INFO : Beginning work on ACHE... {November 6, 2007 10:25:00 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: {November 6, 2007 10:25:52 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:26:07 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_ACHE_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1b41.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1b41}}, {{PDB2|1f8u}}, {{PDB2|1vzj}}
| Name = Acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)
| HGNCid = 108
| Symbol = ACHE
| AltSymbols =; ARACHE; N-ACHE; YT
| OMIM = 100740
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 543
| MGIid = 87876
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_ACHE_205377_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_ACHE_205378_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001540 |text = beta-amyloid binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003990 |text = acetylcholinesterase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004104 |text = cholinesterase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004759 |text = carboxylesterase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005518 |text = collagen binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016787 |text = hydrolase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0017171 |text = serine hydrolase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042166 |text = acetylcholine binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042803 |text = protein homodimerization activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043237 |text = laminin-1 binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005605 |text = basal lamina}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005794 |text = Golgi apparatus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045202 |text = synapse}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0048471 |text = perinuclear region of cytoplasm}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001507 |text = acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0002076 |text = osteoblast development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006260 |text = DNA replication}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007155 |text = cell adhesion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007416 |text = synaptogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007517 |text = muscle development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008283 |text = cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009611 |text = response to wounding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0032223 |text = negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042982 |text = amyloid precursor protein metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0050714 |text = positive regulation of protein secretion}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 43
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000087085
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000656
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000665
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 100325552
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 100331651
| Hs_Uniprot = P22303
| Mm_EntrezGene = 11423
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000023328
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009599
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033729
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 137518065
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 137524251
| Mm_Uniprot = Q543Z1
}}
}}
'''Acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)''', also known as '''ACHE''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions and brain cholinergic synapses, and thus terminates signal transmission. It is also found on the red blood cell membranes, where it constitutes the Yt blood group antigen. Acetylcholinesterase exists in multiple molecular forms which possess similar catalytic properties, but differ in their oligomeric assembly and mode of cell attachment to the cell surface. It is encoded by the single ACHE gene, and the structural diversity in the gene products arises from alternative mRNA splicing, and post-translational associations of catalytic and structural subunits. The major form of acetylcholinesterase found in brain, muscle and other tissues is the hydrophilic species, which forms disulfide-linked oligomers with collagenous, or lipid-containing structural subunits. The other, alternatively spliced form, expressed primarily in the erythroid tissues, differs at the C-terminal end, and contains a cleavable hydrophobic peptide with a GPI-anchor site. It associates with the membranes through the phosphoinositide (PI) moieties added post-translationally.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ACHE acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=43| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Silman I, Futerman AH |title=Modes of attachment of acetylcholinesterase to the surface membrane. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=170 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 11-22 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3319614 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Soreq H, Seidman S |title=Acetylcholinesterase--new roles for an old actor. |journal=Nat. Rev. Neurosci. |volume=2 |issue= 4 |pages= 294-302 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11283752 |doi= 10.1038/35067589 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shen T, Tai K, Henchman RH, McCammon JA |title=Molecular dynamics of acetylcholinesterase. |journal=Acc. Chem. Res. |volume=35 |issue= 6 |pages= 332-40 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12069617 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pakaski M, Kasa P |title=Role of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the metabolism of amyloid precursor protein. |journal=Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders |volume=2 |issue= 3 |pages= 163-71 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12769797 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Meshorer E, Soreq H |title=Virtues and woes of AChE alternative splicing in stress-related neuropathologies. |journal=Trends Neurosci. |volume=29 |issue= 4 |pages= 216-24 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16516310 |doi= 10.1016/j.tins.2006.02.005 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on BAK1... {November 6, 2007 10:26:07 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein BAK1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:26:39 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:26:58 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_BAK1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 2ims.
| PDB = {{PDB2|2ims}}, {{PDB2|2imt}}, {{PDB2|2jcn}}
| Name = BCL2-antagonist/killer 1
| HGNCid = 949
| Symbol = BAK1
| AltSymbols =; BAK; BAK-LIKE; BCL2L7; CDN1; MGC117255; MGC3887
| OMIM = 600516
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 917
| MGIid = 1097161
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_BAK1_203728_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042802 |text = identical protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046982 |text = protein heterodimerization activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006917 |text = induction of apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008637 |text = apoptotic mitochondrial changes}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042981 |text = regulation of apoptosis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 578
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000030110
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001179
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001188
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 33648307
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 33655997
| Hs_Uniprot = Q16611
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12018
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000057789
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_007523
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_031549
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 17
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 26747399
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 26756216
| Mm_Uniprot = Q8C264
}}
}}
'''BCL2-antagonist/killer 1''', also known as '''BAK1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the BCL2 protein family. BCL2 family members form oligomers or heterodimers and act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. This protein localizes to mitochondria, and functions to induce apoptosis. It interacts with and accelerates the opening of the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel, which leads to a loss in membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c. This protein also interacts with the tumor suppressor P53 after exposure to cell stress.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BAK1 BCL2-antagonist/killer 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=578| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Buytaert E, Callewaert G, Vandenheede JR, Agostinis P |title=Deficiency in apoptotic effectors Bax and Bak reveals an autophagic cell death pathway initiated by photodamage to the endoplasmic reticulum. |journal=Autophagy |volume=2 |issue= 3 |pages= 238-40 |year= 2007 |pmid= 16874066 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on BLM... {November 6, 2007 10:26:58 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:27:22 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Bloom syndrome
| HGNCid = 1058
| Symbol = BLM
| AltSymbols =; BS; MGC126616; MGC131618; MGC131620; RECQ2; RECQL2; RECQL3
| OMIM = 604610
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 47902
| MGIid = 1328362
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003677 |text = DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004003 |text = ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016787 |text = hydrolase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016818 |text = hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006260 |text = DNA replication}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006281 |text = DNA repair}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006310 |text = DNA recombination}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019735 |text = antimicrobial humoral response}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 641
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000197299
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000048
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000057
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 15
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 89061639
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 89159688
| Hs_Uniprot = P54132
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12144
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000030528
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001042527
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001035992
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 80328605
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 80408610
| Mm_Uniprot = O88700
}}
}}
'''Bloom syndrome''', also known as '''BLM''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The Bloom syndrome gene product is related to the RecQ subset of DExH box-containing DNA helicases and has both DNA-stimulated ATPase and ATP-dependent DNA helicase activities. Mutations causing Bloom syndrome delete or alter helicase motifs and may disable the 3'-5' helicase activity. The normal protein may act to suppress inappropriate recombination.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BLM Bloom syndrome| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=641| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Woo LL, Onel K, Ellis NA |title=The broken genome: genetic and pharmacologic approaches to breaking DNA. |journal=Ann. Med. |volume=39 |issue= 3 |pages= 208-18 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17457718 |doi= 10.1080/08035250601167136 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on BMP4... {November 6, 2007 10:27:22 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein BMP4 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:27:54 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:28:09 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_BMP4_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1reu.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1reu}}
| Name = Bone morphogenetic protein 4
| HGNCid = 1071
| Symbol = BMP4
| AltSymbols =; BMP2B; BMP2B1; ZYME
| OMIM = 112262
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 7247
| MGIid = 88180
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_BMP4_211518_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004871 |text = signal transducer activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005125 |text = cytokine activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008083 |text = growth factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008201 |text = heparin binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001525 |text = angiogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001649 |text = osteoblast differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001657 |text = ureteric bud development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001934 |text = positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007281 |text = germ cell development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007500 |text = mesodermal cell fate determination}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007507 |text = heart development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0021904 |text = dorsoventral neural tube patterning}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0021978 |text = telencephalon regionalization}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030218 |text = erythrocyte differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030324 |text = lung development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030501 |text = positive regulation of bone mineralization}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030509 |text = BMP signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030900 |text = forebrain development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0040007 |text = growth}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042475 |text = odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045165 |text = cell fate commitment}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045662 |text = negative regulation of myoblast differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045669 |text = positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045786 |text = negative regulation of progression through cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045843 |text = negative regulation of striated muscle development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051145 |text = smooth muscle cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051216 |text = cartilage development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 652
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000125378
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001193
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001202
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 14
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 53486207
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 53493362
| Hs_Uniprot = P12644
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12159
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000021835
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_007554
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_031580
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 14
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 45305599
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 45312453
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3ULR1
}}
}}
'''Bone morphogenetic protein 4''', also known as '''BMP4''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family which is part of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. The superfamily includes large families of growth and differentiation factors. Bone morphogenetic proteins were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site. This particular family member plays an important role in the onset of endochondral bone formation in humans, and a reduction in expression has been associated with a variety of bone diseases, including the heritable disorder Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Alternative splicing in the 5' untranslated region of this gene has been described and three variants are described, all encoding an identical protein.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BMP4 bone morphogenetic protein 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=652| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on BSG... {November 6, 2007 10:28:09 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:28:46 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Basigin (Ok blood group)
| HGNCid = 1116
| Symbol = BSG
| AltSymbols =; 5F7; CD147; EMMPRIN; M6; OK; TCSF
| OMIM = 109480
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 1308
| MGIid = 88208
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_BSG_208677_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004871 |text = signal transducer activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005529 |text = sugar binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005537 |text = mannose binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007166 |text = cell surface receptor linked signal transduction}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 682
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000172270
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001719
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001728
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 462896
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 534492
| Hs_Uniprot = P35613
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12215
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000023175
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001077184
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001070652
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 10
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 79107635
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 79115097
| Mm_Uniprot = O55107
}}
}}
'''Basigin (Ok blood group)''', also known as '''BSG''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Basigin is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a structure related to the putative primordial form of the family. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily play fundamental roles in intercellular recognition involved in various immunologic phenomena, differentiation, and development, basigin is thought also to play a role in intercellular recognition (Miyauchi et al., 1991; Kanekura et al., 1991).[supplied by OMIM]<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BSG basigin (Ok blood group)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=682| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Muramatsu T, Miyauchi T |title=Basigin (CD147): a multifunctional transmembrane protein involved in reproduction, neural function, inflammation and tumor invasion. |journal=Histol. Histopathol. |volume=18 |issue= 3 |pages= 981-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12792908 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yan L, Zucker S, Toole BP |title=Roles of the multifunctional glycoprotein, emmprin (basigin; CD147), in tumour progression. |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=93 |issue= 2 |pages= 199-204 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15711733 |doi= 10.1267/THRO05020199 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on CBS... {November 6, 2007 10:28:46 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: {November 6, 2007 10:29:02 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:29:12 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_CBS_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1jbq.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1jbq}}, {{PDB2|1m54}}
| Name = Cystathionine-beta-synthase
| HGNCid = 1550
| Symbol = CBS
| AltSymbols =; HIP4
| OMIM = 236200
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 37258
| MGIid = 88285
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004122 |text = cystathionine beta-synthase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005506 |text = iron ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016829 |text = lyase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006535 |text = cysteine biosynthetic process from serine}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008152 |text = metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008652 |text = amino acid biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019343 |text = cysteine biosynthetic process via cystathionine}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 875
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000160200
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000062
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000071
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 21
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 43346374
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 43369541
| Hs_Uniprot = P35520
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12411
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000024039
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_144855
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_659104
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 17
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 31341351
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 31365875
| Mm_Uniprot = Q91WT9
}}
}}
'''Cystathionine-beta-synthase''', also known as '''CBS''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the transsulfuration pathway. The first step of this pathway, from homocysteine to cystathionine, is catalyzed by this protein. CBS deficiency can cause homocystinuria which affects many organs and tissues, including the eyes and the skeletal, vascular and central nervous systems.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CBS cystathionine-beta-synthase| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=875| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Kraus JP |title=Komrower Lecture. Molecular basis of phenotype expression in homocystinuria. |journal=J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. |volume=17 |issue= 4 |pages= 383-90 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7967489 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kraus JP, Janosík M, Kozich V, ''et al.'' |title=Cystathionine beta-synthase mutations in homocystinuria. |journal=Hum. Mutat. |volume=13 |issue= 5 |pages= 362-75 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10338090 |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1999)13:5<362::AID-HUMU4>3.0.CO;2-K }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jones AL |title=The localization and interactions of huntingtin. |journal=Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. |volume=354 |issue= 1386 |pages= 1021-7 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10434301 |doi= 10.1098/rstb.1999.0454 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on CST3... {November 6, 2007 10:30:13 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein CST3 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:30:47 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:30:57 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_CST3_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1g96.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1g96}}, {{PDB2|1r4c}}, {{PDB2|1tij}}
| Name = Cystatin C (amyloid angiopathy and cerebral hemorrhage)
| HGNCid = 2475
| Symbol = CST3
| AltSymbols =; MGC117328
| OMIM = 604312
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 78
| MGIid = 102519
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CST3_201360_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004869 |text = cysteine protease inhibitor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042803 |text = protein homodimerization activity}}
| Component =
| Process =
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 1471
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000101439
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000090
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000099
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 20
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 23562297
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 23566631
| Hs_Uniprot = P01034
| Mm_EntrezGene = 13010
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000027447
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009976
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034106
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 2
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 148563189
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 148566928
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3U5K7
}}
}}
'''Cystatin C (amyloid angiopathy and cerebral hemorrhage)''', also known as '''CST3''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions, where they appear to provide protective functions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes. This gene is located in the cystatin locus and encodes the most abundant extracellular inhibitor of cysteine proteases, which is found in high concentrations in biological fluids and is expressed in virtually all organs of the body. A mutation in this gene has been associated with amyloid angiopathy. Expression of this protein in vascular wall smooth muscle cells is severely reduced in both atherosclerotic and aneurysmal aortic lesions, establishing its role in vascular disease.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CST3 cystatin C (amyloid angiopathy and cerebral hemorrhage)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1471| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Jensson O, Palsdottir A, Thorsteinsson L, Arnason A |title=The saga of cystatin C gene mutation causing amyloid angiopathy and brain hemorrhage--clinical genetics in Iceland. |journal=Clin. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 5 |pages= 368-77 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2689007 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mussap M, Plebani M |title=Biochemistry and clinical role of human cystatin C. |journal=Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences |volume=41 |issue= 5-6 |pages= 467-550 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15603510 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Palsdottir A, Snorradottir AO, Thorsteinsson L |title=Hereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy: genetic, clinical, and pathological aspects. |journal=Brain Pathol. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55-9 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16612982 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Levy E, Jaskolski M, Grubb A |title=The role of cystatin C in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and stroke: cell biology and animal models. |journal=Brain Pathol. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 60-70 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16612983 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bökenkamp A, Herget-Rosenthal S, Bökenkamp R |title=Cystatin C, kidney function and cardiovascular disease. |journal=Pediatr. Nephrol. |volume=21 |issue= 9 |pages= 1223-30 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16838182 |doi= 10.1007/s00467-006-0192-5 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on CYP11B2... {November 6, 2007 10:30:57 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:31:43 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2
| HGNCid = 2592
| Symbol = CYP11B2
| AltSymbols =; CPN2; CYP11B; ALDOS; CYP11BL; P-450C18; P450C18; P450aldo
| OMIM = 124080
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 73878
| MGIid = 88583
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CYP11B2_214630_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004497 |text = monooxygenase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004507 |text = steroid 11-beta-monooxygenase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005506 |text = iron ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019825 |text = oxygen binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0020037 |text = heme binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0047783 |text = corticosterone 18-monooxygenase activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005739 |text = mitochondrion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006118 |text = electron transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006629 |text = lipid metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006700 |text = C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006704 |text = glucocorticoid biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008202 |text = steroid metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008217 |text = blood pressure regulation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 1585
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000179142
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000489
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000498
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 8
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 143988983
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 143996261
| Hs_Uniprot = P19099
| Mm_EntrezGene = 110115
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001033229
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001028401
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2''', also known as '''CYP11B2''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the mitochondrial inner membrane. The enzyme has steroid 18-hydroxylase activity to synthesize aldosterone and 18-oxocortisol as well as steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase activity. Mutations in this gene cause corticosterone methyl oxidase deficiency.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CYP11B2 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1585| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Helmberg A |title=Twin genes and endocrine disease: CYP21 and CYP11B genes. |journal=Acta Endocrinol. |volume=129 |issue= 2 |pages= 97-108 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8372604 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Slight SH, Joseph J, Ganjam VK, Weber KT |title=Extra-adrenal mineralocorticoids and cardiovascular tissue. |journal=J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. |volume=31 |issue= 6 |pages= 1175-84 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10371693 |doi= 10.1006/jmcc.1999.0963 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stowasser M, Gunasekera TG, Gordon RD |title=Familial varieties of primary aldosteronism. |journal=Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. |volume=28 |issue= 12 |pages= 1087-90 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11903322 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM |title=Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm. |journal=Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS |volume=1 |issue= 4 |pages= 316-24 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11967817 |doi= 10.3317/jraas.2000.060 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on DEFB4... {November 6, 2007 10:31:43 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein DEFB4 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:31:56 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:32:14 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_DEFB4_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1e4q.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1e4q}}, {{PDB2|1fd3}}, {{PDB2|1fd4}}, {{PDB2|1fqq}}
| Name = Defensin, beta 4
| HGNCid = 2767
| Symbol = DEFB4
| AltSymbols =; DEFB-2; DEFB102; DEFB2; HBD-2; SAP1
| OMIM = 602215
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 87854
| MGIid =
| Function =
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006935 |text = chemotaxis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042742 |text = defense response to bacterium}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 1673
| Hs_Ensembl =
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_004933
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_004942
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr =
| Hs_GenLoc_start =
| Hs_GenLoc_end =
| Hs_Uniprot =
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Defensin, beta 4''', also known as '''DEFB4''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Defensins form a family of microbicidal and cytotoxic peptides made by neutrophils. Members of the defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence. This gene encodes defensin, beta 4, an antibiotic peptide which is locally regulated by inflammation.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: DEFB4 defensin, beta 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1673| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Weinberg A, Krisanaprakornkit S, Dale BA |title=Epithelial antimicrobial peptides: review and significance for oral applications. |journal=Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. |volume=9 |issue= 4 |pages= 399-414 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9825219 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Schröder JM, Harder J |title=Human beta-defensin-2. |journal=Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. |volume=31 |issue= 6 |pages= 645-51 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10404637 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on FCGR2A... {November 6, 2007 10:32:14 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein FCGR2A image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:33:25 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:33:51 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_FCGR2A_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1fcg.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1fcg}}, {{PDB2|1h9v}}, {{PDB2|2fcb}}
| Name = Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIa, receptor (CD32)
| HGNCid = 3616
| Symbol = FCGR2A
| AltSymbols =; CD32; CD32A; CDw32; FCG2; FCGR2; FCGR2A1; FcGR; IGFR2; MGC23887; MGC30032
| OMIM = 146790
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 47936
| MGIid = 95500
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_FCGR2A_203561_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_FCGR2A_210992_x_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_FCGR2A_211395_x_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005057 |text = receptor signaling protein activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019864 |text = IgG binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 2212
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000143226
| Hs_RefseqProtein = XP_001129584
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = XM_001129584
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 159741844
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 159755982
| Hs_Uniprot = P12318
| Mm_EntrezGene = 14131
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000059498
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010188
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034318
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 172887850
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 172896037
| Mm_Uniprot = Q5D5I8
}}
}}
'''Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIa, receptor (CD32)''', also known as '''FCGR2A''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=McKenzie SE |title=Humanized mouse models of FcR clearance in immune platelet disorders. |journal=Blood Rev. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 3-5 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11913983 |doi= 10.1054/blre.2001.0170 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on GATA1... {November 6, 2007 10:33:51 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein GATA1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:34:26 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:34:39 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_GATA1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1gnf.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1gnf}}, {{PDB2|1y0j}}
| Name = GATA binding protein 1 (globin transcription factor 1)
| HGNCid = 4170
| Symbol = GATA1
| AltSymbols =; ERYF1; GF1; NFE1
| OMIM = 305371
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 1549
| MGIid = 95661
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GATA1_210446_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043565 |text = sequence-specific DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006357 |text = regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 2623
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000102145
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002040
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002049
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = X
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 48529906
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 48537660
| Hs_Uniprot = P15976
| Mm_EntrezGene = 14460
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000031162
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_008089
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032115
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = X
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 7116225
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 7124835
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UIH9
}}
}}
'''GATA binding protein 1 (globin transcription factor 1)''', also known as '''GATA1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a protein which belongs to the GATA family of transcription factors. The protein plays an important role in erythroid development by regulating the switch of fetal hemoglobin to adult hemoglobin. Mutations in this gene have been associated with X-linked dyserythropoietic anemia and thrombocytopenia.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GATA1 GATA binding protein 1 (globin transcription factor 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2623| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Ohneda K, Yamamoto M |title=Roles of hematopoietic transcription factors GATA-1 and GATA-2 in the development of red blood cell lineage. |journal=Acta Haematol. |volume=108 |issue= 4 |pages= 237-45 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12432220 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gurbuxani S, Vyas P, Crispino JD |title=Recent insights into the mechanisms of myeloid leukemogenesis in Down syndrome. |journal=Blood |volume=103 |issue= 2 |pages= 399-406 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14512321 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1556 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Muntean AG, Ge Y, Taub JW, Crispino JD |title=Transcription factor GATA-1 and Down syndrome leukemogenesis. |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=47 |issue= 6 |pages= 986-97 |year= 2007 |pmid= 16840187 |doi= 10.1080/10428190500485810 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on GNAI1... {November 6, 2007 10:34:39 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein GNAI1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:35:14 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:35:31 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_GNAI1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1agr.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1agr}}, {{PDB2|1as0}}, {{PDB2|1as2}}, {{PDB2|1as3}}, {{PDB2|1bh2}}, {{PDB2|1bof}}, {{PDB2|1cip}}, {{PDB2|1gdd}}, {{PDB2|1gfi}}, {{PDB2|1gg2}}, {{PDB2|1gia}}, {{PDB2|1gil}}, {{PDB2|1git}}, {{PDB2|1gp2}}, {{PDB2|1kjy}}, {{PDB2|1svk}}, {{PDB2|1svs}}, {{PDB2|1y3a}}, {{PDB2|2g83}}, {{PDB2|2gtp}}, {{PDB2|2hlb}}, {{PDB2|2ihb}}, {{PDB2|2ik8}}, {{PDB2|2ode}}
| Name = Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 1
| HGNCid = 4384
| Symbol = GNAI1
| AltSymbols =; Gi
| OMIM = 139310
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 74417
| MGIid = 95771
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GNAI1_209576_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003924 |text = GTPase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004871 |text = signal transducer activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005525 |text = GTP binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005834 |text = heterotrimeric G-protein complex}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 2770
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000127955
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002060
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002069
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 79602076
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 79686655
| Hs_Uniprot = P63096
| Mm_EntrezGene = 14677
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000057614
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010305
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034435
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 17776959
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 17872237
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 1''', also known as '''GNAI1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Sidhu A, Niznik HB |title=Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins. |journal=Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. |volume=18 |issue= 7 |pages= 669-77 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10978845 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Brown EJ, Frazier WA |title=Integrin-associated protein (CD47) and its ligands. |journal=Trends Cell Biol. |volume=11 |issue= 3 |pages= 130-5 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11306274 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Raymond JR, Mukhin YV, Gelasco A, ''et al.'' |title=Multiplicity of mechanisms of serotonin receptor signal transduction. |journal=Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=92 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 179-212 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11916537 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on GNAI2... {November 6, 2007 10:35:31 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:36:08 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2
| HGNCid = 4385
| Symbol = GNAI2
| AltSymbols =; GIP; GNAI2B; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1
| OMIM = 139360
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 55539
| MGIid = 95772
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GNAI2_201040_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003924 |text = GTPase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004871 |text = signal transducer activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005525 |text = GTP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019001 |text = guanyl nucleotide binding}}
| Component =
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007193 |text = G-protein signaling, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007194 |text = negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007213 |text = acetylcholine receptor signaling, muscarinic pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007584 |text = response to nutrient}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008283 |text = cell proliferation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 2771
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000114353
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002061
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002070
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 50239173
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 50271775
| Hs_Uniprot = P04899
| Mm_EntrezGene = 14678
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_980919
| Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_986013
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2''', also known as '''GNAI2''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Sidhu A, Niznik HB |title=Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins. |journal=Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. |volume=18 |issue= 7 |pages= 669-77 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10978845 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on IAPP... {November 6, 2007 10:36:09 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: {November 6, 2007 10:36:40 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:36:53 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_IAPP_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 2g48.
| PDB = {{PDB2|2g48}}
| Name = Islet amyloid polypeptide
| HGNCid = 5329
| Symbol = IAPP
| AltSymbols =; IAP; DAP; AMYLIN
| OMIM = 147940
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 36024
| MGIid = 96382
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_IAPP_207062_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005179 |text = hormone activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005625 |text = soluble fraction}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006915 |text = apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007267 |text = cell-cell signaling}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3375
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000121351
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000406
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000415
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 12
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 21417085
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 21423683
| Hs_Uniprot = P10997
| Mm_EntrezGene = 15874
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000041681
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010491
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034621
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 142255650
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 142261039
| Mm_Uniprot = P12968
}}
}}
'''Islet amyloid polypeptide''', also known as '''IAPP''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Islet, or insulinoma, amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, or amylin) is commonly found in pancreatic islets of patients suffering diabetes mellitus type II, or harboring an insulinoma. While the assosciation of amylin with the development of type II diabetes has been known for some time, a direct causative role for amylin has been harder to establish. Recent results suggest that amylin, like the related beta-amyloid (Abeta) assosciated with Alzheimer's disease, can induce apoptotic cell-death in particular cultured cells, an effect that may be relevant to the development of type II diabetes.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: IAPP islet amyloid polypeptide| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3375| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Pittner RA, Albrandt K, Beaumont K, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular physiology of amylin. |journal=J. Cell. Biochem. |volume=55 Suppl |issue= |pages= 19-28 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7929615 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hayden MR |title=Islet amyloid, metabolic syndrome, and the natural progressive history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. |journal=JOP |volume=3 |issue= 5 |pages= 126-38 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12221327 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Westermark P, Andersson A, Westermark GT |title=Is aggregated IAPP a cause of beta-cell failure in transplanted human pancreatic islets? |journal=Curr. Diab. Rep. |volume=5 |issue= 3 |pages= 184-8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15929864 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on INHBA... {November 6, 2007 10:36:53 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein INHBA image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:37:41 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:37:53 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_INHBA_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1nys.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1nys}}, {{PDB2|1nyu}}, {{PDB2|1s4y}}, {{PDB2|2arp}}, {{PDB2|2arv}}, {{PDB2|2b0u}}, {{PDB2|2p6a}}
| Name = Inhibin, beta A (activin A, activin AB alpha polypeptide)
| HGNCid = 6066
| Symbol = INHBA
| AltSymbols =; EDF; FRP
| OMIM = 147290
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 1653
| MGIid = 96570
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_INHBA_210511_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_INHBA_204926_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005125 |text = cytokine activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005160 |text = transforming growth factor beta receptor binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005179 |text = hormone activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008083 |text = growth factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0017106 |text = activin inhibitor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042802 |text = identical protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0048184 |text = follistatin binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043509 |text = activin A complex}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043512 |text = inhibin A complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000082 |text = G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001501 |text = skeletal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001541 |text = ovarian follicle development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006917 |text = induction of apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006952 |text = defense response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007050 |text = cell cycle arrest}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007166 |text = cell surface receptor linked signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007267 |text = cell-cell signaling}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007399 |text = nervous system development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007498 |text = mesoderm development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009605 |text = response to external stimulus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030154 |text = cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030218 |text = erythrocyte differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030308 |text = negative regulation of cell growth}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0040007 |text = growth}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042326 |text = negative regulation of phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042541 |text = hemoglobin biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045077 |text = negative regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045578 |text = negative regulation of B cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045648 |text = positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045650 |text = negative regulation of macrophage differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045944 |text = positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046881 |text = positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046882 |text = negative regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3624
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000122641
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002183
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002192
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 41695126
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 41709231
| Hs_Uniprot = P08476
| Mm_EntrezGene = 16323
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000041324
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_008380
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032406
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 13
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 15805370
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 15818147
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UXL8
}}
}}
'''Inhibin, beta A (activin A, activin AB alpha polypeptide)''', also known as '''INHBA''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The inhibin beta A subunit joins the alpha subunit to form a pituitary FSH secretion inhibitor. Inhibin has been shown to regulate gonadal stromal cell proliferation negatively and to have tumor-suppressor activity. In addition, serum levels of inhibin have been shown to reflect the size of granulosa-cell tumors and can therefore be used as a marker for primary as well as recurrent disease. Because expression in gonadal and various extragonadal tissues may vary severalfold in a tissue-specific fashion, it is proposed that inhibin may be both a growth/differentiation factor and a hormone. Furthermore, the beta A subunit forms a homodimer, activin A, and also joins with a beta B subunit to form a heterodimer, activin AB, both of which stimulate FSH secretion. Finally, it has been shown that the beta A subunit mRNA is identical to the erythroid differentiation factor subunit mRNA and that only one gene for this mRNA exists in the human genome.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: INHBA inhibin, beta A (activin A, activin AB alpha polypeptide)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3624| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Munz B, Hübner G, Tretter Y, ''et al.'' |title=A novel role of activin in inflammation and repair. |journal=J. Endocrinol. |volume=161 |issue= 2 |pages= 187-93 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10320815 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Welt C, Sidis Y, Keutmann H, Schneyer A |title=Activins, inhibins, and follistatins: from endocrinology to signaling. A paradigm for the new millennium. |journal=Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) |volume=227 |issue= 9 |pages= 724-52 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12324653 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shav-Tal Y, Zipori D |title=The role of activin a in regulation of hemopoiesis. |journal=Stem Cells |volume=20 |issue= 6 |pages= 493-500 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12456957 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Reis FM, Luisi S, Carneiro MM, ''et al.'' |title=Activin, inhibin and the human breast. |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=225 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 77-82 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15451571 |doi= 10.1016/j.mce.2004.02.016 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on IRF3... {November 6, 2007 10:37:53 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein IRF3 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:38:24 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:38:32 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_IRF3_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1j2f.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1j2f}}, {{PDB2|1qwt}}, {{PDB2|1t2k}}, {{PDB2|1zoq}}
| Name = Interferon regulatory factor 3
| HGNCid = 6118
| Symbol = IRF3
| AltSymbols =;
| OMIM = 603734
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 1208
| MGIid = 1859179
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_IRF3_202621_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003702 |text = RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003712 |text = transcription cofactor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042803 |text = protein homodimerization activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006366 |text = transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009615 |text = response to virus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045351 |text = interferon type I biosynthetic process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3661
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000126456
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001562
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001571
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 54854642
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 54860926
| Hs_Uniprot = Q14653
| Mm_EntrezGene = 54131
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000003184
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_016849
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_058545
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 44865702
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 44870890
| Mm_Uniprot = O54726
}}
}}
'''Interferon regulatory factor 3''', also known as '''IRF3''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = IRF3 encodes interferon regulatory factor 3, a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family. IRF3 is found in an inactive cytoplasmic form that upon serine/threonine phosphorylation forms a complex with CREBBP. This complex translocates to the nucleus and activates the transcription of interferons alpha and beta, as well as other interferon-induced genes.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: IRF3 interferon regulatory factor 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3661| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Pitha PM, Au WC, Lowther W, ''et al.'' |title=Role of the interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) in virus-mediated signaling and regulation of cell growth. |journal=Biochimie |volume=80 |issue= 8-9 |pages= 651-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9865487 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yoneyama M, Suhara W, Fujita T |title=Control of IRF-3 activation by phosphorylation. |journal=J. Interferon Cytokine Res. |volume=22 |issue= 1 |pages= 73-6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11846977 |doi= 10.1089/107999002753452674 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on MAP2K2... {November 6, 2007 10:40:52 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein MAP2K2 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:41:40 PM PST} CREATE : Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 10:41:56 PM PST} CREATED : Created new protein page: MAP2K2 {November 6, 2007 10:42:03 PM PST} INFO : Beginning work on MAP3K7... {November 6, 2007 10:42:03 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: {November 6, 2007 10:43:34 PM PST} CREATE : Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 10:43:47 PM PST} CREATED : Created new protein page: MAP3K7 {November 6, 2007 10:43:55 PM PST} INFO : Beginning work on NGFR... {November 6, 2007 10:38:32 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein NGFR image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:39:03 PM PST} CREATE : Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 10:39:19 PM PST} CREATED : Created new protein page: NGFR {November 6, 2007 10:39:26 PM PST} INFO : Beginning work on PIN1... {November 6, 2007 10:39:26 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein PIN1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:40:01 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:40:13 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_PIN1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1f8a.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1f8a}}, {{PDB2|1i6c}}, {{PDB2|1i8g}}, {{PDB2|1i8h}}, {{PDB2|1nmv}}, {{PDB2|1nmw}}, {{PDB2|1pin}}, {{PDB2|1zcn}}, {{PDB2|2f21}}, {{PDB2|2iti}}, {{PDB2|2itk}}
| Name = Protein (peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase) NIMA-interacting 1
| HGNCid = 8988
| Symbol = PIN1
| AltSymbols =; DOD; UBL5
| OMIM = 601052
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 4531
| MGIid = 1346036
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PIN1_202927_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003755 |text = peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016853 |text = isomerase activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006457 |text = protein folding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007049 |text = cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007088 |text = regulation of mitosis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5300
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000127445
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_006212
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_006221
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 9806999
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 9821359
| Hs_Uniprot = Q13526
| Mm_EntrezGene = 23988
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000032171
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_023371
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_075860
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 20402532
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 20416986
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UTI7
}}
}}
'''Protein (peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase) NIMA-interacting 1''', also known as '''PIN1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Lu KP, Liou YC, Zhou XZ |title=Pinning down proline-directed phosphorylation signaling. |journal=Trends Cell Biol. |volume=12 |issue= 4 |pages= 164-72 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11978535 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wulf G, Finn G, Suizu F, Lu KP |title=Phosphorylation-specific prolyl isomerization: is there an underlying theme? |journal=Nat. Cell Biol. |volume=7 |issue= 5 |pages= 435-41 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15867923 |doi= 10.1038/ncb0505-435 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Etzkorn FA |title=Pin1 flips Alzheimer's switch. |journal=ACS Chem. Biol. |volume=1 |issue= 4 |pages= 214-6 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17163675 |doi= 10.1021/cb600171g }}
*{{cite journal | author=Balastik M, Lim J, Pastorino L, Lu KP |title=Pin1 in Alzheimer's disease: multiple substrates, one regulatory mechanism? |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1772 |issue= 4 |pages= 422-9 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17317113 |doi= 10.1016/j.bbadis.2007.01.006 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on PLP1... {November 6, 2007 10:40:13 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:40:52 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Proteolipid protein 1 (Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, spastic paraplegia 2, uncomplicated)
| HGNCid = 9086
| Symbol = PLP1
| AltSymbols =; MMPL; PLP; PLP/DM20; PMD; SPG2
| OMIM = 300401
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 448
| MGIid = 97623
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PLP1_210198_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005198 |text = structural molecule activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007268 |text = synaptic transmission}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008366 |text = axon ensheathment}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042759 |text = long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0048469 |text = cell maturation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5354
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000123560
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000524
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000533
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = X
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 102918410
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 102934201
| Hs_Uniprot = P60201
| Mm_EntrezGene = 18823
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000031425
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011123
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035253
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = X
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 132169200
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 132184124
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UYM8
}}
}}
'''Proteolipid protein 1 (Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, spastic paraplegia 2, uncomplicated)''', also known as '''PLP1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a transmembrane proteolipid protein that is the predominant myelin protein present in the central nervous system. The encoded protein functions in myelination. This protein may play a role in the compaction, stabilization, and maintenance of myelin sheaths, as well as in oligodendrocyte development and axonal survival. Mutations associated with this gene cause X-linked Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and spastic paraplegia type 2. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PLP1 proteolipid protein 1 (Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, spastic paraplegia 2, uncomplicated)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5354| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Woodward K, Malcolm S |title=Proteolipid protein gene: Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease in humans and neurodegeneration in mice. |journal=Trends Genet. |volume=15 |issue= 4 |pages= 125-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10203813 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Garbern J, Cambi F, Shy M, Kamholz J |title=The molecular pathogenesis of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=56 |issue= 10 |pages= 1210-4 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10520936 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yool DA, Edgar JM, Montague P, Malcolm S |title=The proteolipid protein gene and myelin disorders in man and animal models. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=9 |issue= 6 |pages= 987-92 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10767322 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hudson LD |title=Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and spastic paraplegia type 2: two faces of myelin loss from mutations in the same gene. |journal=J. Child Neurol. |volume=18 |issue= 9 |pages= 616-24 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14572140 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Inoue K |title=PLP1-related inherited dysmyelinating disorders: Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and spastic paraplegia type 2. |journal=Neurogenetics |volume=6 |issue= 1 |pages= 1-16 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15627202 |doi= 10.1007/s10048-004-0207-y }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on SCARB1... {November 6, 2007 10:29:12 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:30:13 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Scavenger receptor class B, member 1
| HGNCid = 1664
| Symbol = SCARB1
| AltSymbols =; CD36L1; CLA-1; CLA1; MGC138242; SR-BI; SRB1
| OMIM = 601040
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 21132
| MGIid = 893578
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SCARB1_201819_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_SCARB1_215834_x_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005215 |text = transporter activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000299 |text = integral to membrane of membrane fraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016599 |text = caveolar membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006810 |text = transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006915 |text = apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007155 |text = cell adhesion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008203 |text = cholesterol metabolic process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 949
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000073060
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_005496
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_005505
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 12
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 123828139
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 123914346
| Hs_Uniprot = Q8WTV0
| Mm_EntrezGene = 20778
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000037936
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_016741
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_058021
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 125570084
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 125629861
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TZ42
}}
}}
'''Scavenger receptor class B, member 1''', also known as '''SCARB1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Williams DL, Temel RE, Connelly MA |title=Roles of scavenger receptor BI and APO A-I in selective uptake of HDL cholesterol by adrenal cells. |journal=Endocr. Res. |volume=26 |issue= 4 |pages= 639-51 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11196441 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Krause BR, Auerbach BJ |title=Reverse cholesterol transport and future pharmacological approaches to the treatment of atherosclerosis. |journal=Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000) |volume=2 |issue= 3 |pages= 375-81 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11575708 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Connelly MA, Williams DL |title=Scavenger receptor BI: a scavenger receptor with a mission to transport high density lipoprotein lipids. |journal=Curr. Opin. Lipidol. |volume=15 |issue= 3 |pages= 287-95 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15166784 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on TAP1... {November 6, 2007 10:43:55 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein TAP1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:44:26 PM PST} CREATE : Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 10:44:52 PM PST} CREATED : Created new protein page: TAP1 {November 6, 2007 10:44:59 PM PST} INFO : Beginning work on TEK... {November 6, 2007 10:44:59 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein TEK image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:45:51 PM PST} AMBIGUITY : Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 10:46:09 PM PST} <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_TEK_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1fvr.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1fvr}}, {{PDB2|2gy5}}, {{PDB2|2gy7}}, {{PDB2|2oo8}}, {{PDB2|2osc}}, {{PDB2|2p4i}}
| Name = TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial (venous malformations, multiple cutaneous and mucosal)
| HGNCid = 11724
| Symbol = TEK
| AltSymbols =; CD202B; TIE-2; TIE2; VMCM; VMCM1
| OMIM = 600221
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 397
| MGIid = 98664
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TEK_206702_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_TEK_217711_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004714 |text = transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016301 |text = kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007169 |text = transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007267 |text = cell-cell signaling}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 7010
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000120156
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000450
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000459
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 27099236
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 27220173
| Hs_Uniprot = Q02763
| Mm_EntrezGene = 21687
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000006386
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_013690
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_038718
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 4
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 94231313
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 94366957
| Mm_Uniprot = Q02858
}}
}}
'''TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial (venous malformations, multiple cutaneous and mucosal)''', also known as '''TEK''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The TEK receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed almost exclusively in endothelial cells in mice, rats, and humans. This receptor possesses a unique extracellular domain containing 2 immunoglobulin-like loops separated by 3 epidermal growth factor-like repeats that are connected to 3 fibronectin type III-like repeats. The ligand for the receptor is angiopoietin-1. Defects in TEK are associated with inherited venous malformations; the TEK signaling pathway appears to be critical for endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell communication in venous morphogenesis. TEK is closely related to the TIE receptor tyrosine kinase.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TEK TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial (venous malformations, multiple cutaneous and mucosal)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7010| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO : Beginning work on TNNI3... {November 6, 2007 10:46:09 PM PST} UPLOAD : Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein TNNI3 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 10:46:40 PM PST} CREATE : Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 10:46:55 PM PST} CREATED : Created new protein page: TNNI3 {November 6, 2007 10:47:01 PM PST} end log.
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{November 6, 2007 10:43:34 PM PST} 
