Sandbox 1
Page History
edit| Title | Written | Posted | Deleted |
|---|---|---|---|
| ONS 20/ON 206 | 12-14 May 2008 | 14 May 2008 | 14 May 2008 |
| Talk: BotA | 20 May 2008 | May 2008 | 21 May 2008 (20, ? , 21) |
| BotA (intro) | 27-30 May 2008 | ? | June 2008 ( contribs Mrg3105 |
| HX 229/SC122 (tables) | 20-24 June 2008 | 24 June 2008 | 19 July 2008 |
| IMN (Talk) | 19 July 2008 | ? | 5 Aug 2008 (Italian Mare Nostrum) [[Talk:Italian Mare Nostrum/Archive 4 (archived 18 Aug 2008) |
| UR-OR | 6 Aug 2008 | ? | 1 Sept 2008 (Unt →Op Rheinubung) |
| HX 228 | 1-4 Sep 2008 | 5 Sep 2008 | 6 Sep 2008 |
| U-XII | 8-22 Sep 2008 | 1 Oct 2008 | 6 Oct 2008 |
| Convoy battles | 6-8 Oct 2008 | - | - |
| Post | 11 Oct 2008 | Oct 2008 | 14 Oct 2008 ( 11, ? , 14) |
| Tag | 13 Oct 2008 | Oct 2008 | - ? |
| SC 48 | 14 Nov- 4 Dec 2008 | 5 Dec 2008 | 8 Dec 2008 ( reduced to Links, Refs) |
| SC 26 | 14 Nov, 8-12 Dec 2008 | 12 Dec 2008 | 17 Dec 2008 (reduced to Refs) |
| Gladiolus | 17-22 Dec 2008 | 22 Dec 2008 | 5 Jan 2009 (reduced to notes |
| Wolverine | 17 Dec 2008 | 10 July 2009 | 15 July 2009 (reduced to Links, Refs |
| Convoy template | 31 Dec 2008 | - | - |
| MacIntyre | 12 Feb-3 Mar 2009 | 7 Mar 2009 | 7 Mar 2009 |
| HX 72 | 12-21 Feb 2009 | 6 Mar 2009 | |
| HX 90 | 12 Feb 2009 | 16 May 2011 | - |
| B-2 EG | 31 Mar 2009 | 3-4 Sep 2009 | 7 Sep 2009 |
| B-7 EG | 31 Mar 2009 | 21-22 Aug 2009 | 7 Sep 2009 |
| 2 SG | 31 Mar 2009 | 16 Aug 2009 | 7 Sep 2009 |
| Gretton | 3 Apr 2009 | 6-7 Apr 2009 | 2 May 2009 |
| Gabbiano | 3 Apr 2009 | 9 July 2009 | 9 July 2009 |
| Atlantic WWI | 2 May 2009 | 6 Aug 2009 (Sb2) | 7 Sep 2009 |
| The Cruel Sea | 2 May 2009 | - | - |
| Van der Vat | 2 May 2009 | - | - |
| RfC/Spitzbergen | 13-30 July 2010 | 1 Aug 2010 | - |
| Mary B Mitchell | 20 Dec 2011 | 7 Jan 2012 | - |
| Bismarck | 4 Nov 2012 | (link posted) 4 Nov 2012 | - |
Completed
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List: Convoy battles
editList of convoy battles
This is a list of the major convoy battles fought during World War II in the Battle of the Atlantic.
North Atlantic route.
There were over …. Convoys on this route during the campaign, of which … were attacked ( approximately 10%)
Of these … saw major losses to the Allies ( 10 or more ships sunk/lost) While …. Saw significant loss to KM/Axis (2 or more U-boats destroyed)
In which ten or more/more than 10 ships were lost
| Convoy | Date | Ships lost | U-boats destroyed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convoy SC 7 | 16-18 Oct 1940 | 21 (53,000 GRT) | 0/none |
| Convoy SC 42. | 10 Oct 1941 | .19 | .2 |
| Convoy SC 107. | 8 Nov 1942 | .15 | .3 |
| Convoy ON 154. | 27 Dec 1942 | .14 | .1 |
| Convoy ON 166. | 21 Feb 1943 | .14 | .? |
| Convoy HX 229. | 16 March 1943 | .13. | .0/1 |
| Convoy ONS 5. | 29 Apr 1943 | .13. | .6 |
| Convoy SL 125. | 27-30 Oct 1942 | .12 | .0 |
| Convoy SC 121. | 7 Mar 1943 | .12 | .1 |
| Convoy HX 79. | 19 Oct 1940 | .12 | .0 |
| Convoy SC 48. | 15 Oct 1940 | .11 | .0 |
| Convoy HX 72. | 21 Sept 1940 | .11 | .0 |
| Convoy SC 26. | 2 April 1941 | .11 | .0 |
| Convoy SC 118 | 2 Feb 1943 | .11 | .3 |
| Convoy HX 90. | 1-3 Dec 1940 | .10 | .0 |
| Convoy OG 71. | 19 Aug 1941 | .10 | .0 |
| Convoy HG 73. | 18-27 Sept 1941 | .10 | .0 |
.HX229 was the greatest loss by tonnage; if included with SC122 as a single battle the loss is 22 ships, the greatest loss of the campaign.
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.
.
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In which two or more/more than 2 U-boats were destroyed
| Convoy | Date | U-boats destroyed | Ships lost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convoy ONS 5. | 29 April 1943 | .6. | .12 |
| Convoys ONS 20/ON 206. | 15-17 Oct 1943 | .6 . | . 0 |
| Convoys ONS 18/ON 202. | 19-22 Sept 1943 | .3 . | . 6 (+3 warships) |
| Convoy SC 130. | 18-20 May 1943 . | .3/4/5 . | . 0 |
| Convoy HG 76. | 19-23 Dec 1941 | .4. . | .2 (+ 2 warships) |
| Convoy SC 107. | 2 Nov 1942 | .3 . | .15 |
| Convoy SC 118 | .4-7 Feb 1943 | .3 . | .8 . |
| Convoy ON 207. | 23-26 Oct 1943 | .3 . | .?1 |
| Convoy SC 143. | 8-9 Oct 1943 | .3 . | .?1 |
| Convoy HX 112. | 15-17 Mar 1941 | .2. | .6. |
| Convoy OB 293. | 6/7 Mar 1941 | 2 . | 3 |
| Convoy SC 42. . | 10 April 1941 | 2 | 19 |
| Convoy HX 228. | 10-11 Mar 1943 | .2 . | .4 (+ 1 warship) |
Major convoy battles of other campaigns/routes.
Mid-Atlantic route there were no/was one major major battles on this route/
"South Atlantic" route North/South
SL 125
OG 71
HG 73
HG 76
SL 139/MKS
Arctic route
PQ 17
PQ 18
[[:Category:North Atlantic convoys of World War II
[[:Category:Battle of the Atlantic
Tags
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This article is written in British English on the basis of strong national ties to the topic.
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Moves
editrv to previous title; see talk page
move to BritEng format; see talk page
Move
This page was moved recently; I’ve moved it back to the former title, which is a British English format. See discussion here on the subject
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Military history#Convoy article names
Move
I've moved this page to a British English format, as per Tag below.
Tag
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This article is written in British English on the basis of strong national ties to the topic.
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Shells
edit- SC 48
- External links
- References
- Category
- [[:Category:
- SC 26
- References
- [[:Category:
- Gladiolus
- Intro
- Western Approaches Escort Force.
- Rochester
- Douglas.
- Nasturtium,
- Celandine
- Newfoundland Local Escort Group
- Wolverine
- Commanding Officers
- The commanding officers of HMS Wolverine during World War Two are as follows:
| Commander | From | To |
|---|---|---|
- External links
- References
Convoy template
edit(I've used this for reference)
Template
- Title : Atlantic Convoys of World War II
- Above : Battle of the Atlantic
- Fleet/Escort Forces : Western Approaches Command, Coastal Command, Tenth Fleet, MOEF WLEF ELEF
- Escort Groups;Support Groups : EG 5, B-2, B-7, SG 2
- Convoy Battles/Engagements :
- HX:
- SC:
- OA/OB:
- ON/ONS:
- Technology : ASDIC HF/DF Depth charge Hedgehog Squid Leigh Light FIDO
- Tactics :Creeping attack, Barrage attack, Swamp/Monstrous, Buttercup (naval tactic), Raspberry, Artichoke, MajorHoople,
- Concepts : Anti-Submarine Warfare, Convoy System
Atlantic
- North Atlantic
- HX: HX 79]] HX 84]] HX 112]] HX 106]] HX 156]] HX 228]] HX 229]]
- SC: SC 7]] SC 26]] SC 42]] SC 48]] SC 94]] SC 104]] SC 107]] SC 118]] SC 121]] SC 122]] SC 130]] SC 143]]
- OA/OB: OB 293]]
- ON/ONS: ON 67]] ON 127]] ON 154]] ON 166]] ONS 5]] ONS 18/ON 202]] ONS 20/ON 206]] ON 207]]
- Mid Atlantic
- GU/UG : GUS 6]]
- South Atlantic, Mediterranean and Gibraltar
- HG : HG 76]]
- OG
- OS
- SL : SL 125]]
- KM
- MK
Arctic
- Dervish Convoy]]
- PQ : PQ 1]] PQ 2]] PQ 3]] PQ 4]] PQ 5]] PQ 6]] PQ 7]] …… ]] PQ 13]] PQ 16]] PQ 17]] PQ 18]]
- QP
- JW
- RA
Malta
- Operation: MB8 Collar (1940)
- Operation: Excess Substance Halberd (1941)
- Operation: Harpoon Vigorous Pedestal Stoneage (1942)
(I've put the comments on the talk page here)
Shell (2)
edit- MacIntyre
- References
- HX 72
- References
- Category
- HX 90
- HX 90 was a North Atlantic convoy of the HX series which ran during the battle of the Atlantic in World War II.
- P/B
- Action
- Conclusion
- External links
- References
- [[:Category:
- Escort Group B-2
- From Mid-Ocean Escort Force
- Link to Sandbox 3
- To article B-2 Escort Group (Royal Navy)
- Escort Group B-7
- From Mid-Ocean Escort Force
- link to Sandbox 3
- To article B-7 Escort Group (Royal Navy)
- 2nd Support Group
- From Frederic John Walker
- link to Sandbox 3
- To article 2nd Support Group (Royal Navy)
- Gretton
- external links
- Refs
- Gabbiano
- The Gabbiano class were a group of 59 corvettes of the Regia Marina, built to a war-time design for anti-submarine and escort duties.
- Ships
- References
- Atlantic U boat campaign (WWI)
- Link to Sandbox 2
- Article at Atlantic U-boat Campaign (World War I)
The Cruel Sea
editp272
..."you took my ship by surprise, Captain" (the German captain) said sourly. "Otherwise..." His tone hinted at treachery, unfair tactics, a course of conduct outrageous to German honour: suitable only for Englishmen... And what the hell have you been doing all these months, thought Ericson, except taking people by surprise, stalking them, giving them no chance. But that idea would not have registered. Instead he smiled ironically and said: "It is war. I'm sorry if it is too hard for you."
v d Vat
edit"The Atlantic campaign was not an exercise in statistics but a story of waste on a numbing scale..."
Spitsbergen
edit- Proposed text
Spitsbergen was named by its discoverer Willem Barentsz in 1596, the name meaning “pointed mountains” (from the German Spitz - "pointed", Bergen-"mountains"), the name being applied to both the main island and the island group as a whole.
The islands were known as "Greenland" in English during the 17th Century Haven, p45. They were referred to as Spitzbergen in a translation of a text by Martens, in 1671, and this became the English name thereafter. (cite)
The Arctic explorer WM Conway, in 1906, was of the opinion this was incorrect [1] but though this had little effect on British practice [2] [3]
However in 1920 the treaty determining the fate of the islands was entitled the "Spitsbergen Treaty", and the islands were referred to in the USA as "Spitsbergen" from that time.
Under Norwegian governance the islands were named "Svalbard" in 1925, the main island becoming "Spitsbergen", and by the end of the 20th century this usage had become general.
- References
- ^ "Spitsbergen is the only correct spelling; Spitzbergen is a relatively modern blunder. The name is Dutch, not German. The second S asserts and commemorates the nationality of the discoverer." – Sir Martin Conway, No Man’s Land, 1906.
- ^ Nature 1896 (refers to Conway expedition to Spitzbergen)
- ^ British Foreign Office 1908
- Suggestions
- Comments
Needs to be mentioned that Spitzbergen is a common alternative spelling in British English. Mjroots (talk) 04:46, 30 July 2010 (UTC)
Mary B Mitchell
editOpinions differ on the effectiveness of the Q-ships. One source regards them as greatly over-rated, diverting skilled seamen from other duties without sinking enough U-boats to justify the strategy, <ref.Preston, page=58}}</ref while another suggests Q-ships were all the more important in the early stages of the fight against the U-boat because so few methods had appeared to work,<ref.Halpern p300</ref though their effectiveness declined as the war at sea progressed. Another source (Ritchie) regards the 11 U-boats destroyed (some 8% of the total ) as a “very respectable total” <ref.Ritchie p157</ref.
Bismarck
editSuggest change from
"In her final battle the following morning, Bismarck was neutralised by a sustained bombardment from a British fleet, was scuttled by her crew, and sank with heavy loss of life. Most experts agree that the battle damage would have caused her to sink eventually."
To
"In her final battle the following morning, Bismarck was silenced by a sustained bombardment from a British fleet and left dead in the water<ref. She was scuttled by her crew, to hasten her end, and sank with heavy loss of life."
Princip
edit"If I hadn't done it the Germans would have found another excuse." Gavrilo Princip (Personal quote at IMDb)
The Killing Time
edit"The fundamental error of the German position is the assumption that submarines have peculiar rights by reason of their disabilities as commerce destroyers": Editorial, New York World ? May 1915*, quoted by Edwyn Gray (1972) The Killing Time: ISBN 0 85422 070 4
*[context: after Gullflight sinking (1 May 15, 2 americans killed); followed Falaba sinking (28 Mar 15); 101 killed including one american]
Websites
editSources
edit- Clay Blair : Hitler’s U-Boat War Vol I:The Hunters 1939-1942 (1996). ISBN 0-304-35260-8 [SC48, SC26, Glad, Wolv, HX72, HX90,
- Clay Blair : Hitler's U-Boat War Vol II:The Hunted 1942-1945 (1998). ISBN 0-304-35261-6 [Mac, Gret,
- Conway Conway's All the Worlds Fighting Ships 1922-1946 (1980). ISBN 0 85177 146 7 [Gab,
- Bernard Edwards : Donitz and the Wolf Packs (1996). ISBN 0-304-35203-9 [SC48, Glad, HX72,
- Peter Gretton Convoy Escort Commander (1956). ISBN (none) [Wolv, Gret,
- Arnold Hague : The Allied Convoy System 1939-1945 (2000). ISBN 1 55125 033 0 (Canada) . ISBN 1 86176 147 3 (UK) [SC48, SC26, Glad, HX72, HX90,
- Paul Kemp : U-Boats Destroyed ( 1997). ISBN 1 85409 515 3 [Glad, Wolv, Mac, Gret,
- Axel Niestle : German U-Boat Losses during World War II (1998). ISBN 1 85367 352 8 [Wolv,
- Donald Macintyre : U-Boat Killer (1956). ISBN (none) [Mac,
- Stephen Roskill : The War at Sea 1939-1945 Vol I (1954). ISBN (none) [SC48, SC26, Wolv, HX72, HX90,
- David White : Bitter Ocean (2006). ISBN 0 7553 1088 8 [SC26, Mac, Gret,
External links
editCategories
edit- [[:Category:North Atlantic convoys of World War II |[List, SC48, SC26, HX90,
- [[:Category:Battle of the Atlantic [List, SC48, SC26,
- [[:Category:Naval battles involving Canada| [SC48, HX90