| Name | Image | Dedications or associated places in Cornwall | Notes | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adwen | St Adwen's Church, Advent | Mentioned in the Life of Saint Nectan as a son of Brychan, although probably unique to Advent. Sometimes misidentified as female. | [1] | |
| Austol | _M%C3%A9tropole_Saint-Pierre_-_Int%C3%A9rieur_-_Procession_des_saints_de_Bretagne_-_Saint_M%C3%A9en_et_Saint_Austol.jpg)
|
St Austell | Mentioned in the 11th-century hagiography of Mewan as his godson. Before the mid-19th century, Holy Trinity Church, St Austell was dedicated to him. | [2] |
| Branwalator | St Breward | Attested from the 10th century; Æthelstan dedicated Milton Abbey to the Virgin Mary, Samson of Dol, and Branwalator c. 933. He is mentioned in several 10th- and 11th-century litanies. | [3] | |
| Breage | St Breage's Church, Breage | A hagiography was written about her in the 14th or 15th century, although it does not survive. Likely written in or near Breage, it relates that she was from Ireland originally, although this is likely legendary and may be out of association with Brigid of Kildare. | [4] | |
| Brioc | 
|
St Breock | The subject of an 11th-century hagiography written in Brittany, according to which he was a pagan convert from Cornwall who studied in Paris under Germanus of Auxerre. He founded a church in Cornwall and monasteries in Brittany. Several churches in Brittany, including Saint-Brieuc Cathedral, are dedicated to him. | [5] |
| Buriana | .jpg)
|
St Buryan's Church | Attested in a 10th-century list of Cornish saints found in a Breton manuscript, and in a royal charter of Æthelstan granting property to the clergy of St Buryan. Later medieval sources give her an Irish origin, but she was likely from Brittany or Cornwall. | [6] |
| Carantoc | 
|
St Carantoc's Church, Crantock | The subject of two Latin hagiographies written in Wales with church dedications in Wales, Ireland, Brittany, Cornwall, and Somerset. According to his hagiographies he was from Wales and travelled to Ireland for a period, but his cult may originate in Crantock, as that was the most prominent of his dedications in the medieval period. | [7] |
| Columba | 
|
Local traditions about Columba were recorded in Cornish in the late 16th century. Her cult was centred on the churches of St Columb Major and St Columb Minor, the former of which was one of the wealthiest churches in Cornwall. | [8] | |
| Constantine | A legendary 6th-century king of Dumnonia who repented and, according to the Life of Saint David, became a monk. | [9] | ||
| Cuby | 
|
According to his 12th- or 13th-century Welsh hagiography, Cuby was a Cornish bishop who travelled to Wales and Ireland. | [10] | |
| Elwen | Recorded as having a chapel dedicated to Elvan in 1270 in Sithney, and the patron of a 19th-century church in Hayle. He is listed as a companion of Breage in one of her medieval hagiographies. | [11] | ||
| Endelient | St Endellion | First attested in the Life of Saint Nectan, she was listed as a daughter of Brychan. Nicholas Roscarrock recorded folklore about Endelient in the 16th century; she was thought to be a goddaughter of King Arthur and a hermit. | [12] | |
| Enoder | St Enoder | Known as the patron saint of a church in Cornwall as early as 1086. | [13] | |
| Enodoc | St Enodoc's Church, Trebetherick | Enodoc is first attested in writing in 1299, although his dedicated church dates to the 12th century or earlier. | [14] | |
| Euny | A relatively widely venerated saint about whom little is known. Several churches, chapels, and holy wells are dedicated to him, including the large parish church at Lelant, where he is supposedly buried. | [15] | ||
| Felec | St Felicitas and St Piala's Church, Phillack | First attested in a 10th-century list of Cornish saints. By 1259 Felec was regarded as female and her name was romanised as Felicitas, perhaps in conflation with Felicity of Carthage or Felicity of Rome. | [16] | |
| Germochus | Germoe | First recorded as the patron saint of Germoe parish in 1270, and thought to be a king and companion to Breage. His tomb at the Germoe church was still extant when John Leland visited in the 16th century. | [17] | |
| Gwinear | .jpg)
|
St Gwinear's Church, Gwinear | Gwinear and his patronal church are both first attested in 1258. A hagiography written in Brittany c. 1300 survives, which is likely drawn from an earlier Cornish hagiographical source. The hagiography relates that Gwinear was a pagan Irish prince converted by Saint Patrick who became a hermit in Brittany and performed miracles in Cornwall. | [18] |
| Ia | 
|
Mentioned in the Life of Gwinear, where she was a noble Irish virgin who was miraculously transported to Cornwall on a leaf. | [19] | |
| Ivo of Ramsey | St Ive | A legendary Persian bishop whose body was discovered in 1001 at St Ives, Cambridgeshire. | [20] | |
| Julitta | 
|
There are three dedications in north Cornwall to a Julitta, which may be an altered version of Juliana, in turn perhaps a romanisation of Guilant. Julitta is also the name of a Roman martyr usually paired with her son Cyricus; dedications to Julitta alone on the north coast of Cornwall are more likely to originate with a Brittonic saint. | [21] | |
| Kea | Old Kea | Subject of the Cornish play Bewnans Ke. | [22] | |
| Keverne | St Keverne | [23] | ||
| Keyne | A daughter of Brychan in Welsh genealogies and subject of a late medieval Welsh hagiography. | [24] | ||
| Lide |
|
[25] | ||
| Mabyn | 
|
St Mabyn Parish Church | [26] | |
| Madron | Madron (Well and chapel) | [27] | ||
| Marnarck | Lanreath | [28] | ||
| Materiana | .png)
|
[29] | ||
| Mawgan | [30] | |||
| Melaine | 
|
6th-century bishop of Rennes, also venerated in Brittany and Wales. | [31] | |
| Menefrida | St Minver | [32] | ||
| Meriasek | 
|
St Martin and St Meriadoc's Church, Camborne | Subject of the Cornish play Beunans Meriasek. | [33] |
| Mewan | St Mewan | [34] | ||
| Morwenna | Church of St Morwenna and St John the Baptist, Morwenstow | [35] | ||
| Neot | 
|
St Neot | [36] | |
| Petroc | 
|
[37] | ||
| Piran | 
|
St Piran's Day, Saint Piran's Flag | [38] | |
| Rumon | Ruan Lanihorne | [39] | ||
| Salomon | St Levan's Church, St Levan | [40] | ||
| Senara | St Senara's Church, Zennor | [41] | ||
| Sithney | _%C3%89glise_Saint-Sezny_05.jpg)
|
Sithney | [42] | |
| Sulien | Luxulyan | [43] | ||
| Tallanus | St Tallanus' Church, Talland | [44] | ||
| Tetha | St Teath | [45] | ||
| Tudy | .jpg)
|
St Tudy | [46] | |
| Veep | St Veep | [47] | ||
| Wenna | [48] | |||
| Wyllow | Lanteglos-by-Fowey | [49] |
Dubious: Credan - Orme 2000, pp. 97–98; Erbin of Dumnonia - Orme 2000, pp. 117–118, 143; Erc of Slane (Erth/Erch, St Erth's Church, St Erth) - Orme 2000, pp. 116–117; Ivo of Ramsey; Mybbard and Mancus - Orme 2000, pp. 173, 190–191; Noyale - Orme 2000, pp. 203–204; St Levan's Church, Porthpean; Gudwal/Gulval; Geraint of Dumnonia
Maybe merge: Enoder, Enodoc, Felec, Marnarck, Saint Senara, Tallanus, Saint Veep, Wyllow
References
edit- ^ Orme 1996, p. 67; Orme 2000, pp. 59–60
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 69; Orme 2000, p. 67
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 71; Orme 2000, pp. 73–74
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 71; Orme 2000, pp. 71–72
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 71; Orme 2000, pp. 75–76
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 72; Orme 2000, pp. 78–79
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 75; Orme 2000, pp. 83–85
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 74–75; Orme 2000, pp. 91–93
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 75; Orme 2000, pp. 94–95
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 77–78; Orme 2000, pp. 99–100
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 116; Orme 2000, p. 112
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 79; Orme 2000, p. 113
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 79; Orme 2000, p. 114
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 79; Orme 2000, pp. 114–115
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 76, 96, 113; Orme 2000, pp. 118–120
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 110–111; Orme 2000, p. 121
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 83; Orme 2000, p. 129
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 85; Orme 2000, pp. 136–138
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 87–88; Orme 2000, pp. 144–145
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 87; Orme 2000, p. 148
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 88, 95; Orme 2000, p. 154
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 89; Orme 2000, pp. 156–158
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 90; Orme 2000, pp. 159–160
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 91, 101; Orme 2000, pp. 162–163
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 87, 115; Orme 2000, pp. 111–112
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 99–100; Orme 2000, pp. 168–169
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 100; Orme 2000, pp. 169–171
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 94; Orme 2000, p. 173
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 105; Orme 2000, pp. 189–190
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 102; Orme 2000, pp. 182–183
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 103, 107; Orme 2000, pp. 184–185
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 105; Orme 2000, p. 187
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 72–73; Orme 2000, pp. 188–189
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 104; Orme 2000, pp. 191–192
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 106; Orme 2000, p. 196
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 107; Orme 2000, pp. 200–203
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 70, 78, 98, 109, 121; Orme 2000, pp. 214–219
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 110; Orme 2000
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 114; Orme 2000, pp. 226–227
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 97; Orme 2000, pp. 227–228
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 125; Orme 2000, pp. 232–233
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 116–117; Orme 2000, pp. 236–237
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 99; Orme 2000, pp. 238–239
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 118; Orme 2000, p. 242
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 119; Orme 2000, pp. 244–245
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 121–122; Orme 2000, pp. 247–248
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 122; Orme 2000, p. 249
- ^ Orme 1996, pp. 106, 123–124; Orme 2000, pp. 251–252
- ^ Orme 1996, p. 95; Orme 2000, pp. 255–256
Bibliography
edit- Orme, Nicholas (1996). English Church Dedications: With a Survey of Cornwall and Devon. University of Exeter Press. ISBN 9780859895163.
- Orme, Nicholas (2000). The Saints of Cornwall. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191542893.
to use
edit- Thacker, Alan; Sharpe, Richard, eds. (2002). Local Saints and Local Churches in the Early Medieval West. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198203940.
- Mattingly, Joanna (2003). "Pre-Reformation saints' cults in Cornwall—with particular reference to the St Neot windows". In Cartwright, Jane (ed.). Celtic Hagiography and Saints' Cults. University of Wales Press. pp. 249–270. ISBN 9780708317495.
- Petts, Turner; Turner, Sam (2009). "Early Medieval Church Groups in Wales and Western England". In Edwards, Nancy (ed.). The Archaeology of the Early Medieval Celtic Churches. Society for Medieval Archaeology. pp. 281–300. ISBN 9781906540616. ISSN 0583-9106.
- Courtney, Margaret Ann (1890). Cornish Feasts and Folk-Lore. Penzance: Beare and Son. OCLC 702566.
- Deane, Tony; Shaw, Tony (1975). The Folklore of Cornwall. B. T. Batsford. ISBN 9780713430370. (could go in further reading)
- James, Ronald (2018). The Folklore of Cornwall: The Oral Tradition of a Celtic Nation. University of Exeter Press. ISBN 9780859894708.
- Olson, B. Lynette; Padel, O. J. (1986). "A tenth-century list of Cornish parochial saints". Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies. 12: 33–71. ISSN 0260-5600.
- Olson, B. Lynette (1996). "Note: The tenth-century List of Cornish parochial saints' names in Codex Vaticanus Reg. Lat. 191". Parergon. 13 (2): 179–181. doi:10.1353/pgn.1996.0016. ISSN 1832-8334.
- Ashley, Leonard R. N. (2000). "The Saints Come Marching In: Saints' Names in the Toponymy of Cornwall". Names. 48 (3–4): 257–264. doi:10.1179/nam.2000.48.3-4.257. ISSN 1756-2279.
- Scherb, Victor I. (2001). "Situating the Holy: Celtic Community in Breton and Cornish Saint Plays". Comparative Drama. 35 (3–4): 319–343. doi:10.1353/cdr.2001.0013. ISSN 1936-1637.