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Vaino Väljas[a] (28 March 1931 – 16 January 2024) was a Soviet and Estonian diplomat and politician. Väljas was leader of the Communist party in Soviet Estonia in 1988–1991, and the leader of Democratic Estonian Workers Party in 1992–1995 in independent Estonia.
Vaino Väljas | |
|---|---|
 Väljas in 2013 | |
| Leader of the Estonian Left Party | |
| In office 25 March 1990 – 1 June 1995 | |
| Preceded by | Party established |
| Succeeded by | Hillar Eller |
| First Secretary of the Communist Party of Estonia | |
| In office 1988–1990 | |
| Preceded by | Karl Vaino |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| First Secretary of the Leninist Young Communist League of Estonia | |
| In office 1955–1961 | |
| Preceded by | Boris Tolbast |
| Succeeded by | Jaan Lüllemets |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 28 March 1931 Külaküla, Hiiumaa, Estonia |
| Died | 16 January 2024 (aged 92) |
| Political party | Estonian Left Party |
Biography
editVaino Väljas was born on 28 March 1931 on the island of Hiiumaa in Estonia. After Estonia had been occupied and annexed in 1940, and invaded and reoccupied in 1944 by the Stalinist Soviet Union, Väljas became a member of the Soviet Communist Party in 1952. In 1955, he graduated from Tartu State University.
In 1949, he began working at the Komsomol. From 1955 to 1961 he held the office of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Leninist Young Communist League of Estonia. From 1961 to 1971, Väljas was First Secretary of the Tallinn City Committee of the Communist Party of Estonia. He was the Chairman of the 6th Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR in 1963–1967. From 1971 to 1980, he was Secretary of the Central Committee of the Estonian communist party. Since Väljas was considered to have Estonian "nationalist inclinations", he was removed from Estonia by the then communist party leadership in Moscow, and instead appointed by the Soviet central government as the Ambassador of the Soviet Union to Venezuela in 1980, and to Nicaragua in 1986.
As the Singing Revolution along with the Estonian independence movement both gained momentum in 1988, the relatively "liberal communist" Väljas was recalled by the Soviet leadership from Nicaragua and appointed by Gorbachev as leader of the communist party in the Soviet-occupied Estonia. Formally, he was first secretary of the Communist Party of the Estonian SSR from 16 June 1988 to April 1990, and its chairman from April 1990 to August 1991.[1] The Communist party lost its monopoly of power in February 1990. Väljas later voted for the Estonian Restoration of Independence in August 1991.[2]
Väljas died on 16 January 2024, at the age of 92.[3]
Awards
edit
Order of Lenin (1965)- 3 Orders of the Red Banner of Labour (1958, 1971, and 1973)
- Order of Friendship of Peoples (1981)
Order of the National Coat of Arms (2002)- Order of the White Star (2006)
- Aadu Luukas Mission Award (2017)
- Order of the Tallinn Coat of Arms (2021)
Order of the Liberator (Venezuela, 1986)
Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ "Estonia Gets Hope". Ellensburg Daily Record. Helsinki, Finland: UPI. 23 October 1989. p. 9. Retrieved 18 March 2010.
- ^ Smith, Graham, ed. (27 July 2016). The Baltic States: The National Self-Determination of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Springer. p. 149. ISBN 978-1-349-14150-0. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
- ^ "Suri Vaino Väljas. President Karis: tema diplomaatiline julgus aitas laduda kive Eesti iseseisvuse taastamisse". Ohtuleht. 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.