Wikipedia

Wall of death

For other uses, see Wall of death (disambiguation).

The wall of death, motordrome, velodrome[3] or well of death is a carnival sideshow featuring a silo- or barrel-shaped wooden cylinder, typically ranging from 20 to 36 feet (6.1 to 11.0 m) in diameter and made of wooden planks, inside which motorcyclists, or the drivers of miniature automobiles and tractors travel along the vertical wall and perform stunts, held in place by friction[4] and centrifugal force.

stuntman on a vehicle inside the well of death
A stuntman performing inside the wall of death. He is able to sustain his vehicle's grip on the wall by virtue of friction and centripetal force.
Saudi driver Saeed Aldouweghri in 2003.[1][2]

Overview

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Four-motocycle stunt at Motodrom, Oktoberfest 2017
 
Hazel Marion Eaton, who performed with Hager's Wall of Death in the 1920s

Derived directly from United States motorcycle board track (motordrome) racing in the early 1900s, the very first carnival motordrome appeared at Coney Island amusement park (New York) in 1911. The following year portable tracks began to appear on travelling carnivals. By 1915 the first "velodromes" with vertical walls appeared and were soon dubbed the "Wall of Death," the very first mention being Bridson Greene's unit in Buffalo, New York.[5] Although not a silo-drome, the large combination motordrome at the 1915 Panama Pacific International Exposition included a perfectly vertical section at the top that was used by both car and motorcycle riders.[6]

 
Wall of death in Saudi Arabia 2003

The motorcycles most widely used were the first generation Indian Scout models (pre-1928) with 37 cu. in. displacement. Royal American Shows out of Tampa, Florida was one of the largest travelling carnivals and used 1928 to 1931 Scouts. This carnival attraction became a staple in the United States outdoor entertainment industry with the phenomenon reaching its zenith in the 1930s, with more than 100 motordromes on traveling shows and in amusement parks.

The audience views from the top of the drum, looking down. The riders start at the bottom of the drum, in the centre, and ascend an initial ramped section until they gain enough speed to drive perpendicular to the floor, usually in a counter-clockwise direction (the physical explanation behind this act is found at banked turn and the turning car.) In the United States the American Motor Drome Company uses several vintages Indian Scout Motorcycles from the 1920s to give the audience a view of how these shows were done in their heyday. The American Motor Drome Company is the only wall of death to have two riders Inducted into the Sturgis Motorcycle Hall of Fame; Jay Lightnin' (2014) and Samantha Morgan (2006). In 2015 the Indian Motorcycle company chose the American Motor Drome Company to preview the new 2015 Indian Scout by putting it on their wall along with the 1926 and 1927 Indians that were regularly used in their show.[citation needed] The newest wall of death show in the United States is the 'Wild Wheels Thrill Arena' which will be performing[when?] in the Traditional Style of the Carnival Midway Shows.

This act also became popular in the United Kingdom, and often is seen at fairs. In the 2000s, there remain only a few touring walls of death. "The Demon Drome",[7] "Messhams Wall of Death" and the "Ken Fox Troupe".[8] These acts feature original American Indian motorcycles which have been in use since the 1920s. A similar act called the "Globe of Death" has the riders looping inside a wire mesh sphere rather than a drum. This form of motorcycle entertainment had a separate and distinct evolution from carnival motordromes and derived from bicycle acts or "cycle whirls" in the early 1900s.

On 28 March 2016, Guy Martin (successful Isle of Man TT Racer) set the world record for the wall of death. He reached a speed of 78.150 mph (125.770 km/h) during a live broadcast Guy Martin's Wall of Death on UK television Channel 4.The world record was set in a wall of death of 37 meters diameter, special-built for this attempt.

India

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In India, the "well of death" (in Hindi: मौत का कुआँ, romanized: maut kā kuām̥, Punjabi: ਮੌਤ ਦਾ ਖੂਹ, romanized: maut dā khūh, Malayalam: മരണ കിണർ, romanized: marana kiṇaṟ) can be seen in the various melas (fairs) held across the country.[9] Apart from motorcycles, the act may also feature other vehicles such as automobiles, as performed regularly in Adilabad in India since 2005.[10]

The show involves a temporary cylindrical structure about 25 feet high and 30 feet in diameter, or wider when cars are to be involved, built of hardwood planks. The audience stands upon the platform built around the circumference of the structure and gazes down into the well where the motorcyclists or cars drive.[11][12][13]

United Kingdom

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The first wall of death in the British Isles appeared in Southend during June 1929 at the Kursaal Amusement Park, one of the world's first amusement parks, and featured motorcycles on a 20  ft wooden wall. The first riders were husband and wife, Billy and Marjorie Ward who had previously been touring with the show in South Africa where they were seen by Malcolm Campbell. In the UK, Kursaal and George 'Tornado' Smith became synonymous with the sideshow. By the mid-1930s, there were 50 such shows touring the counties and stunts, with riders like Arthur Brannon and included riding sidecars with animals on board including a lioness; however, World War II put a temporary end to the shows. A few were restarted after the war and the Todd Family Wall of Death was featured at the Festival of Britain in 1951, with Frank Senior, George, Jack, Bob and Frank Junior riding. Women riders often performed with them including Gladys Soutter, who is thought to have been the first woman rider in England and, later, her sister Winniefred (Wyn) Soutter who went on to marry George Todd who was also a wall rider. Women continue to do so to this day.[14][15]

Germany

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Jagath Perera performing various acrobatic tricks at Pitt's Todeswand, Oktoberfest 2017

Walls of death began to appear at German funfairs in the late 1920s. They were mostly travelling enterprises that were passed on from owner to owner for several decades. It was not uncommon for a wall of death to change its name several times as it was passed on. For example, a wall of death that was commissioned in 1928 by Joseph Ruprecht in Munich under the name "Die Steile Wand" or "Todeswand" was operated later, in the 1950s, as "Die Auto-Steilwand" and, since 1984, as "Motodrom".

Today, there are two performing walls of death left that are still touring Germany: the original "Motodrom", operated since 2012 by Donald "Don Strauss" Ganslmeier,[16] and Pitt's Todeswand, opened in 1932 and now operated by Sri Lankan stunt driver Jagath Perera.[17] They are still regular guests at funfairs such as Oktoberfest in Munich, as well as at motorcycle-related events and fairs.

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A specially adapted 'Wall of Death' Indian motorcycle

Wall of Death performances have appeared in various films including Spare a Copper (1941), There Is Another Sun (1951; titled The Wall of Death in the US), The Wall of Death (1956), The Lickerish Quartet (1970), Eat the Peach (1986), My House in Umbria (2003) and Roustabout (1964) in which Elvis Presley rides the motorcycle.

A short-length Greek documentary film on the practice in Greece, "Ο γύρος του θανάτου" ("The Spin of Death"), released in 2004, made the rounds of various film festivals in the country.[18]

An earlier full-length feature Greek film of the same name, produced in 1983, features a protagonist who does the wall of death at the local carnival grounds; the film became a cult classic.[19]

The song "Wall of Death" by Richard and Linda Thompson can be found on their album Shoot Out the Lights and is sometimes sung by Richard Thompson in his live performances. The song lyrics are about the singer's desire to "ride on the Wall of Death one more time," saying not to waste time on the other (carnival) rides, because the wall of death "is the nearest to being alive."[20]

The title song of Mark Knopfler and Emmylou Harris's 2006 album All the Roadrunning uses the wall of death in a traveling carnival as a metaphor for the life of a musician out on tour.

A wall of death was also featured in the 2019 Indian film Bharat (2019)

A wall of death photo was one of National Geographic's most popular photos from 2009.[21]

The video for Yelawolf's 2015 song "Outer Space" has a live performance set in Wall of Death at the Sturgis Bike Rally.

In the 1989 Malayalam movie "Carnival," directed by P. G. Viswambharan, Wall of Death plays a pivotal role in the storyline. The movie showcases thrilling stunt performances within the ring. The protagonist's daring act serves as a crucial turning point in the movie and another character's performance which ended in a tragic way, leads to the climax events.

In the music video for his song 2024 "Big Dawgs", rapper Hanumankind performs inside a wall of death.

References

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  1. ^ "Al-Jazirah". www.al-jazirah.com. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  2. ^ "بئر الموت وعرض مدهش". جريدة الرياض (in Arabic). Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  3. ^ The Harley-Davidson Reader. Jean Davidson, Hunter S. Thompson, Sonny Barger. MotorBooks International, 15 August 2006
  4. ^ Mahanakorn's Physics Magic: The Wall Of Death Archived 2015-10-16 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 12 October 2015.
  5. ^ "The Pictorial History of the American Carnival - Volume 1" by Joe McKennon
  6. ^ "ON THE JOYZONE" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-11-25.
  7. ^ "Demon Drome Wall of Death". Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  8. ^ "new home page". Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  9. ^ Neena Sharma, Well of Death faces extinction, The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Dehradun Plus
  10. ^ S. Harpal Singh (15 December 2005). "Defying death in 'maut ka kuan'". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 16 December 2005.
  11. ^ 'Well of Death' carnival show in India at PoeTV.com
  12. ^ ਸਾਂਝਾ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਕਿਸ਼ਤ-26, Punjabi Newspaper Ajit
  13. ^ India's 'well of death', Reuters
  14. ^ The Kursaal Flyers, Nick Corble, Essex Life, February 2007
  15. ^ Ken Fox Hellriders: a Journey With the Wall of Death Gary Margerum, The History Press 1 April 2012. ISBN 0752465732
  16. ^ Schulz, Roland (18 September 2015). "Teufels Kerle" [Daredevils] (in German). Süddeutsche Zeitung. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  17. ^ "Geschichte Pitts Todeswand" [The History of Pitt's Todeswand] (in German). Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  18. ^ ecofilms web site [1], Thessaloniki Documentary Film Festival website [2]
  19. ^ "ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ 5ου FESTIVAL CULT ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΚΙΝΗΜΑΤΟΓΡΑΦΟΥ". Archived from the original on 3 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  20. ^ Richard Thompson's website
  21. ^ Shirley, Chris (14 December 2016). "Daredevil, India". Photo of the Day. National Geographic. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017.

Further reading

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  • Ford, Allan, and Corble, Nick, Riding the Wall of Death, 2006, Tempus Publishing (ISBN 0-7524-3791-7)
  • Ford, Allan, and Corble, Nick You Can't Wear Out An Indian Scout - Indians and the Wall of Death, 2009, Amberley Publishing (ISBN 978-1848680944)
  • Gaylin, David, "The Wall of Death: Carnival Motordromes," 2017, Arcadia Publishing (ISBN 978-1-4671-2706-6)
  • Gaylin, David, The Harley-Davidson Reader, Motorbooks (ISBN 978-0-7603-2591-9)
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