de-camp to Rosslyn, 1807, and Wellesley, 1809; on staff, 1810; colonel, 1814; K.(.I., 1H1"- u'ovcrnor and cominandcr-in-chief of Malta, 18301843: lieutenant-general, 1838; G.C.B., 1852.
  58. ^ William Pleydell Bouverie, third Earl of Radnor (1779-1869), whig politician; M.P. for Downton, 1801, and Salisbury, 1802-28; actively supported social measures: friend of William Cobbett.
  59. ^ Reynold Gideon Bouyer (d. 1826), divine; LL.B. Jesus College, Cambridge, 1769; prebendary of Sarum, 1785:: established parochial libraries throughout Northumberland,
  60. ^ Catharina Bovey or Boevey (1669–1726), philanthropist; n&e Riches; mafried, 1684; associated with a Mrs. Mary Pope in many charitable works.
  61. ^ Sir William Bovill (1814–1873), judge; barrister of Middle Temple, 1841; Q.C., 1855; conservative M.P. for Guildford, 1857; solicitor-general and chiefj nst ice of common pleas, 1866; hon. D.O.L. Oxford, 1870; F.R.S.; presided at first Tichborne trial.
  62. ^ Bovillus (d. 1526). See Henry Bullock.
  63. ^ John Bowack (fl. 1737), writing-master at Westminster School; clerk to turnpike commissioners, 1732; tant secretary to Westminster Bridge commissioners, 1737; began publication of Antiquities of Middlesex (1706).
  64. ^ Sir Edward Bowater (1787–1861), lieutenant-general; educated at Harrow; ensign, 1804; served in Peninsula and Waterloo campaigns, 1808-15; groom-in-waiting in ordinary to the queen, 1846; lieutenant-general and colonel 49th foot.
  65. ^ John Bowden (d. 1750), presbyterian divine ; minister at Frome, 1707-50; published sermons and contributed to Divine Hymns and Poems (1704).
  66. ^ John William Bowden (1798–1844), ecclesiastical writer; educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Oxford; M. A., 1823; commissioner of stamps, 1826-40; intimate friend of John Henry Newman, and a zealous partisan in the Tractarian movement. His works include a Life of Gregory VII (1840).
  67. ^ Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), physician; published poems, 1733-5.
  68. ^ Thomas Edward Bowdich (1791–1824), African traveller; obtained writership in service of African Company, and went to Cape Coast Castle, 1814; formed treaty with king of Ashantee, granting peace to British settlements on Gold Coast, 1815; returned to England, 1818; studied science in Paris; published works and translations relating to Ashantee and African exploration,
  69. ^ Henrietta Maria Bowdler (1754–1830), religious writer; sister of John Bowdler the elder; published religious poems and essays.
  70. ^ Jane Bowdler (1743–1784), author; sister of Henrietta Maria Bowdler; a selection of her poems and essays appeared, 1786.
  71. ^ John Bowdler, the younger (1783–1815), author; younger son of John Bowdler (1746-1823); barrister of Lincoln's Inn, 1807; selections from his verse and prose appeared, 1816.
  72. ^ John Bowdler, the elder (1746–1823), author; chamber conveyancer, 1770-80: one of founders of Church Building Society; published political and religious pamphlets.
  73. ^ Thomas Bowdler (1754–1825), editor of Shakespeare; brother of John Bowdler the elder; M.D. Edinburgh, 1776; F.R.S. and L.O.P., 1781: F.S.A., 1784; visited Low Countries, 1787, and wrote narrative of their political disunion; published Family Shakespeare (10 vols. 1818), an expurgated version of the text; prepared, on similar lines, edition of Gibbon's History 1 1 is works gave rise to the term bowdlerise.
  74. ^ Thomas Bowdler , the younger (1782–1856), divine: son of John Bowdler the elder; M.A. St. Iota's OoUege, Cambridge, 1806; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1849; edited (1826) his uncle's Gibbon
  75. ^ Charles Synge Christopher Bowen, Baron Bowen (1835-1894), judge; educated at Rugby and Balliol College, Oxford; fellow, 1857; M.A., 1872; D.O.L., 1883; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1861: bencher, 1879; joined western circuit; junior counsel against Claimant in Tichborne case 1871-4; appointed judge of queen's bench and knighted, 1879; lord of appeal in ordinary, receiving life peerage, 1893; published translations from Virgil, and other writings.
  76. ^ Emanuel Bowen (fl. 1762), map-engraver to George II and Louis XV.
  77. ^ Sir George Ferguson Bowen (1821–1899), colonial governor; educated at Charterhouse and Trinity College, Oxford; B.A. and fellow of Brasenose, 1844; M.A., 1847; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1844; president of university of Corfu, 1847-51; chief secretary to government in Ionian Islands, 1854; K.O.M.G., 1856; first governor of Queensland, 1859; G.O.M.G., 1860; appointed governor of New Zealand, 1867; successfully pursued policy of conciliation towards Maoris and settlers; governor of Victoria, 1872; honorary D.C.L. Oxford, 1875; appointed to Mauritius, 1879, and Hongkong, 1882; reconstructed colonial legislature and established friendly foreign policy; retired from office, 1887; privy councillor, 1886; honorary LL.D. Cambridge, 1886; chief of royal commission on new constitution of Malta, 1887; published Mount Athos, Thessaly, and Epirus* (1852), and other works.
  78. ^ James Bowen (d. 1774), painter and topographer; made collections for history of Shropshire.
  79. ^ James Bowen (1751–1835), rear-admiral; commanded ship in African and West India trade; master in navy, 1781-9; inspecting agent of transports in Thames, 1789; master of Howe's flagship in battle of 1 June 1794: captain, 1795; commissioner of transport board, c. 1803, and of navy, 1816-25; rear-admiral, 1825.
  80. ^ John Bowen (1756–1832), painter and genealogist; son of James Bowen (d. 1774); made antiquarian collections relating to Shropshire.
  81. ^ John Bowen (1815-1859), colonial bishop: emigrated to Canada, 1835; returned home and entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1843; LL.D., 1857; visited many foreign stations of Church Missionary Society, 1848-51 and 1854-6; bishop of Sierra Leone, 1857.
  82. ^ Thomas Bowen -d. 1790), map-engraver ; son of Emanuel Bowen; his works include maps and charts of West Indies from Captain James Speer's surveys,
  83. ^ Alexander Bower (ft. 1804–1830), assistantlibrarian at Edinburgh University; published biographical and historical works.
  84. ^ Archibald Bower (1686–1766), historian : educated at Scots college at Douay; entered Society of Jesus, 1706; studied divinity at Rome, 1717-21; professed of four vows, c. 1723; came to England, 1726; conformed to church of England; classical tutor to Lord Aylmer; contributed history of Rome to Universal History 1735-44; readmitted Jesuit, 1745, but again left the society, 1747; published History of the Popes 7 vols. 1748-66; accused, in pamphlets, by Rev. Alban Butler and Rev. John Douglas (afterwards bishop of Salisbury), and proved guilty of being secretly a member of catholic church.
  85. ^ George Bower or Bowers (d. 1690), engraver to the mint, 1664-90.
  86. ^ Walter Bower or Bowmaker (d. 1449), abbot of Inchcolm: probably member of Augustiuian priory of St. Andrews; B.C.L.; commissioner to collect ransom money of James I (of Scotland), 1423 and 1424; present at council held at Perth, 1432: reputed continuator ( 1440-7) pi Fordun'sChronica Gentis Scotorum as it appears in the Scotichronicon of which he wrote an abridgment called Book of Cupar A complete edition of the Scotichronicon was published in 1759.
  87. ^ James Scott Bowerbank (1797–1877), geologist; partner in London distillery; lectured on botany, 1822-4, and human osteology, 1831; one of founders of 'London Clay Club 1836, and of Palaeontographical Society, 1847; F.R.S., 1842: most important work, Fossil Fruits of the London Clay (1840).
  88. ^ George Hull Bowers (1794–1872). ilivin.- : D.D. Clare College, Cambridge, 1849; dean of Manchester, 1847-71; main founder of Marlborough School; published works on ecclesiastical matters.
  89. ^ Elizabeth Bowes (1502?–1568), disciple of John Knox; nee Aske; married Ki.-liunl, son of Sir Ralph; fell under influence of John Knox, who adopted her as a relative and married her daughter, Marjory; lived chiefly with Knox, from 1556.
  90. ^ Sir George Bowes (1517-1556), commander in border wars; accompanied Hertford in his raid, 1541, and was knighted.
  91. ^ Sir George Bowes (1527–1580), soldier; son of Elizabeth Bowes; marshal of Berwick, 1558: knighted, 1560; provost marshal of Earl of Sussex's army: M.P. for Knaresborouph, 1571, and Morpeth, 1572; high sheriff of county palatine, 1576.
  92. ^ Sir Jerome Bowes (d. 1616), ambassador; temporarily banished from court for slandering Earl of Leicester, 1577: ambassador to Russia, 1583: dismissal after death of the Czar Ivan-vasilovitch; translated from French an Apology for Christians of France 1579.
  93. ^ John Bowes (1690–1767), lord chancellor of Ireland; called to bar in England, 1718, and in Ireland, 1725; solicitor-general, 1730; M.P. for Taghmou, 1731; attorney-general for Ireland, 1739, chief baron of exchequer, 1741, and chancellor, 1757: received title of Baron of Clonlyon, 1758; lord justice in Ireland, 1765 and 1766.
  94. ^ John Bowes (1804–1874), preacher; preached among Wesleyans; became primitive uiethodist minister; renounced all party appellations and started mission at Dundee, 1830; open-air preacher: published pamphlets.
  95. ^ Marmaduke Bowes (d. 1585), catholic martyr; executed at York for harbouring catholic priests.
  96. ^ Sir Martin Bowes (1500?–1566), lord mayor of London; deputy 'keeper of exchange' 1530: sub-treasurer of mint; sheriff of London, 1540; lord mayor, 1545.
  97. ^ Mary Eleanor Bowes, Countess of Strathmore (1749–1800); nee Bowes; married, 1767, John Lyon, ninth earl of Strathmore (d. 1776); married Lieutenant Andrew Stoney; left Stoney and, 1789, obtained divorce for cruelty; published Confessions and other writings.
  98. ^ Paul Bowes (d. 1702), editor of D'Ewes's 'Journals; pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1650; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1661: bencher, 1679: F.RJ3., 1699: edited Journals of his uncle, Sir Simonds D'Ewes, 1682.
  99. ^ Sir Robert Bowes (1495?–1554), commander and lawyer; warden of east and middle marches, 1550, and drew up Book of State of Frontiers and Marches betwixt England and Scotland; privy councillor, 1651; master of rolls, 1552.
  100. ^ Robert Bowes (1535?–1597), English ambassador to Scotland; son of Elizabeth Bowes; sheriff of county palatine of Durham, 1569; M.P. for Carlisle, 1571; treasurer of Berwick, 1575-97; ambassador in Scotland, 1577-83.
  101. ^ Thomas Bowes (fl. 1586), translator; translated first and second parts of Peter de Primauduye's French Academy 1586-94.
  102. ^ Sir William Bowes (1389–146(1?), military commander; served in French wars, 1415-82; knighted at Verneuil; governor of Berwick.
  103. ^ Henry Bowet (d. 1423), archbishop of York; chaplain to Urban VI at Rome; enjoyed confidence of Richard II; prebendary of Lincoln before 1386 banished as abettor of Bolinu'broke, 1399; prebendary of London; one of four regents of king's possessions in southern France: bishop of Bath and Wells. 1401: treasurer, 402; archbishop of York, 1407; accompanied army against Scottish invaders, 1417.
  104. ^ James Bowie (d. 1853), botanist: travelled in Brazil, 1814, and the Cape, 1817 and 1827; collector for Kew Gardens, 1814-23.
  105. ^ Thomas William Bowlby (1817–1860), 'Times' correspondent; solicitor in London; correspondent of the -Timesin Iterlin, 1H48, and China, 1860; cupt by Tartar general San-ko-lin-siu: died from effects ill-treatment,
  106. ^ John Bowle or Bowles (d. 1637), bishop of Rochester; fellow, Trinity College, Cambridge: D.D., 1613; incorporated D.D. Oxford, 1615; dean of Salisbury, 1620; bishop of Rochester, 1629; published religious works.
  107. ^ John Bowle (1725–1788), writer on Spanish literature: M.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1750; F.S.A., 1776; vicar of Idmiston: member of Johnson's Essex Head (lul); earliest discoverer of Lauder's forgeries; published, 1781, a life of Cervantes in Spanish.
  108. ^ Thomas William Bowler (d. 1869), landscape painter; assistant-astronomer at the Cape; published views of South African scenery.
  109. ^ Caroline Anne Bowles (1786–1854). See Southey.
  110. ^ Edward Bowles (1613–1662), presbyterian minister; educated at Catharine Hall, Cambridge; parliamentary minister in York, 1644; actively supported Restoration, 1660; published religious works,
  111. ^ Sir George Bowles (1787–1876), general: served in Peninsular and Waterloo campaigns: in Canada, 1818-20; deputy adjutant-general in West Indies, 1820-5; lieutenant-colonel in Canada, 1838; master of queen's household, 1845; major-general, 1846; K.C.B. and lieutenant of Tower, 1851.
  112. ^ John Bowles (d. 1637). See Bowle.
  113. ^ Phineas Bowles (d. 1722), major-general; colonel of foot regiment in Ireland, 1705; served at Barcelona, Almauza, Saragossa (1710), and was captured in Castile; raised corps of dragoons (now 12th lancers), I 1715.
  114. ^ Phineas Bowles (d. 1749), lieutenant-general; son of Pbineas Bowles (d. 1722): succeeded his I father as colonel of 1 2th dragoons; lieutenant-general, 1745, and governor of Londonderry.
  115. ^ William Bowles (1705–1780), naturalist ; studied science in Paris; superintendent of state mines in Spanish service, 752: published work in Spanish on ; natural history and geography of Spain, 1775.
  116. ^ William Lisle Bowles (1762–1850), divine, poet, and antiquary; educated at Winchester and Trinity 1 College, Oxford: B.A., 1792; vicar of Bremhill, Wiltshire, 1804-50; prebendary of Salisbury, 1804, and canon residentiary, 1828; chaplain to prince regent, 1818; published poems, his sonnets being especially graceful, 17891837, an edition of Pope, 1806, and various ecclesiastical , and antiquarian works.
  117. ^ Robert Kanzow Bowley (1813–1870), amateur musician; conductor of Benevolent Society of Musical Amateurs: connected with Sacred Harmonic Society, 1834-70; originated plan of Handel festivals, 1856.
  118. ^ Samuel Bowly (1802–1884), quaker; cheese factor at Gloucester; took active part in the anti-slavery agitation, and was a strong advocate of total abstinence.
  119. ^ Eddowes Bowman (1810-1 869), dissenting tutor; son of John Eddowes Bowman (1785-1841): sub-manager of Varteg ironworks, near Pontypool, 1835-40; M.A, Glasgow; professor of classical literature and history at Manchester, New College. 1846-63; published theological and other works.
  120. ^ Henry Bowman (fl. 1677), musician; organist of Trinity College, Cambridge; published songs and other musical compositions.
  121. ^ Henry Bowman (1814–1883), architect; son of John Eddowes Bowman (1785-1841); joint author of Ecclesiastical Architecture of Great Britain 1845.
  122. ^ John Eddowes Bowman, the elder (1786–1841), , banker and naturalist; managing partner of a bank at Wrexham; fellow of Linnean and (Jeoloical Societies; published writings on natural history.
  123. ^ John Eddowes Bowman, the younger (1819–1854), chemist; son of John Eddowes Bowman (1786-1841); professor of chemistry, King's College, London,; published scientific works.
  124. ^ Walter Bowman (. 1782), antiquary: comptroller of port of Bristol; F.S.A., 1735; F.R.8., 1742.
  125. ^ Sir William Bowman (1816–1892), ophthalmic surgeon; surgeon, King's College Hospital, 1*66; professor of physiology and general and morbid anatomy, 1848 member of council, 1879; surgeon to Royal Ophthalmic Hospital, Moortields, 1881-76; F.R.S., 1841; 1-11; lir-t pivsiil.-nt of Ophthalmological Society of United Kingdom, 188U; created baronet, 1884; esta.vith Hobert Bentley Todd (1809-1860), St. John's House and sisterhood; published surgical writings.
  126. ^ Samuel Bownas (1676–1753), quaker minister ; cam,- under influence of Anne Wilson, a quakeress, and subsequently travelled as missionary in Great Britain and Ireland; went to America, 1702, and was imprisoned in Long Island for preaching, 1702-3; returned to England, 170ti; revisited America, 1726-8; wrote autobiographical and other works.
  127. ^ Nicholas Bownde or Bound (d. 1613), divine; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1570; M.A., 1576; D.D., 1594; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1577; minister of church of St. Andrew the Apostle, Norwich, 1611-13; published religious works, including The Doctrine of the Sabbath 1595, which gave rise to the first disagreement between high church party and puritans on point of doctrine.
  128. ^ Peter Bowne (1575–1624?), physician; fellow, Corpus Christi College, Oxford; D.M., 1614; F.C.P., 1617; published Pseudo-Medicorum Anatomia 1624.
  129. ^ William Bowness (1809–1867), painter of domestic and figure subjects: self-taught; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1836-67; wrote pieces in Westmoreland dialect.
  130. ^ Sir John Bowring (1792–1872), linguist, writer, and traveller; acquired many languages in a mercantile house at Exeter, clerk in London house of Milford & Co., who sent him to Peninsula, 1811; began business independently; editor of Westminster Review 1824; LL.D. Groningen, 1829; made journeys to examine system of keeping public accounts in European countries; appointed (1831) secretary to commission for inspecting accounts of United Kingdom; sent by government on commercial mission to Belgium, 1833. and Egypt, Syria, and Turkey, 1837-8; M.P. for Clyde burghs, 1835-7; assisted in forming Anti-Cornlaw League, 1838; M.P. for Bolton, 1841; obtained issue of florin as first step towards introduction of decimal system of currency; consul at Canton, 1847; plenipotentiary to China, governor, commander-in-chief and vice-admiral of Hong-Kong, 1854; knighted, 1854; established diplomatic and commercial relations with Siam, 1855; went on commercial mission to Philippine Islands, 1858; returned to England, 1860; investigated British commercial relations with Italy, 1860; F.R.S. His publications include accounts of his missions, works connected with European and eastern poetry, hymns, and political and economical treatises.
  131. ^ John Bowtell (1753–1813), topographer; bookbinder and stationer at Cambridge; left manuscript history of Cambridge.
  132. ^ Sir George Bowyer (1740?–1800), admiral; lieutenant, 1758; captain, 1762; served in West Indies under Byng and Rodney, 1778-81; M.P., Queenborough, 1784; rear-admiral, 1793; wounded in engagement.off Ushant, 1794; created baronet, 1794; admiral 1799.
  133. ^ Sir George Bowyer (1811–1883), seventh baronet; lawyer; cadet at Royal Military College, Woolwich; called to bar at Middle Temple, and created hon. MA. Oxford, 1839; equity draughtsman and conveyancer; D.C.L. Oxford, 1844; reader in law at Middle Temple, 1850; M.P. for Dundalk, 1852-68, and for Wexford county, 1874-80; magistrate and deputy-lieutenant of Berkshire; published a series of valuable text-books on constitutional jiiri-rudence.
  134. ^ Robert Bowyer (1768–1834), painter; exhibited miniatures at Royal Academy, 1783-1828; produced, with assistance of other artists, an illustrated edition of Hume's History of England.
  135. ^ William Bowyer , the elder (1663–1737), printer ; apprenticed to Miles Flesher, 1679; freeman of Stationers Company, 1686; liveryman, and one of twenty printers allowed by Star-chamber, 1700.
  136. ^ William Bowyer , the younger (1699–1777), 'the learned printer son of William Bowyer (1663-1737) ; educated under Ambrose Bonwicke the elder , and at St. John's College, Cambridge; partner with, and corrector of the press for, his father, 1722: printer of votes of House of Commons, 1729; printer to Society of Antiquaries, and F.S.A., 1736; liveryman of StationersCompany, 1738; master, 1771; in partnership with James Emonson, 1754-7; printer to Royal Society, 1761; appointed printer of rules of parliament and journal of House of Lords, 1767; published Origin of Printing 1774. He supplied notes and prefaces to many of his publications, and wrote (1763) Conjectural Emendations of the Greek Testament.
  137. ^ John Boxall (d. 1571), secretary of state; educated at Winchester, and graduated at New College, Oxford; dean of Ely, prebendary of Winchester, and secretary of state to Mary, 1553-8; warden of Winchester College, 1554; privy councillor, and master and councillor of court of requests, 1556; registrar of order of Garter; D.D., and prebendary of York and Salisbury, 1558; deprived of ecclesiastical preferments, 1560; committed to Tower and subsequently to free custody of the archbishop.
  138. ^ Sir William Boxall (1800–1879), portraitpainter; studied at Royal Academy and in Italy; first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1823; R.A., 1863; director of National Gallery, 1866-74; knighted, 1867.
  139. ^ Edward Boxer (1784–1855), rear-admiral; entered navy, 1798; commander, 1815; took part in siege of Acre, and was made C.B., 1840; harbour-master at Quebec, 1843-53; rear-admiral, 1853; second in command in Mediterranean, and superintendent at Balaclava, 1854; died of cholera.
  140. ^ Samuel Boyce (d. 1775), author of a dramatic pastoral, and several poems.
  141. ^ Thomas Boyce (d. 1793), dramatist ; rector of Worlingham, Suffolk; author of Harold, a tragedy (1786).
  142. ^ William Boyce (1710–1779), musician ; chorister at St. Paul's Cathedral; composer and joint-organist to Chapel Royal, 1736; member of Royal Society of Musicians; produced Solomon his best work, 1743; Mus.Doc. Cambridge, 1749; organist of Allhallows the Great and Less, Thames Street, 1749-69; master of the king's band of musicians, and conductor of festivals of Sons of the Clergy, 1755; organist of Chapel Royal, 1758; composed birthday and new year odes, settings to masques and plays (includj ing Tempest Oymbeline and Winter's Tale), songs (including Hearts of Oak), and church music, editing also the collection entitled Cathedral Music
  143. ^ Charles Cunningham Boycott (1832–1897), land agent, from whose name the word boycott is derived; educated at Woolwich; obtained commission in 39th foot, 1850; retired as captain; agent for Lord Erne's estates in county Mayo, 1873; came into conflict with Land League agitators, 1879, and suffered annoyances which in 1880 gave rise to word boycott
  144. ^ Andrew Kennedy Hutchinson Boyd (1826–1899), Scottish divine; studied at King's College and Middle Temple, London, and at Glasgow; B.A., 1846; minister of St. Bernard's, Edinburgh, 1859; honorary D.D. Edinburgh, 1864; minister of first charge, St. Andrews, 1866; LL.D. St. Andrews, 1889; moderator of general assembly, 1890. His publications include Recreations of a Country Parson three series, 1859-61-78.
  145. ^ Archibald Boyd (1803–1883), divine; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1884: D.D., 1868; honorary canon of Gloucester, 1867-67: dean of Exeter, 1867; published History of Book of Common Prayer (1860) and other works.
  146. ^ Benjamin Boyd (1796–1851), Australian squatter : stockbroker in Ixudon, is'Jl 3;: went to Sydney to organise branches of Koyal Australian Banking Company; engaged in whaling and sheep farming.
  147. ^ Henry Boyd (. 1832), translator of Dante ; probably educated at Dublin University; published translations in Knglish verse of Dante'sInferno 1785, and 'Di viiia Commedia 1802, also other translations and original poems.
  148. ^ Hugh Boyd (1746–1794), essayist; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1765; studied law in London; became acquainted with Goldsmith, Garrick, Burke, and Reynolds; secretary to Lord Macartney, governor of Madras, 17M, and subsequently master-attendant at Madras; conducted Madras Courier and other papers in India; his writings were collected and published after his death. The Letters of Junius have been attributed to him.
  149. ^ Hugh Stuart Boyd (1781–1848), Greek scholar ; educated at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; taught Greek when blind (1828-48) to Elizabeth Barrett Browning; published classical translations and other works.  ; M.A. Glasgow:
  150. ^ James Boyd (1795–1856), author . , studied medicine; licensed preacher by presbytery of Dumbarton, 1822; house governor in George Heriot's Hospital, Edinburgh, 1825; classical master, high school, Edinburgh, 1829-56; edited school-books.
  151. ^ Mark Boyd (1805?–1879), author; engaged in business in London; promoted colonisation of Australia and New Zealand; published Reminiscences
  152. ^ Mark Alexander Boyd (1563–1601), Latin scholar; educated at Glasgow; served in troop of horse under Henri III, 1587; subsequently travelled in France and Low Countries, meeting with many adventures; published letters and Latin and Greek poems, 1592, leaving also manuscripts in prose and verse.
  153. ^ Robert Boyd, Lord Boyd (d. 1469?), Scottish statesman; created Lord Boyd, 1454; one of regents during minority of James III, 1460; conspired with his brother, Sir Alexander, obtained possession of king's person, and was made by act of parliament sole governor of realm; negotiated marriage between James and Margaret of Norway, 1468; appointed great chamberlain for life, 1467; found guilty of treason, 1469; fled to Alnwick, Northumberland, where he died.
  154. ^ Robert Boyd, fourth Lord Boyd (d. 1590), statesman; assisted the regent Arran in quelling Lennox's rebellion, 1544; took part with lords of congregation in war against queen regent, 1559; signed treaty of Berwick and joined English army at Prestonpans, 1560; subscribed to Book of Discipline of Kirk 1561; perhaps privy to murder of Darnley; member of jury which acquitted Bothwell, 1567, but joined confederacy of nobles to protect the young prince against Bothwell after his marriage to Mary; subsequently again took Both well's part against bis calumniators; made a permanent member of privy council, 1567; with Mary's forces at Langside, 1568; member of Mary's council, 1569; suspected of complicity in murder of Murray, 1670; joined regent's party (perhaps at Mary's suggestion), and was made privy councillor, 1570; appointed by Morton extraordinary lord of session, 1573; party to Raid of Ruthven and banished, 1583; restored to place on bench, 1686; one of wardens of marches, 1587.
  155. ^ Robert Boyd, of Trochrig (1578–1627), divine; educated at Edinburgh and on continent; professor in university of Saumur, 1606; principal of Glasgow University, 1615-21, and of Edinburgh University, 1622, but was deprived for nonconformity with five articles of Perth; minister of Paisley, 1627; wrote Commentary on Epistle to Ephesians (published posthumously) and other works.
  156. ^ Sir Robert Boyd (1710–1794), general; storekeeper (civilian) of ordnance at Port Mahon, Minorca, till 1756; distinguished himself at siege, 1756, and was made lieutenant-colonel, 1758; colonel of 39th foot, 1766; lieutenantgovernor of Malta, 1768; lieutenant-general, 1777; second in command at defence of Gibraltar, 1779-83: K.B.; general, 1793.
  157. ^ Robert Boyd (d. 1883), alienist; M.R.C.S., 1830; M.D. Edinburgh, 1831; F.R.C.P., 1852; proprietor of a private lunatic asylum, Southall Park; published treatises relating to insanity.
  158. ^ Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran (d. 1469), son of Robert, first lord Boyd; created Earl of Arran and Baron Kilinarnock, 1467; married Lady Mary, sister of James III of Scotland, 1467; escorted Margaret of Norway from Denmark to Scotland, 1469; fled on hearing of his father's trial, and died at Antwerp.
  159. ^ Walter Boyd (1754?–1837), financier; banker in Paris; fled from revolution and established bu with Paul Benfield in London, 1793; contracted for large government loans; M.P. for Shaftesbury, 17961802; bankrupt, 1799; visited France, c. 1802, and was detained until 1814;. M.P. for Lyniiugtoii, 1823-30; wrote pamphlets on financial subjects.
  160. ^ William Boyd , fourth Earl of Kilmarnock (1704-1746), general; educated at Glasgow; joined Young Pretender in hope of advancement, 1745; made privy councillor to Prince Charles, colonel of guards, and subsequently general; fought at Falkirk, 1746; captured at Culloden; executed on Tower Hill.
  161. ^ William Boyd (d. 1772), Irish presbyteriau divine; ordained minister of Macosquiu, co. Derry, 1710; carried commission signed by many presbyterians to Colonel Suitte, governor of New England, proposing emigration to that colony, 1718; signed Westminster confession, 1721; elected moderator at Dungannon, 1730; one of the divines who drew up Serious Warning," 1747; published religious works.
  162. ^ Zachary Boyd (1585?–1653), Scottish divine; M.A. St. Andrews, 1607; minister of Barony parish, Glasgow, 1623; dean of faculty, rector, and vice-chancellor of Glasgow University; published works in verse and prose, and left various manuscripts.
  163. ^ John Boydell (1719–1804), engraver ; studied at St. Martin's Lane academy; published small sets of landscape engravings and views of London, Oxford, and other towns; set up as printseller and publisher of engravings, c. 1751, and rapidly established extensive trade: sheriff of London, 1785; lord mayor, 1790; commissioned well-known artists to paint pictures illustrative of Shakespeare (engravings from which were contained in an edition of Shakespeare published hi 1802) and built Shakespeare Gallery in Pall Mall for their exhibition; compelled by financial difficulties to dispose of his property by lottery, but died before lottery was drawn.
  164. ^ Josiah Boydell (1762–1817), painter and engraver; nephew of John Boydell, and partner and successor in his engraving business: painted pictures for the Shakespeare Gallery; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1772-99; master of Stationers Company and alderman of Cheap ward.
  165. ^ Abel Boyer (1667–1729), miscellaneous writer; born in Upper Languedoc; came to England, 1689; French teacher to William, duke of Gloucester; published yearly register of political and other occurrences, 1703-13, and Political State of Great Britain a monthly periodical, 1711-29.
  166. ^ John Frederick Boyes (1811–1879), classical scholar; educated at Merchant Taylors School and St. John's College, Oxford; M.A.; head-master, Walthamstow proprietary school; published works relating to classical and English poetry.
  167. ^ Charles Boyle, fourth Earl of Oreery and first Baron Marston (1676-1731), antagonist of Bentley; educated at Christ Church, Oxford; edited epistles of Phalaris, which led to controversy with Richard Bentley , and to Swift's Battle of the Books; fought at Malplaquet; major-general, 1709; took part in negotiations preceding treaty of Utrecht; privy councillor; lord of bedchamber, 1714-16: imprisoned for connection with Layer's Jacobite plot, 1721.
  168. ^ David Boyle, Lord Boyle (1772–1853), president of session; called to Scottish bar, 1793; solicitorgeneral for Scotland, 1807; M.P. for Ayrshire, 1807-11; iu-ticiary and lord justice clerk, 1811; privy councillor, 1820; lord justice general uud president of Scottish court of session, c. 1810-52.
  169. ^ Henry Boyle, Baron Carleton (d. 1725), politician; M.P. for Tamworth, MSI.MI, Cambridge University, 1692-1705, Westminster, 17ur-lu; chancellor of exj.r, 1701; lord treasurer of Ireland, 1704-10; principal iry of state, 170H-10; raised to peerage, 1714; lord .-nt of council, 1721-5; patron of Addisou.
  170. ^ Henry Boyle , Earl of Shannon (1682–1764), Whig politician; privy councillor, chancellor of exchequer, commissioner of revenue, and speaker of Irish House of Commons, 1733; created Earl of Shannon, 1756; frequently acted as lord justice of Ireland,
  171. ^ John Boyle (1563?–1620), Irish bishop, brother of Richard, first earl of Cork; D.D. Oxford; bishop of Roscarberry, Cork, and Cloyne, 1617.
  172. ^ John Boyle, fifth Earl of Cork, fifth Earl of Orrery, and second Baron Marston (1707-1762), author; son of Charles Boyle; educated at Christ Church, Oxford; D.C.L., 1743; F.R.S., 1750; friend of Swift, Pope, and Johnson; his works include Remarks on Swift 1751, and a Translation of Letters of Pliny the Younger 1751.
  173. ^ Michael Boyle, the elder (1580?–1635), Irish bishop; educated at Merchant Taylors School and St. John's College, Oxford; M.A., 1601; D.D., 1611; bishop of Waterford and Lismore, 1619.
  174. ^ Michael Boyle, the younger (1609?–1702), archbishop of Armagh, nephew of Michael Boyle (1580 ?1635); M.A. Trinity College, Dublin; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1637; D.D., 1637; chaplain-general to English army in Munster; privy councillor in Ireland and bishop of Cork, Cloyne, and Ross, 1660; bishop of Dublin, 1663; chancellor of Ireland, 1665; archbishop of Armagh, 1675.
  175. ^ Murragh Boyle, Viscount Blessington (d.1712), son of Michael Boyle (1609?-1702); wrote The Lost Princess, a tragedy.
  176. ^ Richard Boyle, first Earl of Cork (1566–1643), Irish statesman; called the great earl; educated at Bennet's (Corpus Christi) College, Cambridge: entered Middle Temple; went to Ireland, 1588; escheator to John Crofton, escheator general, 1590; imprisoned on charge of embezzling records, 1592; again accused of embezzling records, but obtained acquittal; clerk of council of Munster; conveyed news to Elizabeth of victory near Kinsale, 1601; purchased for 1,000l. Sir Walter Raleigh's Irish possessions, out of which he rapidly acquired a large fortune; knighted, 1603; privy councillor for Munster, 1606, and for Ireland, 1612; created Lord Boyle, baron of Youghal, 1616, and Viscount Dungarvan and Earl of Cork, 1620; appointed one of lords justices of Ireland, 1629; lord high treasurer, 1631; he worked skilfully and with persistent secrecy to undermine Wentworth's authority from 1633, and was probably largely responsible for his impeachment, 1641.
  177. ^ Richard Boyle (d. 1644), divine; brother of Michael Boyle the elder; dean of Waterford, 1603; bishop of Cork, Cloyne, and Ross, 1620; archbishop of Tuam, 1638.
  178. ^ Richard Boyle , first Earl of Burlington and second Earl of Cork (1612-1697), statesman: son of Richard Boyle, first earl of Cork; knighted, 1624; assisted his father in Irish rebellion, 1642; supported king during war; created Baron Clifford of Lanesborough, Yorkshire, 1643; lord-lieutenant of West Riding of Yorkshire, and custos rotulorum, e. 1663; created Earl of Burlington, 1663; promoted cause of William and Mary.
  179. ^ Richard Boyle, third Earl of Burlington and fourth Earl of Cork (1695-1753), statesman; privy councillor, 1714; lord-lieutenant of West Riding of Yorkshire, custos rotulorum of North and West Ridings, and lonl high treasurer of Ireland, 1716; K.C.G., 1730; he was a patron of literature and art, and spent large sums of money in gratifying a taste for architecture, altering mid partly reconstructing Burlington House, London, 1716.
  180. ^ Hon. Robert Boyle (1627–1691), natural philosopher and chemist; son of Richard Boyle, first earl of Cork; educated at Eton and by private tutors; studied on continent: returned to England, 1644; settled at Oxford, 1654, erected laboratory, and published New Experiments Physico-Mathematical (1660, to second edition of which (1662) was appended his Defence against Linus containing experimental proof of proportional relation between elasticity and pressure, known as 'Boyle's Law'; published moral and religious essays, and studied Hebrew, Greek, Chaldee, and Syriac: governor of Corporation for the Spread of the Gospel in New England, 1661-89, and a director of the East India Company; took leading part in founding Royal Society, on first council of which he sat, declining office of president from a scruple about the oaths. His voluminous writings (published between 1660 and 1691), while embodying no great discovery, exhibit vividly the fruitfulness of the experimental method; the first complete edition of them was published by Birch in 1744, 5 vols. Boyle bequeathed his mineralogical collections to the Royal Society, and by his will founded and endowed the Boyle Lectures
  181. ^ Roger Boyle, Baron Broghill and first Earl of Orrery (1621-1679), statesman, soldier, and dramatist; son of Richard Boyle, first earl of Cork; created Baron Broghill, 1627; educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and at Oxford; travelled in France and Italy; commanded troops in Scotland, and (1641-2) Ireland; served under parliamentarians, 1647-8; accepted from Cromwell general's command in Ireland, 1650; M.P. for Cork, 1664, and for Cork and Edinburgh, 1656, being sent, as lord president of council, to Scotland; member of Cromwell's council; obtained command in Munster, being convinced that Richard Cromwell's cause was hopeless, and, with Sir Charles Coote, secured Ireland for the king; M.P. for Arundel in Convention parliament; one of lords justices of Ireland, and created Earl of Orrery, 1660; impeached for raising money by his own authority from the king's subjects, but proceedings stopped by the king's proroguing parliament; his publications include a Treatise on the Art of War(1677), and rhymed tragedies, some of which were produced with success.
  182. ^ Roger Boyle (1617?–1687), bishop; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; dean of Cork; bishop of Down and Connor, 1667, and of Clogher, 1672; wrote religious works.
  183. ^ Boyne first Viscount(1639–1723). See Gustavus Hamilton.
  184. ^ John Boyne (d. 1810), water-colour painter and engraver; drawing master in London; his works include heads from Shakespeare's plays.
  185. ^ David Boys or Boschus (d. 1451), Carmelite; lecturer in theology at Oxford; head of Carmelite community at Gloucester.
  186. ^ Edward Boys (1599–1667), divine; educated at Eton and Corpus Christi College, Oxford; M.A., 1627; B.D., 1634; rector of Mautboy, Norfolk, 1639-67.
  187. ^ Edward Boys (1785–1866), captain ; sou of John Boys (1749-1824); entered navy, 1796; prisoner in France, 1803-9; commander, 1814; superintendent of Deal dockyard, 1837-41; published account of his captivity, 1827.
  188. ^ John Boys (1571–1625), divine; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; fellow of Clare Hall; master of Eastbridge Hospital; D.D., 1605; dean of Canterbury, 1619; member of high commission court, 1620; chief works, Expositions of the Dominical epistles and gospels and of the proper psalms.
  189. ^ John Boys (1561–1644). See John Bois.
  190. ^ John Boys (1614?–1661), translator of Virgil; nephew of Edward Boys (1699-1667); presented to mayor of Canterbury declaration in favour of the assembly of a free parliament, and narrowly escaped imprisonment, 1660; published verse translations from Virgil.
  191. ^ Sir John Boys (1607–1664), royalist; captain in royal army and governor of Donning ton Castle, Berkshire, which he three times successfully defended, 1644; knighted, and appointed colonel, 1644; imprisoned for petitioning for free parliament, 1659; receiver of customs at Dover under Charles II.
  192. ^ John Boys (1749–1824), Kentish agriculturist: famous for his breed of Southdown sheep; published works on agricultural subjects.
  193. ^ Thomas Boys (1792–1880), theologian and antiquary; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1817; attached to military cheat in Peninsula, 1813; ordained, 1822: incumbent of Holy Trinity, Hoxton; professor of Hebrew at.Missionary College, Islington, 1836; published translation of bible into Portuguese.
  194. ^ Thomas Shotter Boys (1803–1874), water-colour painter and lithographer; studied painting in Paris; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1824; executed, lithographed, and engraved illustrations for several publications, including Uu- kin'sStones of Venice
  195. ^ William Boys (1735–1803), surgeon; mayor of Sandwich, 1767 and 1782; F.S.A., 1776: surgeon to sick and wounded seamen at Deal, 1789; published archaeological and topographical writings.
  196. ^ Joseph Boyse (1660–1728), presbyterian minister ; ministered at Brownist church at Amsterdam, 1682; minister at Dublin, 1683-1728; published controversial tracts in behalf of the presbyterian dissent.
  197. ^ Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), poet ; son of Joseph Boyse; educated at Glasgow University; adopted no profession, and during the latter part of his life experienced great poverty. His writings includeThe Deity a poem (1739), and An Historical Review of the Transactions of Europe, 1739-45 (1747).
  198. ^ Roger le Brabazon (d. 1317), judge; justice itinerant of pleas of forest in Lancashire, 1287; justice of king's bench, 1289; prepared proofs of legality of Edward I's claim to suzerainty over Scotland, 1291; justice itinerant in west of England, 1291; chief- justice, 12951316: member of Prince Edward's council, 1297; sat on trial of Earl of Atholl and convicted him, 1307; commissioner of various royal forests, 1300-16.
  199. ^ Sir William Brabazon (d. 1552), lord justice of Ireland; knighted and appointed vice-treasurer and general receiver of Ireland, 1534; lord justice of Ireland, 1543, 1546, and 1549; Irish privy councillor, 1547.
  200. ^ Baron Brabourne (1829–1893). See Edward Hugessen Knatchbull-Huguessen.
  201. ^ Theophilus Brabourne (b. 1590), divine; ordained before 1628: minister at Norwich; published 4 Discourse upon Sabbath Day maintaining that Saturday was the sabbath, 1628, and Defence of Sabbath Day 1632; imprisoned and ultimately recanted to the satisfaction of the high commission court.
  202. ^ Anne Bracegirdle (1663?–1748), actress; appeared at Theatre Royal, 1688, as Lucia in Shadwell's 'Squire of Alsatia with Betterton at Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre as Angelica in Love for Love 1695; created Belinda in Vanbrugh's Provoked Wife and Almeria in Congreve'sMourning Bride 1697; played Isabella, Portia, Desdemona, Ophelia, Cordelia, and Mrs. Ford, in Shakespearean adaptations; eclipsed by Mrs. Oldfleld, 1707, retiring from the stage in consequence,
  203. ^ John Bracegirdle (d. 1611), poet; B.D. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1602; vicar of Rye, 1602-14; author of a poetical translation from Boethius.
  204. ^ Henry Bracken (1697–1764), physician ; studied in London, Paris, and Leyden; M.D. Leyden; mayor of Lancaster, 1747-8, and 1757-8; groundlessly imprisoned for abetting Jacobite rebellion, 1746; published works on farriery.
  205. ^ Charles Booth Brackenbury (1831–1890), major-general; second lieutenant, royal artillery, 1850; served in Crimea; captain, 1865; military correspondent of the Times with Austrian army, 1866, in Le Mans campaign, 1870-1, and Turkish war, 1877; colonel, 1882; director of artillery studies at Woolwich, 1887; received temporary rank of major-general, 1889; wrote on military subjects.
  206. ^ Sir Edward Brackenbury (1785–1864), lieutenant-colonel; lieutenant, 1803; served in Peninsula; attached to Portuguese and Spanish army, 1814-16; knighted, 1836; lieutenantroolonel, 1837.
  207. ^ Joseph Brackenbury (1788–1864), poet; graduated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; chaplain to Madras establishment, 1812; published poems,
  208. ^ Robert Brackenbury or Brakenbury (d. 1485), constable of the Tower; appointed master and worker of moneys and keeper of king's exchange at Tower of London, and constable for life of Tower, 1483; serve against rebels headed by Henry Stafford, second duke Buckingham; esquire of royal body; keeper lions in Tower, 1484; vice-admiral and commissioner of admiralty, 1484; knighted; sheriff of Kent, 1485: rcfi to obey command of Richard III to make away with princes in Tower and delivered keys to Sir James Tyrrell ; held command under Richard at Bosworth and was killed.
  209. ^ Henry de Bracton, Bratton , or Bretton (d. 1268), ecclesiastic a ud judge; justice itinerant for Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire, 1245, Northumberland, Westmoreland, Cumberland, and Lancashire, 1246, and western counties between 1260 and 1267; chancellor of Exeter Cathedral, 1264; prebendary of Exeter and of I.o-l m 1 11. and perhaps chief- justice; wrote, between 1235 and 1259, De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae (first complete edition, Richard Tottell's, 1569), the earliest attempt to treat the whole extent of the law in a manner at once systematic and practical.
  210. ^ David Bradberry sometimes called Bradbury (1736–1803), nonconformist divine ; minister of baptist congregations in London, Ramsgate, and Manchester; published religious works.
  211. ^ Bradbridge or Brodebridge (1501-1578), bishop of Exeter; B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1528; fellow, 1529; M.A., 1532; B.D., 1539; espoused reformed religion and fled from England, 1553; prebendary of Sarum, 1555; canon of Chichester; subscribed to articles of 1562 and 1571; chancellor of Chichester, 1562; dean of Salisbury, 1563; bishop of Exeter, 1571.
  212. ^ Samuel Bradburn (1751–1816), methodist preacher; itinerant minister, c. 1772, and one of the greatest preachers of his day.
  213. ^ George Bradbury (d. 1696), judge ; M.A. Oxford, 1663; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1667; one of chiefs of bar summoned to consult with peers on political crisis, 1688; judge in exchequer court, 1689.
  214. ^ Henry Bradbury (1831–1860), writer on printing; studied nature-printing in Vienna.
  215. ^ Thomas Bradbury (1677–1759), congregational minister; pastor of independent congregations in New Street, Fetter Lane, 1707, and at New Court, Lincoln's Inn Fields, 1728; published religious works and sermons, many of which were political.
  216. ^ Edward Braddock (1695–1756), major-general ; ensign, 1710; captain and lieutenant-colonel, grenadier company, 1735; second major, Coldstreams, 1743; accompanied Admiral Lestock's expedition to L'Orient, 1746; served under Prince of Orange in Holland, 1746-8; colonel. of 14th foot at Gibraltar, 1753; major-general, 1754; general and commander-in-chief in North America, 1755; commanded expedition against Fort Duquesne, 1755, when he was mortally wounded.
  217. ^ John Braddocke (1666–1719), divine ; M.A. St. Catharine's Hall, Cambridge, 1678; chaplain to Bishop of Exeter, 1707; master of Eastbridge Hospital, Kent, 1709.
  218. ^ Laurence Braddon (d. 1724), politician : called to bar at Middle Temple; imprisoned, 1683-9, for disseminating rumours that Earl of Essex (who died in Tower, 1683) was murdered; solicitor to wine licence office, 1695; published works relating to Essex's death, and other writings.
  219. ^ James Brade (1795?–1860).
  220. ^ William Brade (ft. 1616), English musician; violinist to Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and to town of Hamburg; capellmeister to margrave of Brandenburg, 1619; perhaps died at Frankfurt, 1647; published musical compositions.
  221. ^ Henry Joseph steele Bradfield (1805–1862). surgeon and author: stipendiary magistrate in -15, and Trinidad, 1838; colonial secretary in Barbados, 1842; dismissed; published poetical and other works.
  222. ^ John Bradford (1510?–1565), protestant martyr : studied at Inner Temple, 1547; entered St. Catharine's Hall. Cambridge, 1548; M.A., 1649; fellow of Pembroke Hall: chaplain to Bishop Ridley; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1551; one of king's chaplains in ordinary; imprisoned on charge of preaching seditious sermons, 1553-5; condemned and burnt at Smithfield; wrote sermons and other religious works and translations.
  223. ^ John Bradford (d. 1780), Welsh poet, presided in bardic chair of Glamorgan, 1750.
  224. ^ John Bradford (1750–1805), dissenting minister ; B.A. Vadham College, Oxford; curate at Frelsham, Berkshire; joined Countess of Huntingdon's connexion; preached at City Chapel, Grub Street, London, 1797-1805; published religious works.
  225. ^ Samuel Bradford (1652–1731), bishop of Rochester; educated at St. Paul's School, Charterhouse, and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; M.A., 1680; D.D., 1706; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1697; rector of St. Mary-le-Bow, 1693; chaplain in ordinary to William III, 1698; prebendary of Westminster, 1708; Boyle lecturer, 1699; master of Corpus Christi College, 1716-24; bishop of Carlisle, 1718; bishop of Rochester and dean of Westminster, 1723; dean of order of Bath, 1725.
  226. ^ Sir Thomas Bradford (1777–1853), general; ensign, 1793; assistant adjutant-general in Scotland, 1801; served in Peninsula, 1808; colonel, 1810; commanded Portuguese division at Vittoria; held command in France, 1815-17, and in Scotland, 1819-25; commander-in-chief at Bombay, 1826-9; Q.C.B., 1838; general, 1841.
  227. ^ William Bradford (1590–1657), second governor of Plymouth, New England; joined Brownists, 1606, and followed them to Amsterdam, 1607; accompanied the community to Leyden, 1609, and, in the Mayflower, to Plymouth, New England, 1620; succeeded Carver as governor of Plymouth, 1621, and was re-elected every year (with exception of two intervals of three years and two years respectively at his own request); joint author of A Diary of Occurrences 1622, leaving in manuscript a History of the Plymouth Plantation (published 1856).
  228. ^ William Bradford (1663–1752), first printer in Pennsylvania; accompanied William Peun on his first voyage to Pennsylvania, 1682; established first American paper mill, near Philadelphia, 1686; appointed royal printer for New York and New Jersey; projected first book printed in America, 1688; began publication of New York Gazette. the first New York newspaper, 1726.
  229. ^ Walter Bradick (1706–1794), merchant at Lisbon; published poetical and other writings,
  230. ^ Charles Bradlaugh (1833–1891), freethought advocate and politician; private soldier in army, 1850-3; clerk in solicitor's office in London, 1863; entered into freethought and radical propaganda under name of Iconoclast; proprietor of National Reformer from 1862; member of parliamentary reform league, 1866; elected M.P. for Northampton, 1880; was refused right to affirm instead of swearing on bible; unseated; re-elected, 1881, and was ejected from house by force; expelled, 1882; re-elected, 1882, and excluded, 1883; re-elected, 1884, excluded, 1885; again elected, 1885, and allowed to take his seat, 1886, remaining M.P. for Northampton till death. He engaged in several lawsuits to maintain freedom of press, published pamphlets, and from 1874 to 1885 was associated with Mrs. Besant's work.
  231. ^ Charles Bradley (1789–1871). preacher: educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford; vicar of Glasbury, Brecknockshire, 1825-71; incumbent of St. James's Chapel, Clapham, 1829-52; published sermons.
  232. ^ Edward Bradley (1827–1889), author of ' Verdant (ireen; B.A. University ColW j, Durham, 1848; licentiate in theology, 1849; rector of Stretton, Rutland. 1871; publishedAdventures of.Mr. Verdant Green, an Oxford Freshman 1863-6; vicar of Lenton with Hanby, 18H3: contributed extensively as E. B. or Cuthbert Bale to periodicals, and published works in verse and prose, some illustrated by himself.
  233. ^ George Bradley (1816–1863), editor of 'Newcastle Guardian 1848; published system of shorthand.
  234. ^ James Bradley (1693–1762), divine and astronomer; M.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1717; made observations on Jovian system and had hisCorrected Tablesprinted in Halley'sPlanetary Tables 1719: F.R.S., 1718; presented to vicarage of Brldstow, 1719; chaplain to bishop of Hereford; elected Savilian professor of astronomy at Oxford, and resigned preferments, 1721; announced discovery of aberration of light in paper read to Royal Society, 1729; lecturer on experimental i philosophy at Oxford, 1729-60; astronomer-royal, and I D.D. by diploma, Oxford, 1742; published discovery of nutation of earth's axis in paper read to Royal Society, j 1748, and was awarded Copley medal; member of council ; of Royal Society, 1752-62. His observations were pub: lished in two volumes (1798 and 1805).
  235. ^ Ralph Bradley (1717–1788), lawyer; called to bar at Gray's Inn; conveyancing barrister at Stocktonon-Tees; published works on conveyancing.
  236. ^ Richard Bradley (d. 1732), botanist; F.R.S., 1720; appointed professor of botany at Cambridge, 1724; lectured on Materia Medica 1729: published horticultural works.
  237. ^ Thomas Bradley (1597–1670), divine; B.A., Exeter College, Oxford, 1620; accompanied Buckingham to Isle of Rhe and Rochelle as chaplain, 1627; chaplain to Charles I, 1628; D.D. Oxford, 1642; temporarily deprived of his livings in Yorkshire by parliamentary committee; prebendary of York, 1666; published sermons,
  238. ^ Thomas Bradley (1751–1813), physician ; M.D. Edinburgh, and L.O.P., 1791; physician to Westminster Hospital, 1794-1811; published revised edition of Fox's Medical Dictionary 1803.
  239. ^ William Bradley (1801–1857), portrait painter; exhibited at Royal Academy and other institutions between 1823 and 1846.
  240. ^ Thomas Bradock (c.1576–1608), translator; M.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1580: incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1584; head-master, Reading grammar school, 1588; translated into Latin Jewell's confutation of Harding's attack on Jewell's Apologia.
  241. ^ Richard Bradshaigh (1601–1669). See Richard Barton (Jesuit).
  242. ^ Ann Maria Bradshaw (1801–1862), actress and vocalist; nte Tree: appeared, after 1819, as Ariel, Viola, : Imogen, Julia Two Gentlemen of Verona), Ophelia, j and Rosalind at Covent Garden; retired, 1825.
  243. ^ George Bradshaw (1801–1853), originator of I railway guides; engraver and printer at Belfast and I afterwards at Manchester; first produced, 1839, Railway Time Tables which developed into Bradshaw's Monthly Railway Guide (first published 1841); associate of In 1 stitution of Civil Engineers, 1842.
  244. ^ Henry Bradshaw (d. 1513), Benedictine monk of Chester; studied theology at Gloucester College, Oxford. Wrote De Antiquitate et Magnificentia Urbis Cestrine and Chronicon and a Life of St. Werburgh in English verse (published 1521).
  245. ^ Henry Bradshaw (d. 1661), parliamentarian; elder brother of John Bradshaw (1602-1659); served in parliamentary ariny; sat on court-martial which tried Earl of Derby and other royalists at Chester, 1652; imprisoned for this act, 1660-1; pardoned, 1661.
  246. ^ Henry Bradshaw (1831–1886), scholar, antiquary, and librarian; educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge; fellow, 1853; B.A., 1864: assistant in Cambridge University Library, 1866-8; appointed to supervise and arrange manuscripts and early printed books at Cambridge, 1869: took prominent part in exposing pretences of forger Simonides, 1863; librarian of the university, 1867-HC,: published treatise on typographical and antiquarian -ubuvts some con; original discoveries. The Henry Bradshaw Society for ix li tins? rare liturgical texts, was founded in his memory, IHto.
  247. ^ James Bradshaw (1636?–1702), nonconformist divine; educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford: ordained minister of Hindley, Lancashire: concerned in Sir George Booth's royalist rising; ejected, 1662: minister at Rainford chapel, Prescot, 1672; published religious works.
  248. ^ James Bradshaw (1717–1746), Jacobite rebel ; merchant in Manchester; joined cause of Young Pretender, 1745; captured at Culloden and subsequently executed,
  249. ^ John Bradshaw (1576–1618). See White.
  250. ^ John Bradshaw (1602–1659), regicide; called to bar at Gray's Inn, 1627; judge of sheriffscourt, in London. 1643; chief-justice of Chester and judge in Wales, 1647; serjeant-at-law, 1648; lord president of parliamentary commission for trial of Charles I, 1649; presided at Charles's trial and pronounced sentence, and subsequently at trials of leading royalists; president of council of state, 1649-52; attorney-general of Cheshire and North Wales, 1649; chancellor of duchy of Lancaster, 1649-53; opposed Cromwell's gradual assumption of arbitrary power, and temporarily retired from political life; member of council of state and commissioner of great seal, 1659; buried in Westminster Abbey. In 1660 Bradshaw, Cromwell, Ireton, and Pride, though dead, were attainted, and their bodies exhumed, hanged, and reburied at Tyburn.
  251. ^ John Bradshaw (fl. 1679), political writer; condemned to death for violence at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, but pardoned; subsequently turned quaker and, later, papist.
  252. ^ Lucretia Bradshaw (fl. 1714), actress; married Martin Folkes, 1714; played Sylvia in the Double Dealer
  253. ^ Richard Bradshaw (fl. 1650), parliamentarian; quartermaster-general under Sir William Brereton in civil war; employed by parliament on diplomatic missions, 1650-9; commissioner of navy, 1660.
  254. ^ Thomas Bradshaw (fl. 1591), poet; M.A. Oxford, 1549; published The Shepherd's Starre 1591, a Theocritean paraphrase in prose and verse.
  255. ^ William Bradshaw (1571–1618), puritan divine; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge; came under influence of Thomas Cartwright; fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1699; lecturer at Chatham, 1601, but suspended for heretical teaching; lecturer at Christ Chnrch, Newgate, c. 1605; published English Puritanisme 1605, basing a scheme of church polity on complete autonomy of individual congregations, while advocating strongly duty of submission to civil authority.
  256. ^ William Bradshaw (fl. 1700), hack writer, employed by the eccentric bookseller John Dunton, whom he robbed.
  257. ^ William Bradshaw (1671–1732), bishop of Bristol; M.A. New College, Oxford, 1700; prebendary of Canterbury, 1717; D.D., 1723; dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and bishop of Bristol, 1724.
  258. ^ Nicholas Bradshawe (fl. 1635), author of Canticvm Evangelicvm Suminam Sacri Evangelii continens 1635.
  259. ^ Anne Bradstreet (1612–1672), poetess; nee Dudley: settled at Charlestown, New England, 1630, at Ipswich, 1634, and Merrimac, 1638; published "The Tenth Muse* (1650), and left in manuscript Meditations.
  260. ^ Dudley Bradstreet (1711–1763), adventurer; employed as spy by government officials and the Dukes of Newcastle and Cumberland during Jacobite rising, 1745; wrote an acting play entitled the Magician, or Bottle Conjurer printed with his Life (1755).
  261. ^ Robert Bradstreet (1766–1836), poet ; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1789; published The Sabine Farm a poem, in 10.
  262. ^ Sir Samuel Bradstreet (1735?–1791), baronet; called to Irish bar, 1768; recorder of Dublin, 1766; M.P. for city of Dublin in Irish parliament, 1776 and 1783: judge, 1784; commissioner of great seal, 1788.
  263. ^ Thomas Bradwardine (1290?–1349), arch!ihop of Canterbury; educated at Merton College, Oxford; university proctor, 1325; expanded his lectures on theology into a treatise which earned for him the title of Doctor Profundus; chaplain to Richard of Bury, bishop of Durham, 1335; chancellor and prebendary of St. Paul's, 1337; prebendary of Lincoln; royal chaplain and confessor, 1338; one of commissioners to treat of peace with King Philip after battles of Cressy and Neville's Cross; consecrated archbishop of Canterbury at Avignon, 1349; wrote religious treatises.
  264. ^ Sir Antonio Brady (1811–1881), admiralty official; second-class clerk in accountant-general's office, Somerset House, 1844; registrar of contracts, 1864; first superintendent of admiralty new contract department, 1869-70; knighted, 1870; devoled himself to social, educational, and religious reforms.
  265. ^ Henry Bowman Brady (1835–1891), naturalist and pharmacist; carried on business as pharmaceutical chemist at Newcastle, 185-76: on council of pharmaceutical Society; F.L.S., 1859-87; F.R.S., 1874; honorary LL.D. Aberdeen, 1888; published Report on Foraminifera, collected by H.M.S. Challenger 1884, and other works.
  266. ^ Hugh Brady (d. 1584), Irish bishop; bishop of Meath and Irish privy councillor, 1563; bishop of united see of Meath and Clonmacnoise from 1568.
  267. ^ John Brady (d. 1814), clerk in victualling office ; published Clavis Calendaria 1812.
  268. ^ Sir Maziere Brady (1796–1871), Irish lawyer; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1819; called to Irish bar, 1819; solicitor-general for Ireland, 1837; attorney-general, 1839; chief baron of exchequer, 1840; judge of Irish court of chancery, 1846; lord chancellor in Ireland, 1847-52, 1853-8 and 1859-66; first vice-chancellor of the Queen's University, 1850; created baronet, 1869.
  269. ^ Nicholas Brady (1659–1726), divine and poet; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford: B.A., 1682; B.A. Dublin, 1685; M.A., 1686; D.D., 1699; prebendary of Cork, 1688; upheld cause of Prince of Orange duringre volution; held living of Richmond, Surrey, 1696-1726, rectory of Stratford-on-Avon, 1702-5, and rectory of Clapham, 1705-6; chaplain to William III, Mary, and Anne, and to Duke of Ormonde's regiment of horse; wrote, with Nahum Tate, metrical version of Psalms.
  270. ^ Robert Brady (d. 1700), historian and physician; M.D. and master of Caius College, Cambridge, 1660; F.C.P., 1680; physician in ordinary to Charles II and James II; regius professor of physic at Cambridge; M.P. for the university, 1681 and 1685; published works on English history.
  271. ^ Thomas Brady (1752?–1827), general; major-general, 1796, and lieutenant-general, 1801, in Austrian service; governor of Dalmatia, 1804; privy councillor, 1807; general, 1809.
  272. ^ Philip Bragg (d. 1759), lieutenant-general; served in Marlborough's campaigns; captain in Ireland, 1713; master of Royal Hospital, Kilmainham, 1732; lieutenant-general, 1747; M.P. for Armagh.
  273. ^ William Bragge (1823–1884), engineer and antiquary; engineer on railway from Chester to Holyhead; engaged in railway engineering in Brazil; managing director of firm of Sir John Brown & Co., Sheffield, 1868-72; developed organisation for manufacture of watches by machinery at Birmingham, 1876; collected books and curios; F.S.A.; F.R.G.S.
  274. ^ Frances Elizabeth Anne Braham , afterwards Countess Waldegrave (1821-1879). See Waldegrave.
  275. ^ John Braham (1774?–1856), tenor singer; first appeared at Covcnt Garden, 1787; engaged at I loyalty Theatre, Vdlclose Square, 1787-9; at Bath, 1794-6; achieved great success at Drury Lane, 1796; toured on continent with Nancy Storace, 1797-lsui: with.-torace at J)rury Lane !rm I su: until her retirenn nt. 1-iiix; continiied attached to Drury Lane, but appe:ir.-d alM at other theatres, in Italian opera, and in most provincial festivals and important concerts and oratorio-: made provincial tour with Mrs. Billington, 1810; joined Van- in buying the Colosseum, Regent's 1'ark, 1H31, and built St. James's Theatre, 1835, both speculations proving disastrous; toured unsuccessfully in America, is I": retired, 1852. The duetAll's Wellis one of the In-st-remembered of his works.
  276. ^ Robert Braham (. 1555), editor of Lydgate's Auncient Historic of Warres betwixte Grecians and Troyans (1555).
  277. ^ James Braid (1795?-1860), writer on hypnotism ; nlth-atcd at Edinburgh University; M.R.O.S.E.; surgeon to miners at Earl Hopetoun's works in Lanarkshire; made experiments relating to mesmerism, and proved the personal nature of the mesmeric influence; published works on hypnotism, which term he originated,
  278. ^ Benjamin Braidley (1792–1845), writer on Sunday schools; constable of Manchester, 1831, and boroughreeve, 1832; high constable of hundred of Salford; published a work onSunday Schools
  279. ^ James Braidwood (1800–1861), superintendent of London fire-brigade; builder, and afterwards superintendent of fire-engines in Edinburgh; superintendent of London fire-engine establishment, 1832; killed in a fire near Londoi Bridge; published pamphlet relating to fire-brigades.
  280. ^ Thomas Braidwood (1715–1806), teacher of the deaf and dumb; educated at Edinburgh University; kept mathematical school at Edinburgh, and subsequently school for teaching the deaf and dumb, which he removed, in 1783, to Hackney.
  281. ^ John Brailsford , the elder (ft. 1712–1739), poetical writer; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1717; rector of Kirby, Nottinghamshire.
  282. ^ John Brailsford , the younger (d. 1775), divine ; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1766; head-master of free school, Birmingham, 1766-75.
  283. ^ John Braithwatte (d. 1660), quaker ; follower of George Fox, writing in support of his doctrines,
  284. ^ John Braithwaite (1700?–1768?), historian; served under African Company, in fleet in Anne's reign, and, later, in army; published History of Morocco, 1727-8(1729).
  285. ^ John Braithwaite , the elder (d. 1818), engineer; constructed one of the earliest successful diving bells, c. 1783.
  286. ^ John Braithwaite, the younger (1797–1870), engineer; son of John Braithwaite (d. 1818); arranged ventilation of House of Lords by means of airpumps, 1820; constructed donkey-engine, 1822; manufactured first practical steam fire-engine, c. 1829; built with Ericsson caloric engine, 1833; engineer-in-cbief to Eastern Counties railway, 1836-43; F.S.A.,1819; M.I.C.E., 1838; M.S.A., 1819; joint-founder and editor of Railway Times 1837.
  287. ^ Richard Braithwaite (1588?–1673). See Brathwaite.
  288. ^ Jocelin de Brakelonde (. 1200). See Jocelin.
  289. ^ Joseph Bramah (1748–1814), inventor; worked as cabinet-maker in London; invented Bramah locks; patented the Bramah hydraulic press, 1795.
  290. ^ John Bramhall (1594–1663), archbishop of Armagh; M.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1616; D.D., 1630; sub-dean of Ripon; chaplain to Wentworth in Ireland, 1633; bishop of Derry, 1634; impeached by Irish Commons for rigorous opposition to covenanters, and imprisoned, but liberated through influence of Ussher, 1641; came to England and assisted royalists, 1644; retired to continent, 1644; in Ireland, 1648-9, but again retired to continent; archbishop of Armagh, KJtil; speaker of Irish House of Lords, 1661; enforced conformity, though with comparative moderation. His religious writings were collected and published 1677.
  291. ^ John Bramis or Bromis (14th cent.), writer; monk of Thetford; translated Romance of Waldef from French metre into Latin prose.
  292. ^ John Bramley-Moore (1800–1886), chairman of the Liverpool docks; in trade in the Brazils; alderman of Liverpool, 1841; chairman of dockyard committee, 1842; mayor, 1848; conservative M.P. for Maldon, 1854-9, and for Lincoln, 1862-5; chairman of Brazilian chamber of commerce in Liverpool.
  293. ^ Francis Bramston (d. 1683), judge ; son of Sir John Bramston the elder; M.A. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1640; fellow, c. 1642; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1642; steward of king's courts in Essex, 1660; bencher and reader of Middle Temple, 1668; serjeant-atlaw and steward of court of common pleas, Whitechapel, 1669; baron of exchequer, 1678-9.
  294. ^ James Bramston (1694?–1744), poet; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1720; vicar of two Sussex parishes; published Art of Politicks 1729, and Man of Taste and other poems.
  295. ^ James Yorke Bramston (1763–1836), catholic bishop; educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; studied at Lincoln's Inn; theological student at English college, Lisbon, 1792; engaged in missionary work at Lisbon; entrusted with catholic mission in St. George's-in-theFields; vicar-general of London district, under Bishop Poynter, 1812; vicar-apostolic, 1827; bishop of Usulse in partibus infldelium, 1823.
  296. ^ Sir John Bramston , the elder (1577–1654), judge ; educated at Jesus College, Cambridge; studied at Middle Temple; reader, 1623: counsel to Cambridge University, 1607; serjeant-at-law, 1623; queen's serjeant, 1632; king's serjeant, 1634; chief-justice ef king's bench, 1635; presided temporarily in House of Lords, 1640; impeached by Commons for subscribing opinion on ship-money, 1640; removed from office in king's bench, 1642, but restored, 1643, having been made serjeant-at-law.
  297. ^ Sir John Bramston, the younger (1611–1700), lawyer; son of Sir John Bramston (1577-1654); educated at Wadham College, Oxford; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1635; K.B., 1660; frequently acted as chairman of committees of whole House of Commons; M.P. for Maldon, 1685, and, later, for Chelmsford; left autobiography (published 1845).
  298. ^ George William Wilshere Bramwell, Baron Bramwell (1808–1892), judge; studied law under Fitzroy Kelly; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1838; joined home circuit; Q.C., 1851; served, 1853, on commission resulting in Companies Act (1862); appointed judge of exchequer and knighted, 1856: lord justice, 1876-81; raised to peerage, 1882.
  299. ^ John de Brancastre or Bramcestre (d. 1218), clerk in exchequer; vicar of Brancaster, Norfolk; prebendary of Lincoln, 1208.
  300. ^ Thomas Branch (fl. 1753), author of ' Thoughts on Dreaming (1738) and Principia Legia et Equitatis (1753).
  301. ^ Thomas Brancker or Branker (1633–1676), mathematician; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1665; fellow, 1656; M.A., 1658; rector of Tilston, near Malpas, 1668; head-master of Macclesfield grammar school; published translation of introduction to algebra from High Dutch of Rhonius.
  302. ^ Barbarina Brand, Lady Dacre (1768–1854), poet and dramatist: daughter of Admiral Sir Chaloner Ogle; married, first, Valentine Wilmot, and, secondly, 1819, Thomas Brand, twenty-first lord Dacre: wrote dramas, translations, and poems.
  303. ^ Hannah Brand (d. 1821), actress and dramatist ; schoolmistress at Norwich; appeared at King's Theatre, Haymarket, in her own tragedy ofHuniades 1792; played Lady Townly in Provoked Husband at York Theatre, 1794; again became governess; published 'Dramatic and Poetical Works 1798.
  304. ^ Sir Henry Bouverie William Brand , first Viscount Hampden and twenty-third Baron Dacre (1814-1892), speaker; educated at Eton; private secretary to Sir George Grey, 1846; liberal M.P. for Lewes, 1852, 1857, 1859, and 1865, and for Cambridgeshire, 1868-1884; parliamentary secretary to treasury, 1859-66: speaker of House of Commons, 1872-84; G.C.B., 1881: created Viscount Hampden of Glynde, 1884; succeeded to title of Dacre, 1890.
  305. ^ Sir Johannes Henricus Brand (Jan Hendrik) (1823–1888), president of the Orange Free State : born at Cape Town; educated at South African College, Cape Town, and Leyden: LL.D. Leyden, 1845; called to bar in Inner Temple, 1849: practised in supreme court of Cape Colony; member for Clamvilliam in first House of Assembly, 1864; professor of law, South African College, 1858; elected president of Orange Free State, 1863; engaged in war with Basutos, 1865-6 and 1867; re-elected president, 1869, 1874, and 1879; remained neutral during Transvaal war, 1881; G.C.M.G., 1886; resigned, 1887, in consequence of vote of censure of Raad on his negotiations with President Kruger of Transvaal, who unsuccessfully sought his alliance against British on railway question; withdrew resignation.
  306. ^ John Brand (1668?–1738), Scottish minister: M.A. Edinburgh, 1688; minister of Borrowstouness, Linlithgowshire, 1695; journeyed to Orkney, 1701, and published A Brief Description of Orkney
  307. ^ John Brand (1744–1806), antiquary ; apprenticed as oordwainer at Newcastle, 1758; B.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1776: received perpetual curacy of Cramlington, near Newcastle, 1774; F.S.A., 1777; rector of St. Maryat-Hill and St. Mary Hubbard, London, 1784; resident secretary to Society of Antiquaries, 1784-1806; published History of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and other works, leaving in manuscript antiquarian collections.
  308. ^ John Brand (d. 1808), divine ; M.A., Caius College, Cambridge, 1772; rector of St. George's, Southwark, 1797-1808; published in tory interest pamphlets on politics and political economy.
  309. ^ Thomas Brand (1636–1691), nonconformist divine; educated at Merton College, Oxford; studied law at the Temple; ordained minister of Staplehurst, whence he was driven by persecution. He built many meetinghouses, and devoted large sums to charitable purposes.
  310. ^ Robert Brandard (1805–1862), engraver; studied under Edward Goodall; exhibited oil and watercolour paintings between 1831 and 1858.
  311. ^ William Thomas Brande (1788–1866), chemist; apprenticed as apothecary; delivered lectures in London on physics, chemistry, and mater i a medica, 1808; F.R.S., 1809; professor of chemistry, 1812, and, later, of materia medica, to ApothecariesCompany: succeeded Sir Humphry Davy as professor of chemistry at Royal Institution, 1813; chief officer of coinage department of mint, 1864; joint-editor of Quarterly Journal of Science and Art 1825: one of secretaries of "Royal Society, 18161826; fellow and member of Senate of London University, and examiner in chemistry, 1846-58; hon. D.C.L. Oxford; F.R.S. Edinburgh; published Manual of Chemistry and Dictionary of Pharmacy and Materia Medica besides editing Dictionary of Science and Art 1842.
  312. ^ Gustavus Brander (1720–1787), merchant and antiquary; trader in London: director of Bank of England; F.R.S.; curator of British Museum; collected antiquarian curiosities, pictures, and books.
  313. ^ Charles Brandon, first Duke of Suffolk (d. 1545), soldier and statesman; squire of the royal body to Henry VIII, and chamberlain of principality of North Wales, 1509; marshal of king's bench, 1510: ranger of New Forest, 1512; created Viscount Lisle, 1513; marshal of army invading France, 1513; created Duke of Suffolk, 1514; went on royal mission to France, 1514, and, although lie had already a wife living, secretly married Henry sister, Mary, at Paris, 1515, the validity of the marriage being secured by a papal bull; accompanied Henry to Field of Cloth of Gold, 1520; commanded unsuccessful invasion of France, 1628; supported Henry in efforts to obtain divorce from Catherine of Arragon; warden of marches against Scotland, 1542; commanded arrny invailing France and captured Boulogne, 1544; ste%-ard of king's household.
  314. ^ Henry Brandon (1535–1551), and Charles(1537 ?-155l), Dukes of Suffolk; sons of Charles Brandon, first duke of Suffolk; educated under Thomas (afterwards Sir Thomas) Wilson, and at St. John's College, Cambridge, where they caught the sweating sickness, which proved fatal.
  315. ^ John Brandon (fl. 1687), divine ; B.A. Oriel Coli lege, Oxford, 1665; rector of Finchamstead; published religious works.
  316. ^ John Raphael Brandon (1817–1877), architect; carried on business with his brother, Joshua Arthur Brandon, whom he assisted in writing Parish Churches 1848, Analysis of Gothic Architecture 1847, and Open Timber Roofs of Middle Ages 1849; committed suicide.
  317. ^ Joshua Arthur Brandon (1802–1847), architect; joint-author with his brother, John Raphael Brandon, in architectural publications.
  318. ^ Richard Brandon (d. 1649), executioner of Charles I and various distinguished royalists; son of Gregory Brandon, common hangman of London.
  319. ^ Samuel Brandon (16th cent.), author of The Tragi-comoedi of the Virtuous Octavia 1598.
  320. ^ Sir Thomas Brandon (d. 1509), diplomatist; uncle to Charles Brandon, duke of Suffolk; Lancastrian; accompanied embassies to conclude peace with France, 1492, and a treaty with Emperor Maximilian at Antwerp, 1503; held offices in royal household; K.G.
  321. ^ Samuel Brandram (1824–1892), reciter; educated at Merchant Taylorsand King's College schools and Trinity College, Oxford; M.A., 1849; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1850; practised as barrister till 1876; became professional reciter, gaining wide popularity; published selections for recitation.
  322. ^ Jeremiah Brandreth, called Jeremiah coke (d. 1817), rebel; served in army: headed, as tool of one Oliver, a rising in midland counties; executed at Derby.
  323. ^ Joseph Brandreth (1746–1816), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1770; established the Dispensary at Liverpool; published medical treatises.
  324. ^ Thomas Shaw Brandreth (1788–1873), scholar and mathematician; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; second wrangler, second Smith's prizeman, and chancellor's medallist, 1810: M.A., 1813; fellow: called to bar; practised at Liverpool; F.R.S., 1821: invented several mechanical devices connected with locomotion: published a treatise on the digamma, and a verse translation of the Iliad.
  325. ^ Francis Frederick Brandt (1819–1874), legal writer; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1847; published treatises, relating chiefly to the law as affecting sport.
  326. ^ James Brandwood (1739–1826), quaker; joined Quakers, 1761, and became itinerant preacher. A selection from his letters and papers was published posthumously, 1828.
  327. ^ Thomas Branker (1633–1676). See Brancker.
  328. ^ James Hews Bransby (1783–1847), Unitarian divine; minister of presbyterian congregation at Moreton Hampstead, Devonshire, 1808; kept a school at Dudley; developed tendency to kleptomania, and subsequently committed forgery, and was permitted to retire to Wales, 1828; published historical and other works.
  329. ^ Allen Robert Branston (1778–1827), woodengraver; apprenticed to his father as copper-plate engraver; came to London, 1799; illustrated Bloomfield's Wild Flowers 1806, and other works.
  330. ^ William Branthwaite (d. 1620), translator of the bible; B.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1582; fellow of Emmanuel College, 1584; M.A., 1686: D.D., 1598; member of one of two Cambridge committees appointed to revise translation of bible, 1607-11, his share being the Apocrypha.
  331. ^ Thomas de Brantingham (d. 1394), lord treasurer and bishop of Exeter; canon and prebendary of St. Paul's, 1361: treasurer of Calais and Guisnes, 1361-8; prebendary of Hereford, 1363; treasurer of Bath and Yll-. Cathedral, 1367: lord treasurer, 1369-71,1377-81, jiinl KM'J; bishop of Exeter, 1370: one of lords appointed to reform and regulate realm and king's household, 1386.
  332. ^ Charles Branwhite (1817–1880), landscape painter; son of Nathan Brauwhite; practised as luinl-caiMpainter in water-colour; exhibited pictures from 1 HI).
  333. ^ Nathan Branwhite (fl. 1825), miniature painter and engraver; son of Peregrine Bran white; cxliiiiited at Royal Academy between 1802 and 1825
  334. ^ Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), minor poet; conducted a school at Lavenham, Suffolk; published poetical writings.
  335. ^ Philip de Braose (fl. 1172), soldier; uncle of William de Braose; held command in Henry II's military operations at Wexford, 1172.
  336. ^ William de Braose (d. 1211), rebel baron; sheriff of Herefordshire, 1192-9; justice itinerant in Staffordshire, 1196; with Richard in Normandy, 1195; granted, by John, all the lands he could conquer from Wt-Nh; sheriff of Herefordshire, 1206-7; obtained honour of Limerick (without the city), 1201: attended John at Rouen, 1203: received grant of city of Limerick at ferm, Ixtf: lost favour, and subsequently (1210) raised a rebellion in Wales; died an outlaw in France.
  337. ^ Joseph Brasbridge (1743–1832), autobiographer; silversmith in London; became bankrupt; published Fruits of Experience an autobiography, 1824.
  338. ^ Thomas Brasbridge (fl. 1590), divine ; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1562; M.A., 1664; obtained living at Banbury, where he opened a school and practised medicine; published miscellaneous writings.
  339. ^ John Brasbrigg or Bracebrigge (fl. 1428), priest of convent of Syon. Reputed author of manuscript entitled Catholicon continens quatuor partes grammaticae.
  340. ^ John Brass or Brasse (1790–1833), educational writer; fellow, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1811; M.A., 1814; D.D., 1829; held living of Stotfold, Bedfordshire, 1824-33; published educational works.
  341. ^ Anna Brassey or Annie, Baroness Brassey (1839-1887), traveller and author; nte Allnutt; married, 1860, Mr. Thomas Brassey (created Baron Brassey, 1886); published Voyage of the Sunbeam 1878, and other descriptions of long sea-voyages; dame chevaliere of order of St. John of Jerusalem, 1881; died at sea near Brisbane.
  342. ^ Thomas Brassey (1805–1870), railway contractor; originally articled to a land surveyor; contracted for various works on London and Southampton railway, and subsequently for many large railway undertakings, including English Great Northern (1847-51), Canadian Grand Trunk (1852-9), Crimean (1854), Australian (18591863), Argentine (1864), and Indian (1858-65).
  343. ^ Richard Brathwaite (1588?–1673), poet; educated at Oriel College, Oxford; possibly served on royalist side in civil war; produced between 1611 and 1665 a number of works of varying merit, of which the most famous is Barnabas Itiuerarium, or Barnabee's Journal a record of English travel in doggerel verse (1638).
  344. ^ Bravonius (d. 1207). See Senatus.
  345. ^ Lord Braxfield (1722–1799). See Robert Macqueen.
  346. ^ Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), novelist ; nee Kempe; married Charles Alfred Stothard, an artist, 1818; he died, 1821, while engaged on a work, Monumental Effigies of Great Britain which was completed by his widow and published 1832; she married, secondly, the Rev. Edward Atkyns Bray; published several novels of historical character between 1826 and 1874, besides other writings, including letters to Southey on legends of the Tainar and Tavy.
  347. ^ Charles Bray (1811–1884), philosophical writer ; ribbon manufacturer at Coventry, 1835 till 1856; engaged in numerous enterprises for amelioration of condition of working classes; published philosophical writings, based chiefly on phrenology and the docrine of necessity.
  348. ^ Edward Atkyns Bray (1778–1857), miscellaneous writer; called to the bar at Middle Temple, 1806: joined western circuit, but abandoned law for the church; vicar of Tavistock and perpetual curate of Brent Tor, 1812; B.D. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1822: published selections of sermons by eminent divines. HisPoetical Remains appeared, 1869.
  349. ^ John Bray (fl. 1377), physician: author of a manuscript list of herbs in Latin, French, and English.
  350. ^ Sir Reginald Bray (d. 1503), statesmfl* and architect; receiver-general and steward of household to Sir Henry Stafford, second husband of Margaret, countess of Richmond, mother of Earl of Richmond, afterwards Henry VII; actively engaged in bringing about marriage of Earl of Richmond with the Princess Elizabeth; created K.B. at Henry VII's coronation; K.G.: privy councillor and joint chief- justice of forests south of Trent; high treasurer and chancellor of duchy of Lancaster; paymaster of forces in Brittany, 1492; high steward of Oxford (and perhaps of Cambridge) university, 1494; knight-banneret, after Blackheath, 1497; conducted improvements in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, and probably designed Henry VII's Chapel, Westminster.
  351. ^ Thomas Bray (1656–1730), divine; B.A. All Souls College, Oxford, 1678; M.A. Hart Hall, 1693; rector of Sheldon, 1690; published Catechetical Lectures which brought him immediate popularity; selected by the bishop of London as his commissary in Maryland, which province had lately been divided into parishes; projected a scheme for establishing parochial libraries in England, which was successful, and developed into the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; D.D. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1696; arrived in Maryland, 1700, but returned at once, finding that he could serve the Maryland church better in England; obtained charter incorporating society for propagating gospel throughout British plantations, 1701; received living of St. Botolph-Without, Aldgate, 1706; negrophile; published religious works and writings relating to his various projects.
  352. ^ Thomas Bray (1759–1820), archbishop of Cashel; author of a work in Latin and English (privately printed, 1813), containing a papal bull against freemasonry, and a decree of Council of Trent against duellists; D.D.
  353. ^ William Bray (d. 1644), divine ; M.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1620; B.D., 1631; chaplain to Archbishop Laud; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1632; vicar of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, 1633; sequestered, 1643.
  354. ^ William Bray (1736–1832), antiquary; educated at Rugby; held position in board of green cloth for nearly fifty years; F.S.A., 1771, treasurer, 1803. He completed the Rev. Owen Manning'sHistory of Surrey(1804-14), and published antiquarian writings of his own.
  355. ^ Henry de Braybroc (d. 1234?), judge; sheriff of Rutlandshire, Buckinghamshire, Northamptonshire, and Bedfordshire; joined barons against John, and was excommunicated, 1215; reinstated in his lands after battle of Lincoln, 1217; justice of assize in Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, 1224; imprisoned by Falkes de Breaute; justice itinerant for Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, 1225; justice of bench, 1227.
  356. ^ Robert de Braybroke (d. 1404), ecclesiastic and judge; licentiate in civil law at Oxford; prebendary of York, 1366, Lincoln, 1378, and Lichfield, 1379: dean of Salisbury, 1380; bishop of London and chancellor of Bristol, 1381; tried, unsuccessfully, to mediate between Richard II and barons, 1387; reformed chapter of St. Paul's, 1398; privy councillor under Henry IV.
  357. ^ Edward Wedlake Brayley , the elder 1773-1854), topographer and archaeologist; associated with John Britton (1771-1867) in several publications, including Beauties of England and Wales to which he contributed: F.S.A.. 18:; librarian and secretary of Russell Institution, Great Coram Street, 1825-54; published topographicall and archaeological works.
  358. ^ Edward William Brayley, the younger (1802-1870), writer on science; son of Edward Wedlake Brayley: studied science in London and Royal Institutions: joint-librarian of London Institution, Pinsbury Circus: joint-editor of Annals of Philosophy 'Zoological Journal and Philosophical Magazine 18221845; an original member of the Chemical and Zoological societies; wrote and edited several scientific works, and contributed to English Cyclopaedia and other works; F.R.S., 1864.
  359. ^ William Brayne (d. 1657), governor of Jamaica; lieutenant-colonel of foot in Scotland, 1653; governor of Inverlochy; governor of Jamaica, 1656-7
  360. ^ Nicholas Breakspear (d. 1159). See Adrian IV.
  361. ^ John Brearcliffe (1609?–1682). See Briercliffe.
  362. ^ Falkes de Breauté (d. 1226). military adventurer; a Norman of mean birth; sheriff of Glamorgan, 1211; became one of John's evil counsellors; held command in royal army against barons, 1215-17; conducted his operations with considerable success, and contributed largely to the victory over the dauphin Louis at Lincoln which virtually ended the war; abetted Albemarle's revolt, 1220; assisted Hubert de Burgh in quelling insurrection in favour of Louis at Oxford, 1222; joined Earl of Chester and other lords in scheme for seizing the Tower, 1223; surrendered to king at Northampton on threats of excommunication; found guilty of more than thirty acts of wrongful disseisin, 1224, and heavily fined; ordered his garrison at Bedford to seize the justices, one of them, Henry de Braybroc, being in consequence captured and imprisoned at Bedford Castle, which was commanded by Falkes's brother William, and was surrendered to the king after a stubborn resistance; captured soon afterwards, and, his possessions being forfeited, was committed to keeping of bishop of London; banished, 1225; enlisted the sympathies of the pope, who appealed unsuccessfully to Henry III in his behalf.
  363. ^ Sir David Brechin (d. 1321), Scottish warrior; gained title of The Flower of Chivalry for feats of arms probably in crusades; supported English cause in Scotland; warden of Dundee, 1312: captured at Bannockburn, 1314, and gained favour of King Robert; executed for complicity in Lord Soulis's conspiracy against Robert.
  364. ^ Robert Bree (1759–1839), physician ; B.A. University College, Oxford, 1778; studied medicine at Edinburgh; M.A., 1781; M.D., 1791; F.R.O.S., 1807; censor, College of Physicians, 1810, 1819, and 1830; elect, 1830; Harveian lecturer, 1827; F.R.S.: vice-president, 1811; published medical writings.
  365. ^ James Wilkinson Breeks (1830-1872), Indian civil servant; entered Madras civil service, 1849; commissioner of the Nilagiris, c. 1867; died from illness contracted while collecting tribal utensils, arms, &c., for Indian Museum, Calcutta; wrote Account of Tribes and. Monuments of the Nilagiris published posthumously by government.
  366. ^ James Breen (1826–1866), astronomer : calculator at Greenwich, e. 1842; assistant in Cambridge observatory, 1846; spent some years in study abroad; F.R.A.S., 1862; published astronomical writings.
  367. ^ Bregwin or Bregowine (d. 766), archbishop of Canterbury; born in the old Saxon land; came to England to study; archbishop, 759; buried at Canterbury.
  368. ^ John Brekell (1697–1769), presbyterian divine ; solo pastor at Kaye Street, Liverpool, 1744-69; published religious works.
  369. ^ Sir Nicholas Brembre (d. 1388), lord mayor of London: alderman of Bread Street ward, 1376; lord  ! mayor, 1377 and 1378; one of collectors of customs for  : port of London, c. 1379-86, his comptroller being Geoffrey Chaucer; accompanied king to Smithfield on rising of Commons, 1381, and was knighted; M.P. for city of London, 1383; obtained by force his election as lord mayor, 1 383; supported Richard IPs struggle for absolute power, 1387, and was executed.
  370. ^ Sir James John Gordon Bremer (1786–1850), ! rear-admiral; lieutenant in navy, 1805; captain, 1814; C.B., 1816; took part in Burmese war; K.O.H., 1836; commanded expedition to China, 1840-1; K.C.B., 1841; second in command of Channel squadron, 1846; commodore superintendent of Woolwich dockyard, 1846; rearadmiral, 1849.
  371. ^ David Bremner (d. 1852), engineer for Clyde trustees; son of James Bremner.
  372. ^ James Bremner (1784–1856), engineer ; settled as shipbuilder at Pulteney Town, and was engaged in designing harbours and piers on northern coast of Scotland; published professional writings.
  373. ^ Robert Bremner (d. 1789), music printer and publisher; produced several collections of songs and works of musical instruction, including Rudiments of Music (1756).
  374. ^ Brenan (fl. 1756), painter in Dublin ; published Painter's Breakfast, a dramatic satire, 1756.
  375. ^ John Brenan (1768?–1830), physician; M.D. Glasgow; practised at Dublin from 1801; started 'Milesian Magazine(1812), in which he attacked College of Physicians and ventilated grievances in satirical verse of considerable poignancy; discovered remedy for puerperal fever and internal inflammation.
  376. ^ Julius Lucius Brenchley (1816–1873), traveller and author; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1843; ordained curate of Holy Trinity, Maidstone, 1843; made (1847-67) journeys to Utah, New Mexico, Panama, Ecuador, Peru and Chili, India, China and Mongolia, and Japan, Australia and New Zealand, Siberia and Poland; bequeathed large miscellaneous collections to Maidstone; published writings on his travels.
  377. ^ Brendan or Brenainn, saint (490?–673), of Birr, now Parsonstpwn, King's County; of second order of Irish saints; a disciple of St. Finnian of Clonard. His day is 29 Nov.
  378. ^ Brendan or Brenainn, saint (484–577), of Olonfert; of second order of Irish saints; studied under St. Ita, Bishop Ere, and St. Jarlath of Tnam; presbyter; perhaps made journey to western and northern islands, which formed basis of mediaeval legend of Navigation of St. Brendan in the original form of which two journeys are described; visited Brittany between 520 and 530; founded monastery of Cluain Fearta, 553. His day is 16 May.
  379. ^ Charlotte Brent (d. 1802), singer ; pupil of Dr. Arne; first appeared in public, 1758; engaged at Covent Garden, 1759-70, creating principal parts in several operas; married Thomas Pinto, 1766; toured with her husband in Scotland and Ireland, 1770-80; last appeared in Comus at Covent Garden, 1784.
  380. ^ John Brent (1808–1882), antiquary and novelist ; held offices in Canterbury corporation: F.S.A., 1853; member of British Archaeological Association and other societies; published poetical works and novels, and contributed to archaeological publications.
  381. ^ Sir Nathaniel Brent (1575–1652), warden of Merton College, Oxford; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1598; university proctor, 1607; bachelor of law, 1623; warden of Merton, 1622; commissary of diocese of Canterbury and vicar-general to the archbishop; judge of prerogative court: knighted, 1629; successfully opposed Laud, who on a visitation to Merton, 1638, insisted on many radical reforms; sided with parliament on outbreak of civil war; was made judge-marshal, and signed the covenant; deposed from wardenship by Charles I, resumed office, 1646; president of parliamentary commission for visitation of universities. 1647-51; published translation into English of Pietro Sarpi's History of Council of Trent 1620, and other works.
  382. ^ Edward Pelham Brenton (1774–1839), navy captain: entered navy. 1788; lieutenant, 1795; captain, iSiiH: vervcd in American war, 1811; flag-captain to Hi r Benjamin Hallowell. 1H15; published Naval History of C iv.n Uritain, 17H3-1822 1823.
  383. ^ Sir Jahleel Brenton (1770–1844 ),vioc-a.lmiral : horn in Rhode Island; served in royalist navy at outbreak of war of independence; accepted comuiis-ion in Swedish navy, and was promoted lieutenant in English navy, 1790; post-captain, 1800; flag-captain to Sir James Saumarez, 1801; prisoner of war in French hands, 1803-6; served in Mediterranean, 1807 till 1810, when he was wounded in action off Naples; baronet, 1812; K.O.B., IM. r: connniioner of dockyard of Port Mahon, 1813, and, later, of Oape of Good Hope till 1822; rear-admiral, ls:;n; lieutenant-governor, Greenwich Hospital, 1831; vice-admiral, 1840; published religious writings,
  384. ^ John Brereley (Jl. 1624). See James Anderton.
  385. ^ Roger Brereley or Brierley (1586–1637), divine and poet; perpetual curate of Grindleton Chapel, Mitton-iu-Craven, where his followers became known as Grindletonians; probably charged (before 1628) at York by high commissioners with holding doctrines of antinomiau tendency, but acquitted; received living of Burnley, Lancashire, 1631. Volumes of his literary remains appeared posthumously.
  386. ^ John Brereton (fl. 1603), voyager to New England; accompanied first party of English who landed in New England with intention of settling, 1603, but returned almost immediately; published Description of Elizabeth's Ile, and some others towards North Part of Virginie, 1602.
  387. ^ Owen Salusbury Brereton (1715–1798), antiquary; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; called to bar, 1738; recorder of Liverpool, ! 1742-98; vice-president, Society of Arts, 1765-98; M.R.S.; bencher of Lincoln's Inn; treasurer and keeper of Black Book; M.P. for Ilchester, 1775-80; contributed to Archaeologia and Philosophical Transactions
  388. ^ Thomas Brereton (1691–1722), dramatist ; B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1712; held government office connected with customs at Chester; drowned while attempting to escape prosecution for libel; published two Knirlish adaptations from plays by Racine and Corneille, and some poetical writings.
  389. ^ Thomas Brereton (1782–1832), lieutenantcolonel; volunteered in West Indies, 1797; ensign, 1798; captain, 1804; invalided home, 1813; lieutenant-governor of Senegal and Goree, 1814; lieutenant-colonel royal African corps, 1815; commanded Oape Town garrison, 1819-23; commanded troops quartered near Bristol at outbreak of the Reform riots, 1831; court-martialled for negligence, inaction, and neglect of civil authority; committed suicide before trial was concluded.
  390. ^ Sir William Brereton (d. 1541), lord justice in Ireland; knighted, 1523; deputy chamberlain of Chester; marshal of army in Ireland and Irish privy councillor, 1539; temporarily lord justice of Ireland, 1540.
  391. ^ Sir William Brereton (1604–1661), parliamentary commander; created baronet, 1627; travelled in Great Britain, Ireland, and on continent, 1634-5 (his Diary published by Chetham Society, 1844); M.P. for Cheshire, 1628 and 1640; headed parliamentary movement in riicslrire, c. 1642; commander-in-chief of forces in Cheshire and neighbouring southern counties; defeated Sir Thomas Aston at Nantwich and at Middlewich, 1643; defeated Rupert at Tarvin and captured Liverpool and iSliivw-tniry, 1644; captured Lichfield and Dudley Castle and defeated Lord Ashley near Stow-in-the-Wold, 1646; chief forester of Macclesfield forest and seneschal of hundred of Macclesfield on conclusion of war.
  392. ^ Sir William Brereton (1789-1864), lieutenant-general; second lieutenant, royal artillery, 1805; served in Peninsular and Waterloo campaigns, 1809-15; after varied service, he was second in command in Bocca Tigris expedition, and at capture of Canton, 1848; at siege of Sevastopol, 1854; K.C.B., 1861; lieutenant-general, 1864.
  393. ^ Edward Brerewood or Bryerwoord (1565?-1613), antiquary and mathematician: M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1590; first professor of astronomy, Gresham College, London, 1596; member of Old Society of Antiquaries; left mathematical, religious, and antiquarian manuscripts, which were published posthumously.
  394. ^ Sir Robert Brerewood (1588–1654), judge; educated at Brasenose College, Oxford; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1615; judge of North Wales, 1637; recorder of Chester, 1639; reader at Middle Temple, 1638; serjeant-aMaw, 1640; king's Serjeant, 1641; knighted, 1643; judge, 1644.
  395. ^ Thomas Brerewood (d. 1748), poetical writer; grandson of Sir Robert Brerewood. His Galfred and Juetta appeared in 1772.
  396. ^ Joseph Bretland (1742–1819), dissenting minister; minister of Mint Chapel, Exeter, 1770-2 and 17891793, and at George's meeting house, Exeter, 1794-7, where he kept a classical school, 1772-90; tutor at academy in west of England for educating protestant dissenters, 1799-1805.
  397. ^ Thomas Bretnor (fl. 1607–1618), almanac maker; published two almanacs, 1607 and 1615, and a work (translated from French) on opium.
  398. ^ John le Breton (d. 1275), bishop of Hereford ; canon, and, c. 1268, bishop of Hereford. He was believed at beginning of 14th century to have been author of the work known as Britton (mainly Bracton's treatise on English law condensed), probably written c. 1290.
  399. ^ Nicholas Breton (1545?–1626?), poet; probably educated at Oxford, perhaps at Oriel College; produced between 1577 and 1626, satirical, religious, romantic and pastoral writings, in verse and prose, which include (in verse) The Countess of Penbrook's (Pembroke's) Passion* (first privately printed) (1853), Pasquil's Mad-cappe (earliest known copy) (1626),The Soules Heavenly Exercise (1601), The Passionate Shepheard (1604), The Honour of Valour (1605), and (in prose) an angling idyll entitled Wits Trenchmour (1597), The Wil of Wit, Wit's Will or Wil's Wit(1599), Crossing of Proverbs 1616, The Figvre of Foure (first published c. 1597), and A Mad World, my Masters (1603), a dialogue.
  400. ^ William Breton (d. 1356). See Briton.
  401. ^ Arthur Brett (d. 1677?), poet; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1659; vicar of Market Lavington, Wiltshire; subsequently subsisted by begging in London; published poetical writings.
  402. ^ George Brett (1630–1659), Jesuit. See Keynes.
  403. ^ Henry Brett (d. 1724), colonel ; studied at Oxford and the Temple: M.P. for borough of Bishop's Castle, Shropshire, c. 1700; lieutenant-colonel of foot regiment raised by Sir Charles Hotham, 1705; member of Addison's circle.
  404. ^ John Brett (d. 1785), navy captain : lieutenant, 1734; captain. 1741; served on North American coast, 1755; published translations from Spanish of Feyjoo.
  405. ^ John Watkins Brett (1805–1863), telegraphic engineer: originated scheme of submarine telegraphy; established telegraphic communication between England and France, 1850.
  406. ^ Sir Peircy Brett (1709–1781), admiral; second lieutenant under Commodore Anson at Paita, 1741; engaged and disabled the Elisabeth, which, with munitions of war, was convoying Young Pretender's vessel to Scotland, 1745; served at Finisterre, 1747: knighted, 1753; commodore in Downs, 1758-61: second in command in Mediterranean, 1762; lord commissioner of admiralty, 1766-70; vict-udmirai. 1770; admiral, 1778.
  407. ^ Richard Brett (1560?–1637), divine; B.A. Hart Hall, Oxford; fellow of Lincoln College: D.D., 1605; rector of Quainton, 1595: appointed by James I one of translators of bible into English; published translations from Greek into Latin.
  408. ^ Robert Brett (1808–1874), surgeon; studied at St. George's Hospital, London; M.R.C.S.E., and L.S.A.L., 1830; practised at Stoke Newington: took active part in Tractarian movement, Dr. Pusey being among his friend: vice-president of English Church Union.
  409. ^ Thomas Brett (1667–1743), nonjuring divine; LL.B. Corpus Ohristi College, Cambridge, 1689; LL.D., 1697; rector of Ruekinge, 1706, and soon afterwards adopted nonjuring principles: resigned living, 1714; consecrated bishop by nonjuring bishops Collier, Spinckes, and Howes, 1716; published religious and other works.
  410. ^ William Baliol Brett, Viscount Esher (1816-1899), judge; educated at Westminster and Caius Colleere, Cambridge; M.A., 1845; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1846; bencher, 1861: joined northern circuit; Q.O., 1861: conservative M.P. for Helston, Cornwall, 1866-8; solicitor-general, 1868: additional justice of common pleas, 1868; justice in high court, 1875; privy councillor, 1876; lord justice of appeal, 1877; master of rolls, 1883; created Baron Esher of Esher, 1885; retired, and was created Viscount Esher, 1897.
  411. ^ Katharine Brettargh (1579–1601), puritan; sister of John Bruen; married William Brettargh, c. 1599; persecuted for her religious opinions,
  412. ^ Jacob Brettell (1793–1862), Unitarian divine; educated at Manchester College, York; minister of Rotherham, 1816; took part in anti-corn law agitation.
  413. ^ Jacob Charles Cates Brettell (1817–1867), lawyer: son of Jacob Brettell; educated for unitarian ministry: became Roman catholic and went to America, where he was successively tutor, minister of a German church, and barrister; published poetical, religious, and other works.
  414. ^ Matthew Brettingham , the elder (1699–1769), architect; pupil of William Kent, designer of Holkham, the Earl of Leicester's seat in Norfolk, on which Brettingham worked; designed mansions in Palladian style; published Remarks on places visited in Continental tours.
  415. ^ Matthew Brettingham , the younger (1725–1803), architect; son of Matthew Brettingham (16991769); worked in Palladian style.
  416. ^ Robert Furze Brettingham (1750–1806?), architect; nephew of Matthew Brettingham the elder ; studied in Italy; erected many mansions throughout the country, and, after 1 790, obtained extensive practice as prison architect; resident clerk of board of works, c. 1771-1805.
  417. ^ John Durant Breval (1680?–1738), miscellaneous writer; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow, 1702; M.A., 1704; expelled for alleged misconduct, 1708; volunteer in army in Flanders; became successively ensign and captain; employed by Marlborough in diplomatic missions; subsequently engaged in dramatic and other writing in London; noticed at some length in the Dunciad in retaliation for his merciless ridicule of Pope.
  418. ^ Daniel Brevint or Brevin (1616–1695), divine; educated at protestant university at Saumur; M.A., 1624; fellow of Jesus College, Oxford, 1637; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1638; deprived of fellowship by parliamentary commissioners; retired to Jersey, bis birthplace, ami thence to France: chaplain to Turenne; returned to England, 1660; received stall in Durham Cathedral, 1660; D.D. Oxford, 1663; dean and prebendary of Lincoln, 1682; published protestant polemics, and devotional works, including The Christian Sacrament and Sacrifice 1673.
  419. ^ Antony Brewer (fl. 1665), dramatic writer; wrote The Love-sick King."
  420. ^ Ebenezer Cobham Brewer (1810–1897), miscellaneous writer; son of John Sherreu Brewer; B.C.L. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1835: ordained priest, 1836; LL.D., isio. His works includeDictionary of Phrase and Fable 1870.
  421. ^ George Brewer (b. 1766), miscellaneous writer; served as midshipman in navy; lieutenant in Swedish navy, 1791; Attorney in London; contributed to the European Magazine and published dramas, novels, and miscellaneous writings.
  422. ^ James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), author of many novels and topographical compilations, inelinliiitr contributions to series called Beauties of England and Wales
  423. ^ Jehoiada Brewer (1752?–1817), dissenting minister; published religious writings.
  424. ^ John Brewer (1744–1822), English Benedictine monk; appointed to mission at Bath, where a new chapel built by him was destroyed by rioters, 1780.
  425. ^ John Sherren Brewer (1810-1879), historical writer; graduated at Queen's College, Oxford, 1832; lecturer in classical literature, King's College, London, 1839, and professor of English language and literature and lecturer in modern history, 1855-77; commissioned, 1856, by master of rolls, Sir John Romilly, to prepare calendar of state papers of Henry VIII; principal of Working Men's College; received crown living of Toppesfield, 1877; published historical works, including Student's Hume.
  426. ^ Samuel Brewer (d. 1743?), botanist; engaged in woollen manufacture at Trowbridge, Wiltshire; having met with misfortune became head-gardener to Duke of Beaufort at Badminton. He rendered valuable assistance to Dillenius in his botanical work.
  427. ^ Thomas Brewer (fl.–1624), author of tracts in verse and prose, including The Life and Death of the Merry Deuill of Edmonton (prose), 1631, A Knot of Fooles (satirical verses), 1624; and poems descriptive of the plague.
  428. ^ Thomas Brewer (b. 1611), musician; educated at Christ's Hospital; a celebrated performer on viol; published musical compositions.
  429. ^ William Brewer, Briwere, or Bruer (d. 1226), baron and judge: sheriff of Devon; justice itinerant, 1187; one of four justices left by Richard in charge of the kingdom, 1189; assisted Richard, then in captivity, at interview with Emperor Henry VI, and, later, with other envoys, arranged peace of Nantes, 1193; one of John's evil advisers; signed charter surrendering crown and kingdom of England to Innocent III, 1213; joined barons after their entry into London, 1215; signed Great Charter; leader in John's army on outbreak of baronial war; assisted Henry III against French, c. 1216; baron of exchequer, 1221.
  430. ^ Abraham Brewster (1796–1874), Irish lawyer ; M.A. Dublin, 1847; called to Irish bar, 1819; took silk, 1835; solicitor-general of Ireland, 1846; privy councillor in Ireland, 1853; attorney-general, 1853-5; lord justice of appeal in Ireland, 1866; lord-chancellor of Ireland, 1867.
  431. ^ Sir David Brewster (1781–1868), natural philosopher; educated at Edinburgh University; editor of Edinburgh Magazine (afterwards called successively, 'Edinburgh Philosophical Journal and Edinburgh Journal of Science, 1802; licensed preacher, 1804, but subsequently abandoned clerical profession; LL.D. St. Andrews, 1807; M.A. Cambridge; editor of Edinburgh Encyclopedia 1807-29; F.R.S., and Copley medallist, 1816; Rumford medallist, 1818, and subsequently Royal medallist for discoveries in relation to polarisation of light; invented kaleidoscope, 1816; M.I.C.E. London, 1820; first director of Royal Scottish Society of Arts, 1821: assisted in organising British Association for Advancement of Science, 1831; knighted, 1831; principal of united colleges of St. Salvator and St. Leonard in university of St. Andrews, 1838; aided Scottish Free church movement, 1844: vice-chancellor, Edinburgh University, 1860; president, Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1864. His works relate chiefly to optical investigations.
  432. ^ Sir Francis Brewster (fl. 1674–1702), writer on trade; lord mayor of Dublin, 1G74; published writings on trade and navigation.
  433. ^ John Brewster (1753–1842), author ; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1778: rector of RedmanhaQ, isi5, BoMon, INU'J, iiiid K'k-solitTc, 1HU; published History of Stockton-on-Tees and religious works.
  434. ^ Patrick Brewster (1788–1859), Scottish divine ; brother of Sir David Brewster; held second cliarge of Abbey Church, Paisley, 1818-69; published sermons.
  435. ^ Thomas Brewster (b. 1705), translator ; M.D. St. John's College, Oxford, 1738; fellow; published verse translations from IVrsius, 1733-84.
  436. ^ William Brewster (1560?–1644), a founder of Plymouth, New England; educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge; entered, c. 1584, service of William Davison, whom lu- accompanied on embassy to Low Countries, i:,*.. 7; keeper of post office at Scrooby, 1594-1607; J r.il himself in separatist movement, and after -iirtVring considerable persecution went to Amsterdam,; 1 1,1 is; set up printing press at Leyden: sailed for Virginia in Mayflower, 1620, and founded New Plymouth, where he worked as teacher and preacher.
  437. ^ Brian (926–1014), king of Ireland ; known as Brian ( mac Kennedy (or Cennedigh); son of Oenneide; with his brother Mathgamhain, chief of the Dal Oais; defeated Danes at Sulcoit, Tipperary, c. 968; chief of Dal Cais, 976; defeated and slew Maelmuadh, king of Oashel, 978, and succeeded him; defeated Gillapatric, king of Ossory, and was acknowledged king of Leinster, 984: allied with Maelsechlainn mac Domhimill, chief king of Ireland, and defeated Danes at Glentnama, Wicklow, 1000; defeated Maelsechlainn and became chief king of Ireland, 1001; received submission of Connaughtmen; made charter j acknowledging ecclesiastical supremacy of Armagh, 1004; j made circuit of Ireland, icceiviug hostages of all territories j through which he passed, joined Maelsechlainn and besieged Danes near Dublin, without success, 1013; defeated ! Danes at Oluantarbh; after the battle was murdered by a Dane in his tent, 1014.
  438. ^ Alexander Briant (1553–1581), Jesuit ; educated at Hart Hall, Oxford, and at Douay and Rheims; ordained priest, 1578; joined English mission, 1579; imprisoned in Compter, tortured, and executed for high treason at Tyburn, having been admitted while in prison to the Society of Jesus.
  439. ^ Andrew Brice (1690–1773), printer; apprenticed in Exeter; carried on a printing business in spite of financial difficulties for many years after 1714; issued a I weekly newspaper, c. 1715-73. His works include a Grand j Gazetteer, or Topographic Dictionary 1769.
  440. ^ Edward Brice or Bryce (1569?–1636), first presbyterian minister in Ireland; entered Edinburgh University, c. 1589; minister of Bothkenner, 1596, and Drymen, 1602; deposed on charge of adultery; received cure of Templecorran, co. Antrim, c. 1614; prebendary of Kilroot, 1619; silenced for non-subscription to the canons, 1636.
  441. ^ Thomas Brice (d. 1570), martyrologist; ordained deacon and priest, 1560; published A Compendious Register in Metres (1559), containing names of martyrs in England, 4 Feb. 1656 to 17 Nov. 1568.
  442. ^ Bricie, Bricius, or Brixius (d. 1222), bishop; second prior of Lesmahagow; bishop of Moray, 1203; founded college of canons at Spynie.
  443. ^ Bricmore, Brichemore or Brygemoore (14th cent.), surnamed Sophista; scholastic; said to have studied at Oxford, to have been canon of Holy Rood, Edinburgh, and to have written commentaries on Aristotle; perhaps identical with Brichemon.
  444. ^ Saint Bride (463–523). See Bright.
  445. ^ Frederick Lee Bridell (1831–1863), landscape painter; apprenticed to a picture dealer, who arranged for his education abroad; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1861. The Temple of Venus 1858, and Sunset on the Atlantic 1857, are among his best-known works.
  446. ^ Ralph Brideoake (1613–1678), bishop of Chichester; M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1686; master of Manchester free grammar school, 1638, and feoffee, 1663; lost mastership on outbreak of civil war; preacher of the rolls; vicar of Witney, Oxfordshire, 1654-63; commissioner for approbation and admission of presbyterian ministers, 1659; chaplain to Charles II, canon of Windsor, and D.D., 1660; dean of Salisbury, 1667; bishop of Chichester, 1676.
  447. ^ Bridferth (fl. 1000). See Byrhtferth.
  448. ^ Bewick Bridge (1767–1883), mathematician and senior wrangler; B.A. St. Peter's College, Cambridge, 1790; M.A., 1793; B.D., 1811; fellow; professor of mathematics at East India Company's College, Haileybury; vicar of Cherryhinton, 1816-83; F.R.S.; published mathematical works.
  449. ^ Sir John Bridge (1824–1900), police magistrate; M.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1849; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1860; practised on home circuit; police magistrate in London; chief metropolitan magistrate, 1890; knighted, 1890.
  450. ^ Richard Bridge or Bridges (fl. 1760), organ-builder; constructed organ for Christ Church, Spitalfields. and other churches.
  451. ^ William Bridge (1600?–1670), puritan divine; M.A. Emmanuel CoUege, Cambridge, 1626: fellow; lecturer at Colchester, 1631; rector of St. Peter's Hungate, Norwich, 1636; excommunicated; high pastor at Rotterdam; frequently preached before Long parliament; ejected from living at Great Yarmouth, 1662; one of the writers of the Apologetical Narration 1643.
  452. ^ Henry Bridgeman (1615–1682), bishop of Sodor and Man; son of John Bridgemau; B.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1632; fellow of Brasenose College, 1633-9; M. A., 1635; rector of Barrow, Cheshire, 1639 (sequestered, 1643), and of Bangor-is-coed, Flintshire, 1640 (sequestered, 1646); regained rectories on Restoration; dean of Chester, D.D., and prebendary of York, 1660; bishop of Sodor and Man, 1671.
  453. ^ John Bridgeman (1577–1652), bishop of Chester; B.D. Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1596; foundation fellow of Magdalene College, 1599; M.A., and incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1600; D.D., 1612; canon residentiary of Exeter; prebendary of Peterborough; chaplain to James I; bishop of Chester, 1619; opposed nonconformity; lived in retirement after temporary overthrow of episcopacy.
  454. ^ Sir Orlando Bridgeman (1606?–1674), lord keeper; son of John Bridgeman; B.A. Queens College, Cambridge, and fellow of Magdalene CoUege, 1624; caUed to bar at Inner Temple, 1632; bencher, c. 1660: chief-justice of Chester, 1638; attorney of court of wards, and solicitor-general to Prince of Wales, 1640; M.P. for Wigan in Long parliament and knighted, 1640; sat in Oxford parliament, 1644; serjeant-at-arms, chiefbaron of exchequer, and baronet, 1660; presided at trial of regicides; lord chief-justice of common pleas, 1660-8; lord keeper of great seal. 1667-72.
  455. ^ Charles Bridges (1794–1869), evangelical divine; M.A. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1831; vicar of Weymouth, 1849; published religious writings,
  456. ^ John Bridges (d. 1618), bishop of Oxford, 1604; M.A. Pembroke HaU, Cambridge, 1660; fellow, 1556: D.D. Canterbury, 1575; dean of Salisbury, 1577; took part in Hampton Court conference, 1608; published religions works, of which the most important, being the immediate cause of the Martin Marprelate tracts, is A Defence of the Government established in the Church of Englande for Ecclesiasticall Matters 1587, replying to Cartwright's Discourse on Ecclesiastical Government (1574), and Theodore Beza's Judgment.
  457. ^ John Bridges (1666–1724), topographer; bencher of Lincoln's Inn: solicitor to customs, 1695; governor of Bridewell and Bethlehem hospitals; F.S.A., 1718. Left manuscript collections for history of Northamptonshire (published 1762-91).
  458. ^ Noah Bridges (fl. 1661), stenographer and mathematician; educated at Balliol College, Oxford; B.C.L., 1646; clerk of parliaments at Oxford. 1643 and 1644: kept a school at Putney: published works on arithmetic, stenography, and cryptography.
  459. ^ Thomas Bridges (fl. 1759–1775), dramatist and parodist: published coinic operas (produced ut Haymarket, 1771 and 1775) aud parodies of Homer and other poets.
  460. ^ Saint Bridget (453–523).
  461. ^ George Augustus Polgreen Bridgetower (1779–1840?), violinist; studied under Barthélemon: first appeared at Drury Lane at an oratorio concert, 1790; became member of the Prince of Wales's private band at Brighton; at Vienna met Beethoven, who composed for him his Kreiiter Sonata: Mus.Bac. Cambridge, 1811.
  462. ^ Thomas Edward Bridgett (1829–1899), Roman catholic priest; pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1847: entered Roman catholic church, 1850: joined Redemptorist order; priest, 1856; founded Confraternity of Holy Family, Limerick, 1868; wrote mainly on history of Reformation.
  463. ^ John Bridgewater (1532?–1596?), latinised form Aquepontanus, catholic divine; M.A. Hart Hall, Oxford, 1556; rector of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1563-74; canon residentiary of Wells; domestic chaplain to Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester; master of Hospital of St. Katharine, near Bedminster, 1570; prebendary of Wells, 1572; visited English college at Douay, 1574; published theological and historical works in Latin.
  464. ^ Charles Bridgman or Bridgeman (d. 1738), gardener to George I and George II; king's gardener before 1729; laid out Serpentine and gardens between it and Kensington Palace, 1730-3; probably designed royal gardens at Richmond. He did much towards abolishing formal methods of landscape gardening.
  465. ^ Richard Whalley Bridgman (1761?–1820), legal writer; attorney and one of clerks to GrocersCompany; published legal works.
  466. ^ John of Bridlington , Saint (d. 1379). See John.
  467. ^ Giles of Bridport or Bridlesford (d. 1262), bishop of Salisbury; dean of Wells, 1253; went on embassy from Henry III to Alexander IV, 1256; bishop of Salisbury, 1257; nominated by Henry III one of arbitrators between king and barons, 1261; founded College of Vanx, Salisbury, 1260.
  468. ^ John Briercliffe or Brearcliffe (1609?-1682), antiquary; made collections for history of Halifax.
  469. ^ Benjamin Brierley (1825–1896), Lancashire dialect writer; son of a hand-loom weaver: worked as hand-loom weaver and, later, as silk-warper; became (1863) sub-editor of Oldham Times; assisted in founding Manchester Literary Club, 1864; edited Ben Brierley's Journal 1869-91. He published works written largely in dialect of South Lancashire. A collected edition appeared, 1882-6.
  470. ^ Roger Brierley (1588–1637). See Brereley.
  471. ^ Sir Oswald Walters Brierly (1817–1894), marine painter; studied at academy of Henry Sass at Bloomsbury; first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1839; settled in Auckland, 1841-51: F.R.G.S., 1853: accompanied Hon. Henry Keppel during operations in Baltic, 1854, and in Black Sea and Sea of Azov, 1855, publishing drawings of incidents in war; with Duke of Edinburgh in voyage round world, 1867-8, and with Prince and Princess of Wales in tour to Nile and Crimea, 1868; associate, 1872, and member, 1880, of Royal Water-colour Society, to whose exhibitions he contributed scenes from naval history; marine painter to Queen Victoria, 1874; knighted, 1885.
  472. ^ Henry Briggs (1561–1630), mathematician M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1585; fellow, 1588 first professor of geometry, Gresham College, Londor 1596-1620; Savilian professor of astronomy, fellow-cone inoner of Merton College, and incorporated M.A.. Oxford, 1619; published and left in manuscript works on mathe1 matics and navigation.
  473. ^ Henry Perronet Briggs (1791?–1844), subject and portrait painter; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1814; R.A., 1832.
  474. ^ John Briggs (1788–1861), catholic divine; educated at St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw; received tonsure and four minor orders, 1804; professor at St. Cuthbert's, and, in 1832, president: bishop of Trachis in Thessalia, 1833; vicar-apostolic of northern district, 1836; bishop of Beverley, 1850-60.
  475. ^ John Briggs (1785–1875), Indian officer; served in Mahratta wars, and became resident at Sattara; senior commissioner for government of Mysore, l:;i; resident of Nagpur, 1832; left India, 1835; major-general, 1838; member of court of proprietors of East India Company; F.R.S.; translated Persian works into English.
  476. ^ John Joseph Briggs (1819–1876), naturalist and topographer; contributed writings on natural history and archaeology to the Field and other newspapers; fellow, Royal Society of Literature; member of British Archaeological Association. His works include a His, tory of Melbourne, Derbyshire
  477. ^ Sir John Thomas Briggs (1781–1865), accountant-general of the navy; secretary to commission on civil affairs of navy, 1806-9; commissioner and accountant-general of victualling board; accouutant, general of navy, 1832; knighted, 1851.
  478. ^ William Briggs (1642–1704), physician and oculist; fellow, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1668; M.A., 1670; studied under Vieussens at Montpellier; M.D. Cambridge, 1677; F.O.P., 1682; censor, 1685, 1686, and 1692; physician in ordinary to William III from 1696; i published Theory of Vision 1682-3.
  479. ^ Nicholas Brigham (d. 1558), antiquary; appointed by Mary general receiver of subsidies, fifteenths, and benevolences, 1558; wrote epitaph on Chaucer, for whose bones he built tomb in Westminster Abbey, 1555.
  480. ^ Sir Charles Tilston Bright (1832–1888), telegraph engineer; educated at Merchant Taylors school; entered employ of Electric Telegraph Company, 1847; consulting engineer of Magnetic Company, 1860-70; patented the acoustic telegraph known as Bright's Bells 1855: engineer to Atlantic Cable Company, 1856; on board the Niagara, which, with the Agamemnon, under Professor W. Thomson (Lord Kelvin), laid the first cable from Valentia to Newfoundland, 1858; knighted, 1858; engaged in cable-laying work in Mediterranean, Persian Gulf, and West Indian Islands; liberal M.P. for Greenwich, 1865; M.I.C.E., 1862; president of Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1886-7.
  481. ^ Henry Bright (1814–1873), water-colour painter; dispense at Norwich Hospital; studied art and exhibited at Royal Academy, 1845-50: member of Institute of Painters in Water-colours.
  482. ^ Henry Arthur Bright (1830–1884), merchant and author; educated at Rugby; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1867; M.A., 1860: partner in shipping firm of Gibbs, Bright & Co.; on commission of peace for London, 1865, and for Middlesex, 1870; member of Roxburghe Club and Philobiblon Society, for each of which he edited a publication.
  483. ^ Jacob Bright (1821–1899), radical politician, brother of John Bright (1811-1889): M.P. for Manchester, 1867-74 and 1876-85, and southern division, Manchester, 1886-95; privy councillor, 1895.
  484. ^ Sir John Bright (1619–1688), parliamentarian; raised companies for parliament; captain, 1643; governor of Sheffield, 1644; served under Cromwell in Scotland; high sheriff of Yorkshire, and governor of Hull and York, 1654 and 1655; probably joined royalist party before I Restoration; created baronet, 1660.
  485. ^ John Bright (1783–1870), physician : M.D. Wadl.ain College, Oxford, 1808; physician to General Hospitiil, Birmingham, 1810; F.C.P., ISO'J; I larveian orator, l.sau; lord chttticeUor's adviser in lunacy, 1836.
  486. ^ John Bright (1811–1889), orator and statesman ; son of ii R(H-l.lale miller; worked in his father's mill; made tirst public speech, 1830, in defence of temperance mowni'iit; gained reputation as orator by his opposition of principle of church rates, 1834-41; advocated abolition of capital punishment; formed friendship with Colxlen,. 1835; treasurer of Rochdale branch of AntiCornhiw League, 1840; began agitation in London against corn laws, lsi2,sind subsequently carried on campaignin midlands and Scotland; M.P.for Durham, 1843; ,,t,p.nl Maynooth grant, 1845; spoke against Lonl Ashl,.vt.-n hours factories bill, 1846; M.P.for Manchester, 1847 and 1H52; Introduced bill for repeal of game laws, 1848; advocated facilitation of sale of encumbered estates in Inland, provision of occupation for peasantry by increasal partition of landed property, and disestablishment; chairman, 1848, of select committee (for which he had moved, 1847) to inquire into obstacles to cultivation of cotton in India; subsequently assisted in raising funds for private commission of inquiry in India; joined Cobden in forming The CommonsLeague for financial and parliamentary reform, 1849; opposed Russell's resolution excluding Sir David Salomons from House of Commons as a Jew, 1851; recommended that government of India should be made a department of the British government, 1853; opposed war with Russia, 1853-4; opposed Russell's Oxford University reform bill, and grant to dissenting ministers in Ireland, 1854; defeated in election at Manchester and elected for Birmingham, 1857, 1858, 1865, 1868, 1873, 1874, 1880-5; advocated decentralisation in India, 1858 and 1879; opposed government reform bill, in speech in which he insisted on need for redistribution, 1859; negotiated preliminary treaty of commerce with France, 1860; member of committee to inquire into precedents for power of Lords to deal with tax bills, 1860; supported northern cause in American war, 1861; member of Jamaica committee for trial of Governor Eyre for execution of Gordon, 1865; supported, 1866, Gladstone's government reform bill, which was defeated; advocated Irish disestablishment, 1868; president of board of trade in Gladstone's first ministry, 18681870; member of cabinet and of privy council, 1868; temporarily withdrew from politics owing to ill-health, 1870-2; chancellor of duchy of Lancaster, 1873; opposed Beaconsfield's Turkish policy, 1876, and advocated neutrality; chancellor of duchy of Lancaster with seat in cabinet in Gladstone's ministry, 1880; supported Bradlaugh's request for permission to affirm, 1880; lord rector of Glasgow University, 1880; approved of re-establishment of autonomy of Transvaal, 1881; resigned chancellorship of the duchy of Lancaster on British intervention in Egyptian affairs, 1882; M.P. for central division of Birmingham, 1885; made in 1887 last public speech (an attack on Gladstone's home rule bill of 1886); honorary D.C.L. Oxford, 1886. Bright and Cobden were the two leading representatives of the emergence of the manufacturing class as a force in English politics after the Reform Act of 1832. Volumes of his speeches and addresses were published, 1868 and 1879. Bright's portrait, by Mr. W. W. Ouless, R.A., is in the National Portrait Gallery.
  487. ^ Mynors Bright (1818–1883), decipherer of Pepys; son of John Bright (1783-1870): M.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1843; fellow and president of the college; afterwards proctor, 1853; deciphered and published Pepys's Diary 1876-9.
  488. ^ Richard Bright (1789–1858), physician; studied at Edinburgh and Guy's Hospital, London; M.D. Edinburgh, 1812; studied at Peterhouse, Cambridge; travelled on continent, 1818-20; physician, Guy's Hospital, 1824-43; consulting physician, 1843; assisted Addison in Elements of Practice of Medicine (1839); published first volume of Reports of Medical Cases 1827, containing his discovery of Bright's Disease and second volume, 1831; contributed to Guy's Hospital Reports first published, 1836; F.C.P., 1832, Gulstonian lecturer, 1833, censor, 1836 and 1839, Lumleian lecturer, 1837, and member of council, 1838 and 1843; F.R.S., 1821; physician extraordinary to Queen Victoria, 1837; published accounts of travels, medical treatises, and other writings,
  489. ^ Timothy Bright (1551?–1615), inventor of modern shorthand; M.D. Trinity Colhre, Cambridge, 157'J; studied medicine in Pans; physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1586-9U; abandoned im-diea! protV-Mon; rector of Methley, 1591, and of Berwk-k-iu-Elmet, Yorkshire, 1594; published A Treatise of Melancholie, 1586, said to have suggested to Burton his Anatomy of Melancholy, and Characterie 1588, a work on the lost art of shorthand, which Bright re-invented.
  490. ^ Thomas Brightman (1562–1607), puritan divine; M.A. and fellow, Queens' College, Cambridge, 1584; B.D., 1591; rector of Hawnes, Bedfordshire, 1592: wrote biblical commentaries (including a treatise on the Apocalypse, which he believed himself to have written under divine inspiration), published posthumously.
  491. ^ Cecilia Lucy Brightwell (1811–1875), etcher and author; drew and lithographed figures for her father Thomas Brightwell's work onFauna of East Norfolk 1848; produced some original etchings and others after old and modern artists; published works for the young, mainly biographical.
  492. ^ Saint Brigit , of Kildare (453–523), Irish saint; born at Faugher, near Dundalk; daughter of Dubhthach (grandson of Tuathal Teachtmhar, monarch of Erinii), by his bondmaid and concubine Brotsech; lived, when grown up, with her father, who, disliking her generous bestowal of his property on the poor, gave her her freedom; took the veil and was probably invested with rank corresponding with that of bishop; founded the church of Kildare. Her day is 1 Feb.
  493. ^ Thomas Brigstocke (1809–1881), portrait painter; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1843-65.
  494. ^ Brihtnoth (f. 991), earldorman of East-Saxons; died of wounds received in battle against Norwegian fleet near Maldon.
  495. ^ Brihtric (d. 802). See Beorhtric.
  496. ^ Brihtwald (650?–731), archbishop of Canterbury; abbot of Reculver, c. 670: elected archbishop of Canterbury, 692, and consecrated by archbishop of Lyons, 693; presided at council of Estrefeld (near Ripon?), in which Wilfrith, archbishop of York, was excommunicated, 702; an energetic and tactful ecclesiastic.
  497. ^ Brihtwold (d. 1045), monk of Glastonbury; eighth bishop of Ramsbury, 1006-45.
  498. ^ George Brimley (1819–1857), essayist; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge; college librarian, 1845; contributed to Spectator and Fraser's Magazine essays, of which a selection was published, 1868.
  499. ^ Sir James Brind (1808–1888), general; educated at East India Company's College, Addiscombe; second lieutenant, Bengal artillery, 1827; captain, 1845; major, 1856; colonel, 1861; major-general, 1867; general, and colonel-commandant, royal artillery, 1877; distinguished himself at siege of Delhi, 1867; O.B., 1868; commanded Sirhind division, Bengal army, 1873-8; G.C.B., 1884.
  500. ^ Richard Brind (d. 1718), chorister and, 1707-18, organist of St. Paul's Cathedral.
  501. ^ James Brindley (1716–1772), engineer; began business, 1742, as repairer of old machinery at Leek, and introduced many important improvements in machinery; designed canal from Worsley coal mines to Manchester, 1759, and subsequently constructed over 366 miles of canals, including Bridgewater (Manchester and Liverpool) and Grand Trunk (Trent and Mersey).
  502. ^ John Brine (1703–1765), baptist minister; born of poor parents; joined baptists when young; pastor of congregation at CurriersHall, Oripplegate, London, 1730; published religious works.
  503. ^ Henry Brinkelow (d. 1546), satirist; left order of St. Francis and became citizen and mercer of London; adopted opinions of reforming party and, under pseudonym of Roderigo Mors, published satires on social and religious subjects; perhaps banished from England.
  504. ^ John Brinkley (1763–1835), bishop and astronomer; senior wrangler, and first Smith's prizeman, Caius College, Cambridge, 1788; M.A., 1791; D.D., 1806; Andrews professor of astronomy, Dublin University, and first astronomer royal for Ireland, 1792; F.R.S., 1803: claimed to have discovered an annual (double) parallax for a Lyrte of 2" 52, 1810, and, though he was mistaken, Greenwich observations failed to disprove his statements; Copley medallist, 1824; president, Royal Irish Academy, 1822-35; president Royal Astronomical Society, 1831-3; prebendary of Kilircyhliii and rector of Derrybrush, 1806; bishop of Cloyne, 1826; published Elements of Astronomy (1808).
  505. ^ Thomas Brinknell or Brynknell (d.1539?), divine; D.D. University College, Oxford, 1508; prebendary of Lincoln, and master of St. John's Hospital, Banbury, 1511; professor of divinity, Oxford, 1521.
  506. ^ John Brinsley, the elder (fl. 1663), puritan divine; M.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1588; took orders; master of school at Ashby-de-la-Zouch; ejected from mastership, c. 1620, for his religious opinions; published translations and educational works.
  507. ^ John Brinsley, the younger (1600–1665), puritan divine; son of John Brinsley (d. 1663); M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1623: appointed minister to corporation of Great Yarmouth, 1625, but dismissed by court of high commission, 1627; again town preacher of Yarmouth, 1644; ejected, 1660; published religious treatises.
  508. ^ Thomas Brinton or Brunton (d. 1389), bishop of Rochester; Benedictine monk at Norwich; doctor decretorum Oxford; penitentiary of holy see; bishop of Rochester, 1373: confessor to the king.
  509. ^ William Brinton (1823–1867), physician; studied at King's College, London; M.D. London, 1848; F.O.P., 1854; lecturer on forensic medicine, St. Thomas's Hospital, and subsequently physician and lecturer on physiology: published treatises relating chiefly to diseases of the stomach.
  510. ^ Nicholas Briot (1579–1646), medallist and coin engraver; engraver-general of coins of Prance, 1605-25; endeavoured, but without success, to introduce improved methods of coining in France; chief engraver to English mint, 1633; master of Scottish mint, 1635.
  511. ^ Sir Charles Brisbane (1769?–1829), rear-admiral; entered navy, 1779; lieutenant, 1790; in Mediterranean under Captain Nelson and Lord Hood, 1793-4; commander, 1794; promoted captain for his capture of Dutch ships in Saldana Bay, 1796; knighted for success against Dutch off Curacao, 1807; governor of St. Vincent, 1808-29; K.C.B., 1815; rear-admiral, 1819.
  512. ^ Sir James Brisbane (1774–1826), commodore; brother of Sir Charles Brisbane; lieutenant in navy, 1794; commander, 1797; commanded squadron blockading Corfu, 1808; engaged in reduction of Ionian Islands; in Channel, 1812, and Mediterranean, 1815: O.B., 1815; knighted, 1816; commander-in-chief in East Indies, 1825; died at Penang.
  513. ^ John Brisbane (d. 1776?), physician: M.D. Edinburgh, 1750; L.C.P., 1766: physician to Middlesex Hospital, 1768-73; published Anatomy of Painting 1769.
  514. ^ Sir Thomas Makdouqall Brisbane (1773-1860), soldier and astronomer: educated at Edinburgh University; ensign, 1789; major, 1795; with Sir Ralph Abercromby in West Indies, 1795-8; lieutenant-colonel, 1800; in Jamaica, 1800-3; devoted himself to astronomy at his observatory at Brisbane, Scotland; colonel and assistant adjutant-general, 1H10; brigadier-general under Wellington in Peninsula, 1812; major-general, 1813; in Canada, 1813; K.C.B., 1814; governor of New South Wales, 1821-5; encouraged emigration but lacked energy as governor; erected observatory at Paramatta, near Sydney, 1822; returned to England, 1825; colonel of 34th regiment, 1826; M.R.S. Edinburgh, 1811, and president, 1833-60; gold medallist, Royal Astronomical Society, 1828; built and equipped observatory, and, 1841, magnetic Observatory, Makerstoun, Scotland; Keith medallist, 1848; M.R.S., 1810; created baronet, 1836; Q.O.B., 1837; general, 1841.
  515. ^ Ralph de Bristol (d. 1232), bishop of Cashel ; first treasurer of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, 1219; bishop of Oashel, 1223.
  516. ^ Edmund Bristow (1787–1876), painter; exhibited at Royal Academy and other exhibitions, 18091838.
  517. ^ Henry William Bristow (1817–1889), geologist; educated at King's College, London; director of Geographical Survey for England and Wales, 1872-88; F.G.S., 1843; F.R.S., 1862; published geological works.
  518. ^ Richard Bristow (1538–1581), Roman catholic divine; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1562; fellow of Exeter, 1667; appointed by Dr. Allen first moderator of studies at Douay; priest, 1573; D.D. Douay, 1575; had care of the seminary on removal to Rheims, 1578; returned to England for his health, 1581; published theological works, and assisted Allen in revising Douay Bible
  519. ^ John Syer Bristowe (1827–1895), physician : educated at King's College school; studied at St. Thomas's Hospital; M.R.C.S. and L.S.A., 1849: M.D. London, 1852; physician, St. Thomas's Hospital, 1860; lecturer on medicine, 1876-92; F.R.C.P., 1858; Oroonian lecturer, 1872, and Lumleian lecturer, 1879; F.R.S., 1881; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1884; president of Medical Society of London, 1893; published Theory and Practice of Medicine 1876, and other medical writings.
  520. ^ Walter Brit, Brytte, or Brithus (fl. 1390), mathematician; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, nnd reputed author of a treatise on surgery and astronomical and mathematical works.
  521. ^ Brithwald (650?–731). See Brihtwald.
  522. ^ Brithwold (d. 1045). See Brihtwold.
  523. ^ Ranulph Brito or Le Breton (d. 1246), canon of St. Paul's; king's treasurer; displaced and fined on chnrge of misapplying revenues, 1232; canon of St. Paul's; imprisoned on false charge of treason, 1239, but released at instance of prelates.
  524. ^ William Briton or Breton (d. 1356), theologian; Franciscan or Cistercian; wrote Vocabularium Bibliae, a treatise explaining obscure biblical words.
  525. ^ Thomas Brittain (1806–1884), naturalist ; professional accountant; one of promoters of Manchester Microscopical Society, 1858; wrote on various subjects, including natural history.
  526. ^ John Britton (d. 1275). See Breton.
  527. ^ John Britton (1771–1857), antiquary and topographer; cellarman in Smithfield and subsequently attorney's clerk; published Adventures of Pizarro 1799, and received commission to prepare Beauties of Wiltshire 1801; first edited with E. W. Brayley, nnd subsequently contributed toBeauties of England and Wales 1801-14; publishedArchitectural Beauties of Great Britain 1805-14, with supplement, 1818-26, and other writings, including an Autobiography 1850.
  528. ^ Thomas Britton (1654?–1714), the 'musical small-coal man; vendor of small-coal in Clerkenwell; I established over his shop a musical club, where concerts of vocal and instrumental music were given every Thursday, 1678, the greatest performers of the day taking part. He also interested himself in chemistry and the occult sciences, of works relating to which he formed a large i collection. His portrait by Woolaston is in National Portrait Gallery.
  529. ^ William Briwer (d. 1226). See Brewer.
  530. ^ Brixius (d. 1222). See Bricie.
  531. ^ Thomas Biggin Broadbent (1793–1817), tutor; son of William Broadbent: graduated at Glasgow, 1813: classical tutor in Unitarian academy, Hackney, 1813-16.
  532. ^ William Broadbent (1755–1827), Unitarian divine; educated at Daventry academy, where he became tutor in classics, 1782, and in mathematics, natural philosophy, and logic, 1784; minister at Warrington, 17921822; joined Unitarians of Belsham school.
  533. ^ George Broadfoot ((1807-1845). major; ensign 34th mrimt-nt Madras native infuntry, IH'JO: commanded sappers in Sir Robert Sale's march from Kabul to Jellalabad, 1841: distin'mshnl himself in Pollock's Oabdl campaign: C.H. and commissioner of Moulmein, and later governor-general of Sikh frontier; died of wounds received at Ferozshah.
  534. ^ William Broadhead (1815–1879), instigator of trades-union outrages; worked as saw-grinder successively at Sheffield and Loxley Valley; became secretary of Saw Grinders Union, c. 1848, and instigated numerous outrages against employers and anti-union workmen; coming under suspicion (1866) made as witness an avowal of his practices in a government examination of the union's .-aiion; emigrated to America, 1869; subsequently L'ro'vr in Shi'flleld. He figures as Grotait in Charles Reade's novel, Put Yourself in his Place
  535. ^ John Broadwood (1732–1812), pianoforte manufacturer; entered partnership with Burkhardt Tschudi, a Swiss harpsichord maker, who retired in favour of Broadwood, 1769; his first patent for a new constructed pianoforte was dated 1783, and the firm rapidly acquired a European reputation.
  536. ^ Sir Bernard Brocas (1330?–1395), warrior; fought at Poitiers, and probably at Crecy and Najara; constable of Aquitaine; captain of Calais after Edward III's death; M.P. for Hampshire in ten parliaments, 1367-95; chamberlain to Richard II's queen, Anne of Bohemia.
  537. ^ Ysgythrawg Brochmael (fl. 584), king of Powis; probably lord of Uriconium and Severn Valley, and leader of Britons against West-Saxons at Fethan-leag; mentioned in Llywarch Hen's elegy.
  538. ^ Daniel de Lisle Brock (1762–1842), bailiff of Guernsey; jurat of royal court of Guernsey, 1798; several times represented Guernsey in London in respect of measures relating to the island; bailiff of Guernsey, 18211812.
  539. ^ Sir Isaac Brock (1769–1812), major-general; brother of Daniel de Lisle Brock; ensign in 8th (king's) regiment, 1785; raised men for an independent company, and was gazetted captain; served in West Indies, 1791-3: major, 1795; served in North Holland, 1799, and in Baltic operations, 1801, in Canada, 1802-5, and from 1806; commanded at Quebec, and (1810) in Upper Canada; major-general, 1811; received surrender of General Hull's forces at Detroit, and was made extra knight of Bath, 1812; killed in engagement with General Van Renn?elaer at Queenstown, where a monument to him now stands.
  540. ^ William Brock (1807–1875), dissenting divine; studied at Stepney College: advocated abolition of West Indian slavery, 1834; pastor of Bloomsbury Chapel, London, 1848-72; toured in United States, 1866; first president of London Association of Baptist Churches; president of Baptist Union of Great Britain and Ireland, 1869; published controversial works.
  541. ^ William John Brock (1817?–1863), divine; B.A.; incumbent of living of Hayfleld, 1853-63; published poems and sermons..
  542. ^ William Brockedon (1787–1854), painter, author, and inventor; student at Royal Academy, 1809; contributed regularly to exhibitions of Royal Academy and British Institution, 1812-37, several of his pictures (on biblical subjects) becoming famous; member of academies of Rome and Florence; made many journeys hi the Alps, and published Illustrations of Passes of the Alps (1827-9), and Journals of Excursions in the Alps (1833); published Italy, Classical, Historical, and Picturesque, 1842-4, with illustrations by himself and other artists; took out patents for inventions, including a substitute for corks, made with vulcanised india-rubber, and an artificial plumbago for lead-pencils; assisted in founding Royal Geographical Society, 1830, and was member of its first council; F.R.S., 1834.
  543. ^ John Trotter Brockett (1788–1842), antiquary; attorney at Newcastle; made collections of books, coins, and medals; originated Newcastle Typographical Society, and contributed to its series of private publications. His own publications include a Glossary of North Country Words in Use 1825.
  544. ^ Marianus Brockie (1687–1755), Benedictine monk; born in Edinburgh; joined Scottish Benedictines at Ratisbon, 1708; professor of philosophy and divinity at Scottish monastery, Erfurt; on catholic mission in Scotland, 1727-39; prior of St. James's, Ratisbon; wrote Monasticon Scoticon; D.D.
  545. ^ Richard Brocklesby (1636–1714), non-abjuring divine; M.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1660; rector of Folkingham, Lincolnshire; declined to abjure and retired to Stamford; published Explication of Gospel Theism 1706.
  546. ^ Richard Brocklesby (1722–1797), physician; educated with Burke at school at Ballitore, co. Kildare; studied at Edinburgh; M.D. Leyden, 1745; L.C.P., 1751; incorporated M.D. Cambridge, 1754; F.C.P., 1756: appointed physician to army, 1768, and served in Germany; enjoyed friendship of Burke and Johnson, attending the latter in his last illness; Harveian orator. College of Physicians, 1760; F.R.S.; published Economical and Medical Observations 1764, and other medical works, including an essay on therapeutic application of music.
  547. ^ Charles Brocky (1807–1855), portrait and subject painter; born at Temeswar, Hungary; studied in Vienna and Paris; settled hi London, c. 1838; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1839-54.
  548. ^ Alan Broderic, Lord Midleton (1660?–1728). See Brodrick.
  549. ^ Frances Freeling Broderip (1830–1878), author; nee Hood; married Rev. John Somerville Broderip, 1849; published works, mainly for the young, in some of which Thomas Hood the younger assisted.
  550. ^ John Broderip (d. 1771?), organist; organist of Wells Cathedral, 1741; sub-treasurer, 1769; published religious musical compositions.
  551. ^ Robert Broderip (d. 1808), organist and composer; composed a volume of musical instruction and several collections of psalms, glees, &c.
  552. ^ William Broderip (1683–1726), organist; subtreasurer of Wells Cathedral, 1706; received cathedral stall, 1708; organist, 1712-26; composed an anthem (in Tudway collection).
  553. ^ William John Broderip (1789–1859), lawyer and naturalist; B.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1812; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1817; magistrate at Thames police-court, 1822-46, and at Westminster, 1846-56; bencher of Gray's Inn, 1850; treasurer, 1851; F.L.S., 1824; F.R.S., 1828; a founder and original fellow of Zoological Society, 1826; published zoological writings.
  554. ^ Alexander Brodie (1617-1 680), Scottish lawyer ; educated at King's College, Aberdeen; M.P. for co. Elgin, 1643; representative to general assembly of Scottish church; lord of session and commissioner to meet Charles II at Hague, 1649; retired till 1658: superseded at Restoration.
  555. ^ Alexander Brodie (1830–1867), sculptor: brother of William Brodie (1815-1881); studied at Royal Scottish Academy; committed suicide,
  556. ^ Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, the elder (1783-1862), surgeon; studied anatomy in London under Abernethy and Wilson; entered St. George's Hospital, 1803, as pupil of Sir Everard Home, and was surgeon, 1822; F.R.S., 1810; Copley medallist, 1811, for papers on l Influence of Brain on Action of the Heart and Effects produced by certain Vegetable Poisons; published Diseases of the Joints 1818; professor of comparative anatomy and physiology, Royal College of Surgeons, 1816; attended George IV; sergeant-surgeon to William IV, 1832, and subsequently to Queen Victoria; created baronet, 1834; presidentof Royal Society, 1858-61, of Royal College of Surgeons, 1844; D.C.L. Oxford; contributed to scientific publication.
  557. ^ Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, the younger (1817-1880), chemist: son of Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie (1783-1862); educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford; B.A., 1838; professor of chemistry at Oxford, 1865; president of Chemical Society. 1H59 and 1860: F.R.S.; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1872. His most important discovery was that of graphitic acid.
  558. ^ David Brodie (1709?–1787), captain, Royal Navy : lieutenant in navy, 1736: captain. 1748; served at capture of Port Louis, in unsuccessful attempt on Santiago, and in battle off H avail mi. 1748; pensioned, 1753.
  559. ^ George Brodie (1786?–1867), historian ; educated at Edinburgh University: member of Faculty of Advocates, 1811; attacked Stuarts inHistory of British Empire from Accession of Charles I to Restoration; historiographer of Scotland, 1836.
  560. ^ Peter Bellinger Brodie (1778–1854), conveyancer; pupil of Charles Butler; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1815; member of real property commission, 182S, assisting largely in drawing up its reports: published 4 Treatise on a Tax on Successions to Real and Personal Property 1850.
  561. ^ William Brodie (d. 1788), burglar; cabinetmaker in Edinburgh, and one of ordinary deacon councillors of the city: assumed leadership of a gang of burglars, who (1788) broke into the excise office, Canougate; hanged, one of his confederates turning king's evidence.
  562. ^ William Brodie (1815–1881), sculptor; showed talent for modelling, and was enabled by friends to study at TrusteesSchool of Design, Edinburgh; member of Royal Scottish Academy, 1859, and secretary, 1876; executed portrait busts of contemporary celebrities.
  563. ^ Alan Brodrick, Viscount Midleton (1660?-1728), Irish statesman; attainted by Irish parliament of James II as a supporter of William of Orange; king's serjeant, 1691; solicitor-general for Ireland, 1695-1703: member for city of Cork in Irish parliament, 1692; speaker, 1703: attorney-general for Ireland, 17U7; chief-justice of queen's bench, 1710; dismissed for revolutionary principles, 1711; again member for city of Cork and speaker, 1713; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1714-25; made Baron Brodrick of Midleton, 1715, and Viscount Midleton, 1717.
  564. ^ Thomas Brodrick (d. 1769), vice-admiral ; entered navy, c. 1723; lieutenant, 1739; served at Porto Bello, 1739, and, as commander, at Cartagena, 1741; in Leeward Islands, 1744-8; rear-admiral in Mediterranean, 1756; vice-admiral (1759) at blockades of Toulon and Cadiz.
  565. ^ Sir John Brograve (d. 1613), lawyer ; autumn reader at Gray's Inn, 1576; treasurer, 1580 and 1684; attorney for duchy of Lancaster, 1580; counsel to Cambridge University, 1581; knighted by James I; left legal writings.
  566. ^ Arthur Broke or Brooke (d. 1563), translator; author of The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and lulieit 1562, a free translation from the French version of Bandello's Italian story, in the Histoires Tragiques (Paris, 1559) of Pierre Boaistuau de Launay and Belle-Forest. The volume is the source whence Shakespeare drew the plot of Romeo and Juliet
  567. ^ Sir Philip Bowes Vere Broke (1776–1841), rear-admiral; educated at Royal Naval Academy, Portsmouth dockyard; entered navy, 1792; served in Mediterranean; captain, 1801; commanded Shannon on coast of Spitzbergen, 1807, and at reduction of Madeira; engaged in cruising on outbreak of American war, 1812, bringing his crew to high state of proficiency; captured American frigate Chesapeake; received severe wound and returned to England, 1813; created baronet, 1813: K.C.B., 1815; rear-admiral, 1830.
  568. ^ Richard Broke or Brooke (d. 1529), chief baron of exchequer; double reader at Middle Temple, and serjeant-at-law, 1510; under sheriff and (1611-20) recorder of London, representing city in several parliaments; judge of common pleas and knight, 1520; chief baron of exchequer, 1526.
  569. ^ Sir Robert Broke or Brooke (d. 1558), speaker ; B.A. Oxford, 1621; autumn reader at Middle Temple, 1542; double reader, 1551; common serjeant and (1545) recorder of London, representing city in several parliaments; serjeant-at-law, 1552; speaker of House of Commons, 1654; chief-justice of common pleas, 1554; knighted, 1655; left legal works (includingAbridgementof year books down to his time) published posthumously.
  570. ^ Thomas Broke or Brook (ft. 1550), translator ; alderman, chief clerk of exchequer and customer of Calais; adopted reformed opinions and endured much persecution; imprisoned in the Fleet, 1539 and 1540-2; M.P., 1539; paymaster of Dover, 1549; published translations of religious works, including the preface to John Calvin's Geneva Book of Common Prayer.
  571. ^ Francis Brokesby or Brookesbuy (1637–1714), nonjuring divine; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; B.D., 1666; rector of Rowley, Yorkshire, 1670; deprived for refusing oath to William and Mary, 1690; chaplain to nonjurprs of St. John's College, Oxford, 1706; refused oath of abjuration on death of James II; published religious, antiquarian, and other works,
  572. ^ Adam de Brome (d. 1332), founder (1324) and first provost (1325) of Oriel College, Oxford; chancellor of Durham, 1316.
  573. ^ Alexander Brome (1620–1666), poet ; attorney ; royalist in civil war; published dramatic and poetical works, and edited plays by Richard Brome, and variorum translation of Horace, 1666.
  574. ^ James Brome (d. 1719), writer of travels; vicar of Newington, 1677; chaplain to Cinque ports; published books of English and continental travel.
  575. ^ Richard Brome (d. 1652?), dramatist : servant to Ben Jonson, whose friendship he afterwards enjoyed; wrote in conjunction with Jonson's eldest son, Benjamin, A Fault in Friendship a comedy, 1623; subsequently wrote plays for the Globe and Blackfriars (King's players), and the Cockpit in Drury Lane and Salisbury Court in Fleet Street (Queen's players), and other theatres; associated with Thomas Heywood in authorship of Late Lancashire Witches printed 1634. His works (twenty-four In number) include: A Jovial Crew acted 1641, printed 1652; The Northern Lass printed 1632; Queen and Concubine printed 1669, and Queen's Exchange printed 1657, hints for which were probably taken from Shakespeare's Winter's Tale Henry VIII King Lear and Macbeth Some of his plays may be described as comedies of actual life after the model of Jonson, others as romantic comedies. The two species, however, are not strictly kept asunder. Ten plays were published under the care of Alexander Brome (no relation)
  576. ^ Thomas Brome (d. 1380), Carmelite divine; D.D. Oxford; prior of Carmelite monastery in London; provincial in England, 1362-79; wrote religious works.
  577. ^ Edmund de Bromfield (d. 1393), bishop of Llandaff; monk of Benedictine monastery, Bury St. Edmunds; sent to Rome as public procurator for Benedictine order; appointed by pope, abbot of Bury St. Edmunds, and, on arrival in England, imprisoned ten years under statute of Provisors; bishop of Llandaff, 1389.
  578. ^ William Bromfield (1712–1792), surgeon; surgeon to Lock Hospital (the plan of which he formed with Martin Madau), to St. George's Hospital, and to George Ill's queen; published surgical works,
  579. ^ William Arnold Bromfield (1801–1861), botanist: M.B. Glasgow, 1823: travelled in many parts of the world, and died at Damascus; made collections for flora of Isle of Wight, published 1866.
  580. ^ Andrew Bromhall (fl. 1659), divine ; rector of Maiden Newton, Dorsetshire; one of triers for Dorsetshire, commissioned to eject immoral and inefficient ministers, 1663-4.
  581. ^ Henry Bromley, possible pseudonym; (fl. 1793). See Anthony Wilson.
  582. ^ James Bromley (1800–1838), mezzotint-engraver; son of William Bromley (1769-1842); exhibited at Suffolk Street Gallery, 1829-33.
  583. ^ John Bromley (d. 1717), translator; probably M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1688; curate of St. Giles's-in-the-Fields; joined Roman catholic church; corrector of press in king's printing house; probably translator of Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent 1687.
  584. ^ Sir Richard Madox Bromley (1813–1866), civil servant; entered admiralty department of civil service, 1829; secretary to commission for auditing public accounts, 184K; civil C.B., 1854; accountant-general of navy durumItusian war; K.C.B., 1858; commissioner of Greenwich Hospital, 1863.
  585. ^ Sir Thomas Bromley (d. 1555?), judge; reader at Inner Temple, 1532 and 1539; king's serjeant, 1540; justice of king's bench, 1544; on Edward VI's council of regency implicated in Northumberland's plot, but escaped punishment; chief-justice of common pleas, 1553-5.
  586. ^ Sir Thomas Bromley (1530–1587), lord chancellor; B.C.L. Oxford, 1560; autumn reader at Middle Temple, 1566; recorder of London, 1566-9; solicitor-general, 1569; treasurer of Inner Temple, 1574; lord chancellor, 1579; took his seat in House of Lords, 1582; presided over trial of Mary Queen of Scots, 1586.
  587. ^ Valentine Walter Bromley (1848–1877), painter; associate of Institute of Painters in Water Colours; contributed to Illustrated London News.
  588. ^ William Bromley (1664–1732), secretary of state; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1681; travelled on continent and published, 1692 and 1702, accounts of his tours; knight for Warwickshire, 1689; refused allegiance to William III; M.P. for Oxford University, 1702-32; D.C.L., 1702; speaker of House of Commons, 1710; secretary of state, 1713-4.
  589. ^ William Bromley (1699?–1737), politician; son of William Bromley (1664-1732); D.C.L. Oriel College, Oxford, 1732; M.P. for borough of Warwick, 1727, and for Oxford University, 1737.
  590. ^ William Bromley (1769–1842), line-engraver; associate engraver, 1819, of Royal Academy, where he exhibited between 1786 and 1842; engraved G. J. Corbould's drawings of Elgin marbles.
  591. ^ John Brompton (?. 1436). supposed chronicler ; abbot of Jorvaux, 1436; possibly author of chronicle from coming of St. Augustine to death of Richard I.
  592. ^ Richard Brompton (d. 1782), portrait-painter ; studied under Benjamin Wilson and Raphael Mengs; portrait- painter to Empress of Russia. William I'itt, tirst earl of Chatham, wit to him.
  593. ^ Richard Bromsgrove (d. 1435), successively monk, infirmarer, and, 1418, abbot of Benedictine abbey of Evesham.
  594. ^ John de Bromyarde (fl. 1390), Dominican friar ; studied at Oxford; lectured on theology at Cambridge; opposed Wycliffe's doctrines; wrote Summa Praedicantium (Nuremberg, 1485).
  595. ^ Anne Brontë (1820–1849), author; sister of Charlotte Bronte; governess, 1839, and after; wrote verse, and, under the pseudonym of Acton Bell, assisted her sisters in Poems by Onrrer, Ellis, and Acton Bell 1846; published Tenant of Wildfell Hall and Agnes Grey 1848.
  596. ^ Charlotte Brontë , afterwards Nicholls (1816l*5o), novelist: daughter of Patrick Brontë, sister of Emily Jane Brontë, and Anne Brontë; educated at a school for clergymen's daughters at Cowan's Bridge, and, 1*31-2, at Roehead, where she taught, 1835-8; governess, 1839 and 1841; went, in 1842, with Emily Brontë to study languages at a school at Brussels, where, during 1843, she was retained as teacher; much distressed by the vicious habits of her brother; wrote, her sisters co-operating, a volume of verse entitled Poems by Ourrer, Ellis, and Acton Bell 1846; her Professor refused by Messrs. Smith & Elder, while Emily's Wuthering Height* and Anne's Agnes Grey were accepted in 1847 by J. Cautley Newby, and published in 1848; her ane Eyre accepted with enthusiasm by Smith & Elder, 1847, achieved immediate success. Miss Brontë then produced Shirley 1849, and Villette 1853, both under the pseudonym of Curror Bell. The secret of authorship, which by 1849 had rx-coi intransparent, was in that year openly abandoned. She married, in 1854, her father's curate, the Rev. A. U. Nicholls. Her Professor appeared posthumously in 1857, and Emma a fragment, in the Cornhill Magazine 1860.
  597. ^ Emily Jane Brontë (1818–1848), author; sister of Charlotte Brontë; assisted her sisters in 'Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell 1846, using pseudonym of Ellis Bell; regarded by some as the ablest of the sisters; published Wutheriug Heights 1848.
  598. ^ Patrick Brontë (1777–1861). author and perpetual curate of Haworth, Yorkshire, from 1820 till death; born in co. Down of parents named Prunty; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1806; was father of Anne, Charlotte, Emily Jane Bronte, and four other children, all of whom he survived.
  599. ^ Patrick Branwell Brontë (1817–1848), brother of Charlotte Bronte; clerk on the Leeds and Manchester railroad; dismissed for culpable negligence, 1842; private tutor, 1843-5; took to opium and died of consumption.
  600. ^ Abraham Brook (fl. 1789), bookseller of Norwich; published work on physics, 1789.
  601. ^ Sir Basil Brook (1576-1 646?), royalist ; knighted, 1604; committed to Tower by House of Commons, 1644; imprisoned in King's Bench, 1645; translated from French Entertainments for Lent
  602. ^ Benjamin Brook (1776–1848), nonconformist divine; studied at Rotherham College; congregationalist minister at Tutbnry, Staffordshire, 1801-30; member of educational board of Springhill College, opened 1838; wrote on history of religious liberty.
  603. ^ Charles Brook (1814–1872), philanthropist; partner in banking and cotton-spinning firm of Jonas Brook Brothers, at Melton; spent large sums of money in promoting welfare of his workpeople.
  604. ^ David Brook (d. 1558), judge; reader at Inner Temple, 1534 and 1540; treasurer, 1540; serjeant-at-law, c. 1547; received coif, 1547; king's Serjeant, 1551; lord chief baron of exchequer, 1553.
  605. ^ Joseph Brookbank, Brooksbank, or Brookes (d. 1612), minister and schoolmaster; B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford; minister at West Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, c. 1548; minister and schoolmaster in Jerusalem Court, Fleet Street, 1554; published educational and religious works.
  606. ^ Sir Arthur Brooke (1772–1843), lieutenant-general; ensign, 44th regiment, 1792: in West Indies, 1795-8: in Egypt, 1801: lieutenant-colonel, 1804; commanded 44th in garrison at Malta, 1804-12; colonel, 1813; in Spain, 1813; C.B.; served in United States; governor of Yarmouth: colonel of 86th regiment and K.C.B., 1833; lieutenant-general, 1837.
  607. ^ Sir Arthur de Capell Brooke (1791–1858), baronet; M.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1816; entered army and (1846) became major; spent many years in foreign travel; originated and was president of Raleigh Club, which became merged in Royal Geographical Society; M.R.S.; published works of travel.
  608. ^ Charles Brooke (1777–1852), Jesuit from 1818; provincial, 1826-32; superior of Stonyhurst College; collected materials for history of English province.
  609. ^ Charles Brooke (1804–1879), surgeon and inventor; educated at Rugby and St. John's College, Cambridge; H.M., 1828; M.A., 1853; studied medicine at St. Bartholomew's Hospital; M.O.S., 1834; F.O.S., 1844; on surgical staff of Metropolitan Free Hospital aud Westminster Hospital; F.il.S., 1847; invented selfrecording meteorological instruments, and published religious and scientific works.
  610. ^ Charlotte Brooke (d. 1793), author; daughter of Henry Brooke (1703?-1783); published Reliques of Irish Poetry (consisting of Irish poems in original character with translations in English verse), 1789, and other works.
  611. ^ Christopher Brooke (d. 1628), poet ; studied law at Lincoln's Inn; bencher aud summer reader, 1614; became acquainted with Selden, Jonson, Drayton, and John Davies of Hereford. His works include The Ghost of Richard the Third 1614, and an eclogue appended to William Browne's Shepheard's Pipe 1614.
  612. ^ Lady Elizabeth Brooke (1601–1683), religious writer; nee Colepeper: married Sir Robert Brooke, 1620. Selections from her religious writings appeared posthumously,
  613. ^ Mrs Frances Brooke (1724–1789), author; nee Moore; conducted weekly periodical called The Old Maid 1755; married, c. 1756, Rev. John Brooke, D.D., rector of Ooluey, Norfolk, and chaplain to garrison of Quebec, whither the pair went soon after marriage; published Virginia a tragedy, 1756; produced several novels, and a tragedy The Siege of Sinope(played at Oovent Garden, 1781), and in 1783 Rosina a highly successful musical entertainment.
  614. ^ George Brooke (1568–1603), conspirator; M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1586; prebendary of York; disappointed of mastership of hospital of St. Cross, near Winchester, promised him by Elizabeth, in consequence of which he formed, 1603, with Sir Griffin Markham, scheme to obtain possession of James I's person, from which sprang the Bye plot; sent to Tower and subsequently executed at Winchester.
  615. ^ Gustavus Vaughan Brooke (1818–1866), actor; first appeared at Dublin, 1833; with Macready at Drury Lane, 1840; played Othello with success at Olympic, 1848, and having appeared as Richard III, Shylock, Virginias, Hamlet, and Brutus, successfully in United States and Australia, experienced misfortune as manager of Astor Place Opera House, New York, 1852, and, later, in Melbourne; drowned at sea.
  616. ^ Henry Brooke, eighth Baron Cobham (d. 1619), conspirator; brother of George Brooke; friend and political ally of Sir Robert Cecil, who married his sister Elizabeth; warden of Cinque ports, 1597; K.G., 1599; arrested (1603) for complicity in Main plot to place Arabella Stuart on throne; declared that he had been instigated to communicate with the ambassador of the Spanish archduke by Sir Walter Ralegh, who was accordingly also arrested; condemned to death, but confined in Tower till 1619.
  617. ^ Henry Brooke (1694–1757), divine; M.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1720; D.C.L., 1727; fellow; head-master of Manchester grammar school (where he was educated), 1727-49; fellow of collegiate church, 1728; held living of Tortworth, Gloucestershire, 1730-57; publishedEssay concerning Christian Peaceableness (1741) and other writings.
  618. ^ Henry Brooke (1703?–1783), author; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; studied at Temple, London: published, 1735, a poem called Universal Beauty said to have furnished foundation for Darwin's Botanic Garden; published tragedy entitled Gustavus Vasa which was prohibited by lord chamberlain, but was subsequently acted in Dublin, where other dramatic pieces by him were produced; settled in Dublin, c. 1740; contributed to Edward Moore's Fables for Female Sex published 1744; barrack-master at Dublin, c. 1745; employed by Irish Roman catholics to advocate publicly their claims for relaxation of penal laws,, and published Tryal of Cause of Roman Catholics 1761; published Juliet Grenville, a novel, 1774. An edition of his works was issued by his daughter, Charlotte Brooke, 1792.
  619. ^ Henry Brooke (1738–1806), painter; historical painter in London, 1761-7; subsequently met with pecuniary embarrassments.
  620. ^ Henry James Brooke (1771–1857), crystallographer; studied for bar, but subsequently engaged in various businesses; collected minerals; F.G.S., 1815 F.L.S., 1818; F.R.S., 1819; published Introduction to Crystallography 1823.
  621. ^ Humphrey Brooke (1617–1693), physician; M.D. St. John's College, Oxford, 1659; F.C.P., 1674; censor; published medical and other writings.
  622. ^ Sir James Brooke (1803–1868), raja of Sarawak ; born at Benares; educated at Norwich; ran away from school and was made cadet of infantry in Bengal, c. 1819; served in Burma war, wounded and invalided home; resigned East India Company's service, 1830; made voyage in private schooner to Borneo, 1838, and, proceeding to Sarawak, was received courteously by Muda Hassim, uncle of the Malay sultan of Brunei, the nominal ruler of the whole island; revisited Sarawak, 1840, took part in suppressing rebellion then in progress, and at invitation of Muda Hassim assumed government of the country, 1 841; substituted simple scheme of taxation fo unpopular system of forced trade; put down piracy among Malays, Dayaks, and other tribes in Borueau seas; charges of cruelty and illegal conduct brought against him, but found by a government commission of inquiry at Singapore impossible to establish; rsvisited England, 1847; hoii. D.C.L. Oxford; K.C.B.; British commissioner and consul-general of Borneo, and governor of Labuan; finally left Sarawak, 1863.
  623. ^ John Brooke (d. 1582), translator; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1554; translated religious works from the French.
  624. ^ John Charles Brooke (1748–1794), Somerset herald; Rouge Croix pursuivant, 1773; Somerset herald, 1777; F.S.A., 1775; killed in accident at Haymarket Theatre; left manuscript collections, chiefly relating to Yorkshire.
  625. ^ Ralph Brooke (1553–1626), herald; educated at Merchant Taylors School; Rouge Croix pursuivant in College of Arms, 1580; York herald, 1593; published, 1597, A Discoverie of certaine Errours in Camden's 'Britannia' (1594), which occasioned a bitter controversy with Camden and Vincent. Brooke's Catalogue of English kings, princes, and peers appeared in 1619.
  626. ^ Richard Brooke (1791–1861), antiquary-; solicitor at Liverpool; member of Society of Antiquaries and of council of Liverpool Literary and Philosophical Society; published antiquarian writings chiefly relating to English battlefields of the fifteenth century,
  627. ^ Robert Brooke (d. 1802?), governor of St. Helena; ensign on Bengal establishment of East India Company, 1764; substantive captain, 1767; served against Oossim All, Soojah Dowlah, and Hyder All (17681769); collector of Corah; served in Rohilla war; erected industrial village 6f Prosperous, co. Kildare, with object of developing cotton manufacture, the undertaking, however, failing commercially, 1787; governor of St. Helena, c. 1787.
  628. ^ Samuel Brooke (d. 1632), master of Trinity College, Cambridge; brother of Christopher Brooke; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1604; D.D., 1616: chaplain to Henry, prince of Wales, and subsequently to James I and Charles I; professor of divinity, Gresham College, 1612-29; rector of St. Margaret's, Lothbury, London, 1618; incorporated D.D. Oxford, 1621; master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1629; wrote Latin plays and religious treatises.
  629. ^ William Henry Brooke (d. 1860), satirical draughtsman; portrait-painter in London; contributed drawings to Satirist a monthly periodical, 1812-14; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1810-26.
  630. ^ Zachary Brooke (1716–1788), divine: fellow, St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1741: D.D., 1763; Margaret professor of divinity, Cambridge, 1765; chaplain to the king; published controversial writings,
  631. ^ Joshua (1754–1821), eccentric divine ; of humble origin; educated with friends' assistance at Brasenose College, Oxford; M.A., 1781: chaplain of I collegiate church, Manchester, 1790-1821; assistant at Manchester grammar school, where his eccentric manners and deliciency as teacher, though not as scholar, made him unpopular.
  632. ^ Joshua Brookes (1761–1833), anatomist; studied In inndon and I'ari-; successfully taught anatomy in London, and f ormeil large private museum; F.R.S.; published writings, mainly anatomical.
  633. ^ Richard Brookes (ft. 1760), physician ; published compilations and translations on medicine and.other subjects, including a General G azetteer 17G2.
  634. ^ William Henry Brookfield (1809–1874), divine: M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1836; curate of St Luke's, Berwick Street, 1841; inspector of schools, 1848; chaplain in ordinary to Queen Victoria,
  635. ^ Charles Brooking (1723–1759), marine painter ; originally ship painter at Deptford; became noted as painter of sea-pieces.
  636. ^ Charles William Shirley Brooks (1816 1S7M, editor ofPunch articled as solicitor; passed Incorporated Law Society's examination, 1838; parliamentary reporter toMorning Chronicle which journal m (1853), as special commissioner to inquire into object of labour and the poor in Russia, Syria, and Egypt: leader-writer on Illustrated London News; conducted Literary Gazette 1858-9; joined staff of Punch 1851, contributing under signatureEpicurus Rotundas editor, 1870; F.S.A., 1872; published several novels, dramatic pieces, and volumes of humorous verse,
  637. ^ Ferdinand Brooks (1584?–1642). See Hugh Green.
  638. ^ Gabriel Brooks (1704–1741), calligrapher ; contributed plates to Universal Penman (1741).
  639. ^ James Brooks (1512–1560), bishop of Gloucester ; fellow, Corpus Ohristi College, Oxford, 1532; B.A., 1532; D.D., 1546; master of Balliol College, 1547; chaplain and almoner to Bishop Gardiner; bishop of Gloucester, 1554; delegated by the pope to examine Cranmer, Ridley, and Latimer, 1555; commissioned by Cardinal Pole to visit Oxford University, 1558; refused oath of supremacy to Elizabeth, and died in prison.
  640. ^ John Brooks (. 1755), engraver; enameller of china in Dublin and London.
  641. ^ Thomas Brooks (1608–1680), puritan divine: educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; chaplain to Rainsborough, admiral of Parliamentary fleet; minister at St. Margaret's, Fish Street Hill, 1653: ejected, 1662; continued ministry in a building in Moorfields; published religious works.
  642. ^ Richard Brookshaw (ft. 1804), mezzotint-engraver: worked in England and subsequently in Paris, where his plates gained him a high reputation,
  643. ^ Herbert Broom (1815–1882), legal writer : graduated at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1837; LL.D., 1864; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1840; published legal works and two novels.
  644. ^ Sir Frederick Napier Broome (1842–1896), colonial governor; engaged in sheep-farming in New Zealand, 1857-69; contributor to Times; colonial secretary of Natal, 1875, and of Mauritius, 1877; lieutenantgovernor of Mauritius, 1880: governor of Western Australia, 1882-90, Barbados, 1890, and later of Trinidad.
  645. ^ William Broome (1689–1745), translator of Homer; educated at Eton and St. John's College, Cambridge; assisted Ozell and Oldisworth in prose translation of Iliad (published, 1712); employed by Pope in condensing Eustathius's notes on Homer; collaborated with Pope and Fenton in translation of Odyssey 1722-6; LL.D., 1728; rector of Oakley Magna and vicar of Eye, Suffolk; chaplain to Lord Cormvallis; published sermons and poems and contributed translations of the pseudoAnacreon to Gentleman's Magazine
  646. ^ Matthew Broomfield (ft. 1550), Welsh poet ; left works in manuscript.
  647. ^ Richard Brothers (1757–1824), enthusiast; born at Placentia, Newfoundland; studied at Woolwich; midshipman, c. 1771; served as master's mate at Ushaut; in West Indies, 1781: travelled in France, Spain, and Italy; came to London, 1787, and, e. 1792, gave himself out to be a descendant of David, declaring that he was to be revealedas prince of the Hebrews and ruler of the world, and that King George must deliver up his crown to him; arrested on charge of treasonable practices, 1 795, and confined as criminal lunatic, but subsequently removed to private asylum at Islington; released (1806), warrant for high treason being withdrawn; published 'A Revealed Knowledge of the Prophecies and Times, wrote under the direction of the Lord God 2 vols. 1794, and other works of similar tendency.
  648. ^ Edward Brotherton (1814–1866), Swedenborgian; engaged in silk trade at Manchester, and oh retiring interested himself in popular education, his letters to Manchester newspapers leading to formation of Education Aid Society; published writings on mormouism, spiritualism, and popular education,
  649. ^ Joseph Brotherton (1783–1857), parliamentary reformer: engaged in cotton manufacture at Manchester till 1819; joined Bible Christian Church, 1805, becoming pastor, 1818; M.P. for Salford, 1832-57; chairman of private bills committee, free-trader and reformer; contributed essays toLetters on Religious Subjects (e. 1819).
  650. ^ Thomas of Brotherton (1300–1338). See Thomas.
  651. ^ Sir Thomas William Brotherton (1785-1868), general; ensign, 1800; captain, 1801; in Egypt, 1801, Hanover, 1806, and Peninsula, 1808-14; major, 1812; C.B., 1814; lieutenant-colonel, 1817; colonel and aide-de-camp to king, 1830; general, 1860; G.C.B., 1861.
  652. ^ Robert Barnabas Brough (1828–1860), writer ; said to have practised as portrait-painter in Manchester; set on foot Liverpool Lion weekly satirical journal; wrote alone, or in conjunction with his brother, William Brough (1826-1870), series of burlesques, played with some success at London theatres.
  653. ^ William Brough (d. 1671), dean of Gloucester; B.D. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1627; D.D., 1636; chaplain to the king; canon of Windsor, 1638; ejected by parliamentary commissioners; dean of Gloucester, 1644; D.D. Oxford, 1645; published religious works.
  654. ^ William Brough (1826–1870), journalist and author; brother of Robert Barnabas Brough, with whom he was associated in dramatic pieces.
  655. ^ Henry Brougham (1665–1698), divine; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1689; prebendary of Lincoln, 1691; published, 1694, work proving spuriousness of Genuine Remains of Dr. Barlow, late bishop of Lincoln, published by Sir Peter Pett, 1692, Barlow having left his remains to Brougham and William Offley, on condition of their not making them public.
  656. ^ Henry Peter Brougham, Baron Brougham and Vaux (1778–1868), lord chancellor; educated at high school and university, Edinburgh: passed advocate, 1800; went on southern circuit; joined, 1802, founders of 'Edinburgh Review' contributing three articles to the first number; admitted member of Lincoln's Inn, 1803: supported himself in London mainly by writing for Edinburgh Review; secretary to Lords Rosslyn and St. Vincent on mission to Lisbon, 1806; secured good opinion of Wilberforce by his sympathy with anti-slavery movement; called to bar, 1808; M.P. for Camelford, 1810, for Winchelsea, 1815; advocated retrenchment and a sound commercial policy, drew attention to importance of popular education, and instituted inquiry into charity abuses, which he extended to Eton, Winchester, and the universities; was constantly consulted by the Princess of Wales, who, on becoming queen, appointed him her attorney-general; called within the bar, 1820; defended Queen Caroline during her trial, 1820; urged government to resist the dictation of the Holy Alliance in Europe, 1824; proposed vote of censure on government of Demerara, 1824; lord rector of Glasgow University, 1825; brought forward, 1828, scheme of law reform, which was occasion of vast improvement in system of common law procedure; M.P. for Knaresborough, and later for Yorkshire, 1830; received great seal, and was elevated to peerage as Baron Brougham and Vaux, 1830; effected considerable improvements in court of chancery, the abolition of court of delegates, the substitution for it of judicial committee of privy council, and institution of the central criminal court; brought in a bankruptcy bill which eventually became basis of n statute: published 'Observations on Education of the People 1H25; formed Society for Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, ls-J5; foundel London University, 1828: made celebrated speech on second reading of "Reform Bill, 1831; lost office on dismissal of Lord Melbourne's government, 1834; advocated immediate abolition of slavery, 1838; sat constantly in supreme court of appeal and in judicial committee of privv council; strenuously opposed repeal of navigation acts, 1849; president of Social Science Association, 1857 and 1860-6; chancellor of Edinburgh University, 1860; received second patent of peerage, with remainder to his brother William and his heirs mule, Istiu. in recognition of services in cause of education and suppression of slavery; hon. D.C.L. Oxford: F.R.S. His critical, historical, and miscellaneous writings were published under his own direction in a collected edition, 11 vols., 1865-61. His works include An Enquiry into the Colonial Policy of European Powers, 2 vols. 1803, Historical Sketches of Statesmen in time of George III 1839-43, Demosthenes upon the Crown, translated 1810, and Life and Times of Lord Brougham written by himself, published posthumously, 3 vols., 1871.
  657. ^ John Brougham (1814–1880), actor and dramatist: educated at Trinity College, Dublin; studied surgery at Peter Street Hospital; appeared at Tottenham Street Theatre, 1830, and at the Olympic, 1831; manager of Lyceum, 1840; went to New York and managed successively Park Theatre, Niblo's Garden, Brougham's Lyceum, and Bowery Theatre: in England, 1860-5; returned to America: acted at Winter Garden Theatre, 1865; manager of Brougham's, 1869; subsequently connected with several stock companies; died at New York; wrote many dramatic pieces.
  658. ^ William Brougham, second Baron Brougham and Vaux (1795–1886), brother of Henry Peter, first baron ; B.A. Jesus College, Cambridge, 1819; M.P. for Southwark, 1831-5; master in chancery, 1836-40.
  659. ^ Baron Broughton (1786–1869). See John Cam Hobhouse.
  660. ^ Arthur Broughton (d. 1803?), botanist : M.D. Edinburgh, 1779; settled in Jamaica, where he died; published medical and botanical works.
  661. ^ Hugh Broughton (1549–1612), divine and rabbinical scholar; B.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1570; successively fellow of St. John's and Christ's colleges; prebendary and reader in divinity at Durham: published A Concent of Scripture 1588, in which he attempted to settle the scripture chronology; in Germany, c.. 155)0-1 and 1592-1603; published at Middleburg An Epistle to the learned Nobilitie of England, touching translating the Bible from the Original 1597; published, 1599, Explication of article respecting Christ's descent into hell, maintaining that hades was place not of torment but of departed souls; in England, 1603; preacher to English congregation, Middleburg, 1604-11; satirised by Ben Jonson. His works, which include versions of the prophets, were collected by Dr. John Lightfoot and published, 1662.
  662. ^ John Broughton (1705–1789), pugilist; attached himself as public bruiser to George Taylor's booth in Tottenham Court Road; joined yeoman of guard; established theatre for boxing in Hanway Street, 1712; beaten by Slack, 1750.
  663. ^ Richard Brought on (d. 1634), Roman catholic historian; studied at Oxford and at English college, Rheims; priest, 1593: joined catholic mission in England; vicar-general to Dr. Smith, bishop of Calcedon. His works include The Ecclesiastical Historic of Great Brittaine (Douay, 1633).
  664. ^ Samuel Daniel Broughton (1787–1837), army surgeon; studied at St. George's Hospital; assistant-surgeon, 2nd life guards, 1812: served as additional surgeon, with temporary rank, in Peninsula, and South of France, and at Waterloo; surgeon, 1821; F.R.8.; F.G.&.; published letters relating to campaigning experiences.
  665. ^ Thomas Broughton (1704–1774), divine; educated at Eton and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge; M.A.; vicar of Bedminster, near Bristol, 1744; prebendary of Salisbury; published biographical and miscellaneous works, including Dictionary of Religions 1742, and a translation of Don Quixote with the name of Jurvis, who had been unable to bring the work to a successful issue, prefixed.
  666. ^ Thomas Broughton (1712–1777), divine; fellow, Exeter College, Oxford, 1734; B. A., 1737; joined methodists; curate at Tower of London, 1736; lecturer at St. Helen's, Bishopsgate Within, and (1741) at Allhallows, Lombard Street; secretary of Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1743-77; held living of Wotton, Surrey, 1752-77; published sermons.
  667. ^ Thomas Duer Broughton (1778–1835), writer on India; cadet on Bengal establishment, 1795; lieutenant on Madras establishment, 1797; colonel, 1829; published writings on India and selections from Hindoo poetry.
  668. ^ William Grant Broughton (1788–1853), divine; clerk in East India House, 1807-12; entered Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1814: M.A., 1823: D.D., 1836; chaplain to Tower of London, 1828, and, later, archdeacon of New South Wales; bishop of Australia, 1836; bishop of Sydney and metropolitan of Australasia, on subdivision of diocese of Australia, 1847; published writings relating to authorship of Eikon Basilike and other works.
  669. ^ William Robert Broughton (1762–1821), navy captain; employed on survey of Columbia river, c. 1790; on north-west coast of America, c. 1794: made survey of coast of Asia, 1794-8; captain, 1797; held command in Lord Gambler's expedition, 1809; at reduction of Mauritius, 1810; took charge of expedition to Java, 1811; O.B.; died at Florence; published accounts of his voyages and surveys.
  670. ^ John Allan Broun (1817–1879), magnetician and meteorologist; educated at) Edinburgh University; director of magnetic observatory at Makerstoun, 1842-9, the results of his observations forming vols. xvii-xix. of Transactions of Royal Society of Edinburgh (1845-1860); director of Trevandrum Magnetic Observatory, 1852; built observatory on Agustia Malley, the highest peak of Travancore Ghats; left India, 1865; lived successively at Lausanne and Stuttgart, and came to London, 1873; aided by grant from Royal Society, undertook to complete reduction of magnetic observations made at colonial stations; M.R.S., 1853. Published reports on Makerstoun and Trevandruin observatories. He discovered that the earth loses or gains magnetic intensity not locally, but as a whole, and that great magnetic disturbances proceed from particular solar meridians.
  671. ^ Sir Richard Broun (1801–1858), miscellaneous writer; succeeded to the baronetcy. Is 14; wrote pamphlets, articles, and letters regarding many schemes, of which The London Necropolis and National Mausoleum at Wokiug 1849, is the most notable.
  672. ^ Henry Brouncker , third Viscount Brouncker (d. 1688), courtier; brother of William Brouncker, second viscount Brouncker; M.D. Oxford, 1646; commissioner of trade and plantations, 1671.
  673. ^ William Brouncker or Brounker, WILLIAM, second Viscount Brouncker of Castle Lyons in Irish peerage (1620 ?-1684), first president of the Royal Society: M.D. Oxford, 1647; first to Introduce continued fractions and to give a series for quadrature of a portion of the equilateral hyperbola; original member of Royal Society, 1662, and first president. 1662-77; president of Gresham College, 1664-7; chancellor of Queen Catherine, 1662; commissioner for executing office of lord high admiral, 1664; master of St. Catherine's Hospital, 1681.
  674. ^ William Browell (1759–1831), navy captain; lieutenant, 1778; served at Toulon, 1794; captain, 1794: nag-captain under Lord Hugh Seymour at battle off 1 -orient, 1795; one of captains of Greenwich Hospital, 1805, and lieutenant-governor, 1809-31.
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