Virginia Frances Bateman (Mrs Edward Compton and Virginia Mackenzie; 1 January 1853 – 4 May 1940) was an American actress and actor-manager who performed with her husband Edward Compton in his Compton Comedy Company which toured the provinces of the United Kingdom from 1881 to 1923. On her husband's death in 1918 she ran the Company. She founded the Theatre Girls' Club.[1]
Early years
editBorn in New York in 1853,[2] she was one of eight children and the third of four actress daughters of the noted American actor Hezekiah Linthicum Bateman and his wife, the theatrical manager, playwright and actor Sidney Frances Bateman née Cowell. In January 1864 H. L. Bateman took his wife and two youngest girls including Virginia to England, where they settled permanently.
Career in London
editHer father became the manager of the Lyceum Theatre in London in February 1871 intending to use the theatre to launch the careers of his daughters Kate, Virginia and Isabel, who were known as The Bateman Sisters.[3] Virginia Bateman, the least talented of the three sisters, first appeared here in the title role of her mother's play Fanchette in 1871, but the play was not a financial success. Among other roles at the Lyceum she played Princess Elizabeth in Tennyson's Queen Mary with Henry Irving as Philip II of Spain.[4] Her father's fortunes improved radically with his presentation of The Bells by Leopold David Lewis, starring Henry Irving.[5] Virginia, her sisters and mother left the Lyceum for Sadler's Wells Theatre in 1878 after Irving refused to act with "dolls".[6][7]
Edward Compton
editIn 1881 Virginia Bateman became the leading lady of the actor Edward Compton in his new Compton Comedy Company. They married at St Peter's Church in Brighton on 12 June 1882[8] and had five children: the novelist Sir Edward Montague Compton Mackenzie (1883–1972) and the actors Frank Compton (1885–1964), Viola Compton (1886–1971), Ellen Compton (November 28, 1891–May 20, 1970), and Fay Compton (1894–1978).[9][10][11]
Later life
editIn 1914 she founded the Theatre Girls' Club which provided low cost temporary accommodation for young actresses during rehearsals (which were often unpaid at that time) or when they were looking for work. The Club was popular and much-used until the 1950s but became less so in the late 1950s and 1960s.[12] In 1920 she became the lessee of the Grand Theatre in Nottingham in an attempt to turn the Compton Comedy Company into a resident repertory company. Her daughters Ellen and Viola Compton managed the theatre as well as acting in the plays old and new, including The School for Scandal and Columbine written specially by her son Compton Mackenzie. She expressed an interest in putting on plays by local author D. H. Lawrence. The Nottingham Repertory Company gained critical praise and featured performances by Sybil Thorndike and Henry Ainley but by 1923 the recession was affecting ticket sales and the venture failed.[13][14]
Virginia Bateman Compton died in London in May 1940 and was buried with her husband in Brookwood Cemetery in Surrey.
References
edit
- ^ Virginia Bateman Compton - Correspondence and Playbills 1888-1925 - Pennsylvania State University Special Collections Library
- ^ 1871 England Census for Virginia Frances Bateman - Ancestry.com (subscription required)
- ^ Dennis Kennedy, The Oxford Companion to Theatre and Performance, Oxford University Press (2010)- Google Books pg. 50
- ^ Madeleine Bingham, Henry Irving and the Victorian Theatre, Routledge (2016) - Google Books pg. 110
- ^ Gayle T. Harris, Hezekiah Linthicum Bateman, - Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, accessed 26 April 2019
- ^ 'Who Was Irving's Landlord?' - The Irving Society
- ^ 'The Future of Sadler's Wells and the Lyceum Theatre' - The Builder, September 28, 1878
- ^ England & Wales, Civil Registration Marriage Index, 1837-1915 - E. M. C. Mackenzie and V. F. Bateman - Ancestry.com (subscription required)
- ^ Edward Compton - The Oxford Index
- ^ J. C. Trewin, "Compton, Fay (real name Virginia Lilian Emmeline Compton-Mackenzie) (1894–1978), actress", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press. Retrieved 12 February 2019. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- ^ Gayle T. Harris, Edward Compton (1854-1918) - Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, accessed 26 April 2019
- ^ Description of 'Mrs Edward Compton (Virginia Bateman), Theatre Girls Club, 1916-1961. V&A Theatre and Performance Collections. GB 71 THM/211' on the Archives Hub website, accessed 26 April 2019
- ^ Claire Cochrane, Twentieth-Century British Theatre: Industry, Art and Empire, Cambridge University Press (2011) - Google Books pg. 74
- ^ James Moran, The Theatre of D.H. Lawrence: Dramatic Modernist and Theatrical Innovator, Bloomsbury - Google Books