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Full name	Alexander Alexandrovich Alekhine
Country	Russia France
Title	Grandmaster
World Champion	1927-1935 1937-1946

Alexander Alekhine (spelled also as "Aljechin", "Alechin", etc.); Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Але́хин (IPA: [alʲɛkˈsandr̠ alʲɛkˈsandr̠ovʲiʨ aˈlʲɛxin]; French: Alexandre Alekhine) (October 31 [O.S. October 19] 1892– March 24, 1946) was a Russian-born naturalized French chess grandmaster (officially naturalized in 1927 only three days before the World Champion title), and the fourth World Chess Champion. He was known for his fierce and imaginative attacking style. Alekhine was also a highly regarded chess writer.

Name

• Alekhine French, English, Gaulish, Spanish, Catalan, Portuguese, Turkish

• Aljechin German, Czech, Danish, Dutch

• Aljehin Hungarian, Croatian, Slovenian

• Alechin Italian, Polish, Slovak, Swedish

• Alekhin Norwegian

• Alehhin Estonian

• Alehin Romanian, Finnish

• Aļehins Latvian

• Alechinas Lithuanian

• Alec'hin Breton

Early life

Alekhine was born into a wealthy family in Moscow, Russia. His father Alexander Ivanovich Alekhine was a landowner, and Privy Councillor to the conservative legislative Fourth Duma. His mother, Anisya Ivanovna Alekhina (née Prokhorova), was the daughter of a rich industrialist. Alekhine was first introduced to chess by his mother, an older brother Alexei, and an older sister Varvara (Barbara).

Early chess career (1902-1914)

The tables at the end of this article give details of Alekhine's results.

Alekhine's first known game was from a correspondence tournament that began on December 3, 1902, when he was 10 years old. He participated in several correspondence chess tournaments, sponsored by Shakhmatnoe Obozrenie chess magazine, in 1902-1911. In 1907 Alexander played his first over-the-board tournament, the Moscow chess club's Spring Tournament. Later that year Alexander tied for 11th-13th in the club's Autumn Tournament; his older brother, Alexei, tied for 4th-6th place. In 1907 Alexander won in the club's Spring Tournament, at the age of 14. For the next few years he played in increasingly strong tournaments, some of them outside Russia. At first he had mixed results but by the time he was 16 he had established himself as one of Russia's top players. In January 1914, Alekhine won his first major Russian tournament, when he tied for first place with Aron Nimzowitsch in the All-Russian Masters Tournament at St. Petersburg. Afterwards, they drew in a mini-match for first prize (+1 –1 =0). Alekhine also played several matches in this period, and his results showed the same pattern: mixed at first but later consistently good.