User:Rune.welsh/Sandbox/List of metropolitan areas of Mexico
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The following is a list of all metropolitan areas in Mexico as defined in 2004 by a joint task force of the National Population Council (CONAPO), the Secretariat of Social Development (SEDESOL) and the National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Data Processing (INEGI).[1]
The task force identified a total of 55 metropolitan areas in the country. The state with most metropolitan areas is Veracruz with nine (eight being entirely in its territory and one shared with the neighbouring state of Tamaulipas). Three states do not have any: Baja California Sur, Campeche and Sinaloa. The only entity whose area is entirely within a metropolitan area is the Federal District.
Background
editThe first attempt to clasify metropolitan areas in Mexico in a systematic way was done by Luis Unikel in 1976, where he followed a definition set by an expert panel appointed the United Nations in 1966.[2]
Definition and criteria for delimitation
editIn the 2004 definition of metropolitan areas, municipalities were classified as being either core or external per their relationship with the main city.
Core municipalities
editCore municipalities contain the main city and are considered to be the source of the metropolitan area. To be identified as such, a municipality must satisfy one of the following criteria:
- Municipalities which are physically joined by a continuous urban spread with a population of at least 50,000 inhabitants.
- Municipalities with a population of at least 50,000 inhabitants which also have a high degree of physical and functional integration with neighbouring municipalities of predominantly urban character. These are said to be in conurbation.
- Single municipalities which contain a city of at least 1 million inhabitants.
- Single municipalities which contain a city of at least 250,000 inhabitants and share conurbation processes with a city across the border with the United States.
External muncipalities
editExternal municipalities are not in conurbation with the main city, but instead are functionally related to it. To be identified as such, a municipality must satisfy all the following geographical and statistical criteria:
- The main settlement of the municipality (usually where municipal president is located) must not be more than 10 km away from the main city and linked to it by a paved, two-line highway.
- At least 15% of the working age population must be employed in the core municipalities. Alternatively, 10% of the employed population in the external municipality must live in core municipalities.
- At least 75% of the employed population must work in activities other than agriculture.
- Must have a mean population density of 20 inhabitants per hectare.
In addition some cases were identified where legislation (either local or federal) considered a municipality part of a metropolitan area for the purposes of urban planning and policy. These were also included in the external muncipality count as part of the study.
Metropolitan area | State(s) | Core municipalities | External municipalities | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Aguascalientes | Aguascalientes | 1 | 1 | 2 |
2 | Tijuana | Baja California | 2 | - | 2 |
3 | Chihuahua | Chihuahua | 1 | 2 | 3 |
4 | Ciudad Juárez | Chihuahua | 1 | - | 1 |
5 | Monclova–Frontera | Coahuila | 2 | 1 | 3 |
6 | Piedras Negras | Coahuila | 2 | - | 2 |
7 | Saltillo | Coahuila | 2 | 1 | 3 |
8 | La Laguna | Coahuila, Durango | 3 | 1 | 4 |
9 | Colima–Villa de Álvarez | Colima | 2 | - | 2 |
10 | Tecomán | Colima | 2 | - | 2 |
11 | Tuxtla Gutiérrez | Chiapas | 2 | - | 2 |
12 | Valle de México | Federal District, Hidalgo, Mexico | 51 | 24 | 75 [3] |
13 | León | Guanajuato | 1 | 1 | 2 |
14 | Moroleón–Uriangato | Guanajuato | 2 | - | 2 |
15 | San Francisco del Rincón | Guanajuato | 2 | - | 2 |
16 | Acapulco | Guerrero | 2 | - | 2 |
17 | Pachuca | Hidalgo | 2 | 5 | 7 |
18 | Tula | Hidalgo | 1 | 4 | 5 |
19 | Tulancingo | Hidalgo | 3 | - | 3 |
20 | Guadalajara | Jalisco | 6 | 2 | 8 |
21 | Ocotlán | Jalisco | 2 | - | 2 |
22 | Puerto Vallarta | Jalisco, Nayarit | 2 | - | 2 |
23 | Toluca | Mexico | 7 | 5 | 12 |
24 | Morelia | Michoacán | 1 | 1 | 2 |
25 | Zamora–Jacona | Michoacán | 2 | - | 2 |
26 | La Piedad | Michoacán, Guanajuato | 2 | - | 2 |
27 | Cuautla | Morelos | 3 | 2 | 5 [4] |
28 | Cuernavaca | Morelos | 6 | - | 6 |
29 | Tepic | Nayarit | 2 | - | 2 |
30 | Monterrey | Nuevo León | 11 | - | 11 |
31 | Oaxaca | Oaxaca | 18 | - | 18 |
32 | Puebla–Tlaxcala | Puebla, Tlaxcala | 23 | - | 23 |
33 | San Martín Texmelucan | Puebla | 2 | - | 2 |
34 | Querétaro | Querétaro | 3 | - | 3 |
35 | Cancún | Quintana Roo | 1 | 1 | 2 |
36 | Rioverde–Ciudad Fernández | San Luis Potosí | 2 | - | 2 |
37 | San Luis Potosí–Soledad de G.S. | San Luis Potosí | 2 | - | 2 |
38 | Guaymas | Sonora | 1 | 1 | 2 |
39 | Villahermosa | Tabasco | 2 | - | 2 |
40 | Matamoros | Tamaulipas | 1 | - | 1 |
41 | Nuevo Laredo | Tamaulipas | 1 | - | 1 |
42 | Reynosa–Río Bravo | Tamaulipas | 1 | 1 | 2 |
43 | Tampico | Tamaulipas, Veracruz | 5 | - | 5 |
44 | Apizaco | Tlaxcala | 8 | - | 8 |
45 | Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala | 11 | - | 11 |
46 | Acayucan | Veracruz | 2 | 1 | 3 |
47 | Coatzacoalcos | Veracruz | 2 | 1 | 3 |
48 | Minatitlán | Veracruz | 4 | 2 | 6 [5] |
49 | Córdoba | Veracruz | 3 | 1 | 4 |
50 | Xalapa | Veracruz | 4 | 2 | 6 |
51 | Orizaba | Veracruz | 9 | 2 | 11 |
52 | Poza Rica | Veracruz | 4 | - | 4 |
53 | Veracruz | Veracruz | 2 | 1 | 3 |
54 | Mérida | Yucatán | 3 | 2 | 5 |
55 | Zacatecas–Guadalupe | Zacatecas | 2 | - | 2 |
List by population
editThe following table shows the 55 metropolitan areas ordered by decreasing population. At the time of the study it was found that nine areas had a population of 1 million inhabitants or more; 14 had a population between 500,000 and 999,999 and 32 had a population between 100,000 and 499,999. In total, all metropolitan areas concentrated 51,502,972 inhabitants or 52.8% of the country's population in the year 2000. Figures in the table below use the data from the XII General Population and Housing Census (2000).
Also listed is the extension of each metropolitan area. In total they occupy 142,337 km², that is, 7.2% of the country's area (1,972,550 km²).
Fix this text ->It is important to realize that some municipalities, especially in the north, tend to be occupy a large extension of land but have a low population count, however this land may not be covered in its entirety by a city or another form of urban development. This may lead to the counter-intuitive result of some large metropolitan areas having a comparatively low population. To help to understand this fact the population density of each area is provided and the five largest and the five densest areas are highlighted in the table below.
Rank | Metropolitan area | Population | Area (km²) | Density (inhab/km²) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Valley of Mexico | 18 396 677 | 7 815 | 2 354 |
2 | Guadalajara | 3 699 136 | 2 734 | 1 353 |
3 | Monterrey | 3 299 302 | 5 560 | 593 |
4 | Puebla–Tlaxcala | 1 885 321 | 1 338 | 1 409 |
5 | Toluca | 1 451 801 | 1 991 | 729 |
6 | Tijuana | 1 274 240 | 1 621 | 786 |
7 | León | 1 269 179 | 1 767 | 718 |
8 | Ciudad Juárez | 1 218 817 | 3 569 | 341 |
9 | La Laguna | 1 007 291 | 5 022 | 200 |
10 | San Luis Potosí–Soledad de G.S. | 850 828 | 1 742 | 488 |
11 | Mérida | 803 920 | 1 547 | 519 |
12 | Acapulco | 791 558 | 3 544 | 223 |
13 | Querétaro | 787 341 | 1 650 | 477 |
14 | Tampico | 746 417 | 5 293 | 141 |
15 | Cuernavaca | 738 326 | 772 | 956 |
16 | Aguascalientes | 707 516 | 1 685 | 419 |
17 | Chihuahua | 696 495 | 18 091 | 38 |
18 | Morelia | 659 940 | 1 456 | 453 |
19 | Veracruz | 642 680 | 1 120 | 573 |
20 | Saltillo | 637 273 | 13 995 | 45 |
21 | Villahermosa | 600 580 | 2 235 | 268 |
22 | Reynosa–Río Bravo | 524 692 | 4 713 | 111 |
23 | Xalapa | 510 410 | 444 | 1 149 |
24 | Tuxtla Gutiérrez | 494 763 | 1 174 | 421 |
25 | Oaxaca | 460 350 | 474 | 971 |
26 | Poza Rica | 443 419 | 2 544 | 174 |
27 | Cancún | 431 128 | 3 010 | 143 |
28 | Matamoros | 418 141 | 4 659 | 89 |
29 | Pachuca | 375 022 | 1 181 | 317 |
30 | Orizaba | 367 021 | 504 | 728 |
31 | Cuautla | 358 405 | 910 | 393 |
32 | Tepic | 342 840 | 2 160 | 158 |
33 | Minatitlán | 323 389 | 2 923 | 110 |
34 | Nuevo Laredo | 310 915 | 1 220 | 254 |
35 | Coatzacoalcos | 307 724 | 495 | 621 |
36 | Monclova–Frontera | 282 853 | 5 047 | 56 |
37 | Córdoba | 276 553 | 466 | 593 |
38 | Tlaxcala | 249 453 | 353 | 706 |
39 | Puerto Vallarta | 244 536 | 1 472 | 166 |
40 | Zacatecas–Guadalupe | 232 965 | 1 263 | 184 |
41 | La Piedad | 229 372 | 1 846 | 124 |
42 | Zamora–Jacona | 216 048 | 460 | 469 |
43 | Colima–Villa de Álvarez | 210 766 | 1 033 | 204 |
44 | Tulancingo | 193 638 | 679 | 285 |
45 | Guaymas | 180 316 | 8 571 | 21 |
46 | Tula | 169 901 | 586 | 290 |
47 | Apizaco | 158 948 | 370 | 429 |
48 | Piedras Negras | 151 149 | 1 379 | 109 |
49 | San Francisco del Rincón | 145 017 | 710 | 204 |
50 | San Martín Texmelucan | 143 720 | 195 | 737 |
51 | Rioverde–Ciudad Fernández | 128 935 | 3 596 | 35 |
52 | Tecomán | 127 863 | 1 201 | 106 |
53 | Ocotlán | 125 027 | 1 089 | 114 |
54 | Acayucan | 102 992 | 830 | 124 |
55 | Moroleón–Uriangato | 100 063 | 273 | 366 |
Notes and references
edit- ^ Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (2004). Delimitación de las zonas metropolitanas de México (PDF). Aguascalientes: INEGI. ISBN 970-13-3675-5.
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suggested) (help) - ^ Unikel, Luis (1978). El desarrollo urbano de México. Mexico City: El Colegio de México.
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ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - ^ Count does not include the municipality of Tonatitla which was created off the municipality of Jaltenco entirely within the limits of the metropolitan area. The reason is the lack of census data for Tonatitla due to the municipality being created only in July 2003. Therefore the locality could not be assessed as being either an internal or external municipality.
- ^ The municipality of Yautepec is considered to be part of this metropolitan area due to the degree of integration of the towns of Oaxtepec and Cocoyoc to the city of Cuautla. However it is recognized that the town of La Joya is more closely related to the city of Cuernavaca.
- ^ The municipality of Cosoleacaque is considered to be part of this metropolitan area. However it was recognized that the town of Estero del Pantano is more closely related to the city of Coatzacoalcos. Additionally, the municipality of Jaltipán was deemed to belong to this metropolitan area, despite being related to a lower degree to the cities of Coatzacoalcos and Acayucan as well.
www.conapo.gob.mx/prensa/2005/102005.pdf www.cmq.edu.mx/docinvest/document/DI32145.pdf